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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 11 (1971), S. 203-216 
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Theorie des thermomechanischen Verhaltens eines linear-viskoelastischen Cosserat-Kontinuums wird unter Verwendung der grundlegenden Begriffe der Kontinuumsmechanik und der irreversiblen Thermodynamik entwickelt. Es wird gezeigt, daß für eine beliebige zeitliche und örtliche Variation des Temperaturfeldes der Spannungstensor, der Momentenspannungstensor und die Entropiedichte von einem Potential, der Dichte Ψ der freien Energie, abgeleitet werden können. Für isotherme Bedingungen zeigt sich, daß sechs Relaxationsfunktionen notwendig sind, um das lineare mechanische Verhalten eines vollisotropen viskoelastischen Cosserat-Materials für kleine Deformationen zu beschreiben; im Gegensatz zu zwei das mechanische Verhalten beschreibenden Relaxationsfunktionen des klassischen isotropen viskoelastischen Materials. Ist die Bewegungsfreiheit des materiellen Elements derart eingeschränkt, daß der geometrisch unabhängige Rotationsvektor dem durch die Deformation bedingten Rotationsvektor gleichgesetzt wird, so reduziert sich die Zahl der unabhängigen Relaxationsfunktionen von sechs auf vier. Abschließend werden die linearen thermomechanischen Grundgleichungen für ein zeitlich veränderliches, örtlich inhomogenes Temperaturfeld in expliziter Form hergeleitet.
    Notes: Summary The theory of thermomechanical behavior of a linear viscoelastic Cosserat continuum is developed by making use of the fundamental concepts of continuum mechanics and irreversible thermodynamics. It is shown that, under conditions of arbitrary temporal and spatial variation of the temperature field, the stress tensor, the couple stress tensor and entropy density are derivable from a potential which is the free energy density Ψ. Under isothermal conditions, it is found that six relaxation functions are needed to describe the linear mechanical behavior of a centro-symmetric isotropic viscoelastic Cosserat materials in a small deformation field, as opposed to two relaxation functions which describe the mechanical behavior of a classical isotropic viscoelastic materials. If a material element is intrinsically constrained such that the geometrically independent rotation vector is identified as the deformation induced rotation vector, then the independent relaxation functions are reduced from six to four. Finally, the explicit form of the linear thermo-mechanical constitutive equations under time varying, spatially inhomogeneous temperature field are derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1681-1689 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A simple form of nonisothermal free energy function A(λ1, λ2, λ3, T) for rubberlike materials results from postulating that the entropy is a separable symmetric function of the extension ratios λi along the principal strain directions and considering the fundamental properties of rubberlike materials, i.e., that rubber elasticity is associated primarily with changes in entropy and the variation of elastic tension with changes in temperature is linear. The explicit representation of A is reduced to the Valanis-Landel strain energy function for isothermal cases.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-09-07
    Description: The response of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux to permafrost degradation is one of the major sources of uncertainty in predicting the permafrost carbon feedback. We investigated DOC export and properties over two complete flow seasons in a catchment on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. DOC concentration and biodegradability decreased systematically as thaw depth increased through the season, attributable to changing carbon sources and degree of microbial processing. Increasing DOC aromaticity and δ 13 C-DOC indicated shifts towards more recalcitrant carbon sources and greater residence time in soils prior to reaching the stream network. These strong and consistent seasonal trends suggest that gradual active layer deepening may decrease DOC export and biodegradability from permafrost catchments. Because these patterns are opposite observations from areas experiencing abrupt permafrost collapse (thermokarst), the overall impact of permafrost degradation on DOC flux and biodegradability may depend on the proportion of the landscape experiencing gradual thaw versus thermokarst.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1971-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0001-5970
    Electronic ISSN: 1619-6937
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-11-10
    Description: Holding a climatically and geologically key position both regionally and globally, the northeastern Tibetan Plateau provides a natural laboratory for understanding the interactions between tectonic activity and the evolution of Asian aridification. Determining when and how the Late Miocene climate evolved on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau may help us understand better relations between tectonic uplift, global cooling and ecosystem evolution. Previous paleoenvironmental research has focused on the western Longzhong Basin. Late Miocene aridification data derived from sporopollen now requires corroborative evidence from the eastern Longzhong Basin. Here, we present a Late Miocene sporopollen record from the Tianshui Basin in the eastern Longzhong Basin. Our results show a two-stage stepwise aridification: a temperate forest with a more humid climate developed in the basin between 11.4 and 10.1 Ma, followed by a temperate open forest environment with a less humid climate between 10.1 and 7.4 Ma; and an open temperate forest-steppe environment with a relatively arid climate occupied the basin during 7.4 to 6.4 Ma. The vegetation succession demonstrates that Asian aridification occurred after ~ 7–8 Ma, which is confirmed by other evidence from Asia. Furthermore, this persistent aridification on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau parallels the global cooling of the Late Miocene; the stepwise vegetation succession is consistent with the major uplift of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau during this time. These integrated environmental proxies indicate that global cooling may have been a potential driving force for Asian interior aridification, most likely enhanced by stepwise uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.
    Print ISSN: 1814-9340
    Electronic ISSN: 1814-9359
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: An explicit formulation is developed to obtain the stored energy function, based on the Valanis-Landel separable symmetric stored energy function. This formulation is applicable to any multiaxial stress state, from simple tensile data alone, for those cases in which the stored energy function is a separable function of the stretch ratios. By direct comparison, it is also shown that styrene butadiene rubber, at least over a specific range, follows this postulated separable form.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics; 43; July 197
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Description: A study was made of the behavior of polyisobutylene under motion at a constant stretch history for both strip biaxial extensional flow and simple extensional flow. Steady-state non-Newtonian viscosities were observed at various constant stretch histories. Newtonian viscosities for both strip biaxial and simple extensional flow were found to be in agreement with the classical theory. The results of the study provide an essential part of the experimental background necessary for the development of a new general stress-strain-time relation for uncrosslinked and lightly crosslinked polymers.
    Keywords: MATERIALS, NONMETALLIC
    Type: JPL Quart. Tech. Rev.; Vol. 2; No. 3; p 40-45
    Format: application/pdf
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