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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of conditions in static headspace GC (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 834-836 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Static headspace ; Optimization of conditions ; Gas chromatography ; Blood alcohol ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The precision and sensitivity of head-space GC can be improved by careful selection of the operating conditions: partitioning in the vapor phase can be promoted by altering the sample matrix; the ratio of the volumes of the gaseous and liquid phases, the sample temperature, the equilibration time, and the effect of sample mixing should also be considered.Most of the principles covered here can be applied to either manual headspace GC or to headspace GC utilizing an automated sampler.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240151212
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of residual solvent in pharmaceutical preparations by static headspace GC (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 15 (1992), S. 329-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary GC ; Static headspace (SHS) ; Volatile organic compounds ; Pharmaceutical preparations ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Static headspace GC, a simple, clean technique which is easily automated, appears to be a good approach to the determination of solvent residues in pharmaceutical preparations. The feasibility of this approach has been studied with an automated system.Data is presented for the solvents designated as impurities in pharmaceutical preparations by the United States Pharmacopeia. It was found that the static headspace technique meets the United States Pharmacopeia criteria for sensitivity. The absolute area count precision was 〈5% relative standard deviation and correlation coefficients to a linear response were 〉0.999. It was concluded that the technique is viable for this application.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150511
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of a GC autosampler modified for headspace sampling (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 17 (1994), S. 647-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Ambient headspace ; Modified autosampler ; Residual organic volatiles ; Blood alcohol ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A GC autosampler designed for liquid injection was modified for static headspace sampling. The modification was very simple and involved replacement of the standard 10-μL syringe with a 100-μL gas-tight syringe. Liquid samples (0.2-1.0 mL) were placed in 2-mL vials, normally used for liquid sampling and an aliquot of the head-space above the liquid was withdrawn and injected into the GC. All parts of the sampling system were at ambient temperature. The system was found to be useful for several applications. Among those discussed in this paper are determination of ethanol in the blood or urine of individuals suspected of driving while intoxicated, residual organic solvents in pharmaceuticals, and screening of effluent waters from industrial plants for acrylonitrile.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240170906
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