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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of nickel toxicity on liver, spleen, and kidney of mice after administration of high-dose metal ion (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 40 (1998), S. 40-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: nickel ; biomaterial ; mice ; microelectrodes ; histology ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The toxic effects caused by nickel (Ni) per si were explored by performing in vivo studies on mice following subcutaneous administration of a metallic solution of nickel at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks to evaluate the side effects of this metal ion when released from stainless steel implants. Other groups were similarly injected with HBSS and used as controls. Accumulation of Ni ions on liver, spleen, and kidney was assessed by an electrochemical method, adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) using microelectrodes, and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Alterations of those organs induced by Ni ions were studied, showing that several histological changes had been induced. Chemical analysis and histological features indicate that Ni is partially accumulated in the study organs. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 40, 40-47, 1998.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct measurements of energy transfer between identical chromophores in solution (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 7557-7562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate of intramolecular electronic excitation energy transfer in 9,9' bifluorene has been investigated in a variety of solvents, using both time-correlated single photon counting and femtosecond fluorescence upconversion technique. The kinetics of energy transfer were determined in both cases by time dependent fluorescence anisotropy measurements. The energy transfer dynamics between fluorene moieties has been found to occur on a time scale of approximately 600 fs in different solvents and has been correlated with the T2 value calculated from the absorption linewidth and the β value obtained from jet measurements. The dihedral angle between the fluorene moieties was also calculated from the anisotropy measurement and compared with the values obtained from a solution phase NMR determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457279
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory of nonlinear optical absorption in coupled-band quantum wells with many-body effects (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 279-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonlinear optical absorption spectra and refractive index changes are computed for coupled-band semiconductor quantum wells by numerically solving the interband polarization equation. The theory combines band-structure engineering with many-body techniques and is applied to lattice-matched GaAs-AlGaAs and strained InGaAs-GaAs systems with carrier densities ranging from the excitonic to the gain regimes. Good agreement with recent experimental results is found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111180
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Many-body treatment on the modulation response in a strained quantum well semiconductor laser medium (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 758-760 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The carrier density modulation response of a semiconductor laser medium is analyzed. The differential gain and linewidth enhancement factor are computed as functions of strain and threshold gain. The example of InGaAs/InP with different InAs content is used to illustrate the situations of zero, tensile and compressive strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107789
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical nonlinearities in strained-layer InGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum wells (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 1745-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical nonlinearities in strained-layer InGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs) are studied using pump-probe spectroscopy. It is found that the carrier density required for absorption saturation in a strained InGaAs/GaAs MQW is about a factor of two lower than that in an unstrained GaAs/AlGaAs MQW with similar structures, while the nonlinear index change per carrier is about the same for both samples. The decrease in the saturation density in the strained MQW is explained by the increase of the top valence-band curvature caused by the compressive strain in the quantum well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108414
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Many-body effects in the gain spectra of strained quantum wells (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2941-2943 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A many-body theory for the optical susceptibility in highly excited strained-layer quantum wells is presented. Gain spectra are computed for the example of InxGa1−xAs/InP and different In concentrations, yielding zero, tensile, and compressive strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105830
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in diet and foraging behaviour between sexes and ploidy forms of the hybridogenetic Squalius alburnoides complex (Cyprinidae) in the Guadiana River basin, Portugal (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 66 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Samples of the Squalius alburnoides complex, a hybridogenetic Iberian minnow composed of diploid, triploid and, less commonly, tetraploid forms, were collected from a tributary of the Ardila River (Guadiana River basin) between February 1999 and January 2001. Seasonal variation in diet was evident, and was probably linked to prey availability. Distinct foraging behaviours between ploidy forms were found towards several prey items, suggesting that diploid adult males fed mostly near the surface, whereas diploid adult females tended to feed near the bottom and submerged vegetation. Triploid females exhibited an intermediate foraging behaviour, although there was greater affinity towards diploid male feeding behaviour. Diploid males which, in contrast to diploid and triploid females, have non-hybrid genomes in the Guadiana drainage, exhibited a higher specialization for food. Despite considerable dietary overlap, there appeared to be spatial segregation of feeding niches between the three forms, especially during dry periods when prey availability was lower, which may be a strategy for diminishing competition for food. Therefore, considering asexual generalist and specialist hypotheses, it appears that the different ploidy levels are generalist, opportunistic feeders that partition the resources when limited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00611.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of life history in the relationship between population dynamics and environmental variability in two Mediterranean stream fishes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Chub Squalius torgalensis and nase Chondrostoma lusitanicum, in a Mediterranean stream, showed important differences in life-history traits and population dynamics. Both species reached mean maturity at age 2 years. Chub lived up to age 5 years, spawned in March to June, grew at a maximum rate of 0·59 mm mm−1 year−1 and showed a low reproductive allocation, with fecundity and egg size increasing with body size. Nase lived up to age 4 years, spawned in January to April, grew at a maximum rate of 0·46 mm mm−1 year−1 and showed a high reproductive allocation, with egg size independent of body size. Both chub and nase showed moderate fluctuations in population size during 1991–1998, but differed in factors driving density at age. Density of age 1 year juvenile chub decreased following severe summer droughts and proportionate survival prevailed thereafter. Density of age 2 year adult nase decreased following severe spring floods, but neither environmental nor parental stock effects were detected for juveniles and older fishes. The results illustrated the interplay between life history and environmental variability in driving fish population dynamics, with impacts of both summer droughts and spring floods being contingent on species-specific patterns of spawning and reproductive investment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00148.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and Functional Properties of Trypanosoma Trans-Sialidase (1994)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 48 (1994), S. 499-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.48.100194.002435
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal variation in net carbon exchange and evapotranspiration in a Brazilian rain forest: a modelling analysis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Tropical rain forests account for a significant fraction of global net primary productivity, and are important latent energy (LE) sources, affecting extra-tropical atmospheric circulation. The influence of environmental factors on these fluxes has until recently been poorly understood, largely due to a paucity of data, but in recent years the amount of available data has been increased greatly by use of eddy covariance techniques. In this paper we examine the factors that control daily and seasonal carbon (C) and LE fluxes, by comparing a detailed model of the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum against a unique long-term data-set collected using eddy covariance at an undisturbed rain forest site north of Manaus, Brazil. Our initial application of the model was parametrized with simple measurements of canopy structure, and driven with local meteorological data. It made effective predictions of C and LE exchange during the wet season, but dry season predictions were overestimates in both cases. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the best explanation for this behaviour was a seasonal change in soil and root hydraulic resistances (Rb). An optimization routine was then used to estimate the increase in Rb during the dry season that would be required to explain the reduced dry season fluxes. The local soil, a clay latosol, is typical of much of Amazônia, having very low available water and low hydraulic conductivity. We conclude that an increase in soil–root hydraulic resistance in the dry season introduces a significant seasonal cycle to carbon and water fluxes from this tropical forest. Furthermore, our model structure appears to be an effective tool for regional and temporal scaling of C and LE fluxes, with primary data requirements being regional and temporal information on meteorology, leaf area index (LAI), foliar N, critical leaf water potentials, and plant and soil hydraulic characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00339.x
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