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  • 1
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    Salton Sea Project, Phase 1 (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A feasibility study was made for a salt gradient solar pond power plant in or near the Salton Sea of California. The conclusions support continuance 5-MWe proof-of-concept experiment, and ultimate construction by an electric utility company of a 600-MWe plant. The Solar Pond concept would be an environmental benefit to the Salton Sea by reversing the increasing salinity trend. The greatest cost drivers are the lake dike construction and pond sealing. Problems to be resolved include method of brine production from Salton Sea water for the first unit (which requires evaporation pond area and time), the high turbidity and color content of the Salton Sea water (which requires pretreatment), and other questions related to pond permeability, bio-activity and soil/brine chemical reactions. All technical and environmental problems appear solvable and/or manageable if care is taken in mitigating impacts.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-168804 , JPL-PUB-81-108 , JPL-1060-54 , JPL-5107-2 , NAS 1.26:168804
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Completely modular Thermionic Reactor Ion Propulsion System (TRIPS) (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The nuclear reactor powered ion propulsion system described is an advanced completely modularized system which lends itself to development of prototype and/or flight type components without the need for complete system tests until late in the development program. This modularity is achieved in all of the subsystems and components of the electric propulsion system including (1) the thermionic fuel elements, (2) the heat rejection subsystem (heat pipes), (3) the power conditioning modules, and (4) the ion thrusters. Both flashlight and external fuel type in-core thermionic reactors are considered as the power source. The thermionic fuel elements would be useful over a range of reactor power levels. Electrical heated acceptance testing in their flight configuration is possible for the external fuel case. Nuclear heated testing by sampling methods could be used for acceptance testing of flashlight fuel elements. The use of heat pipes for cooling the collectors and as a means of heat transport to the radiator allows early prototype or flight configuration testing of a small module of the heat rejection subsystem as opposed to full scale liquid metal pumps and radiators in a large vacuum chamber. The power conditioner (p/c) is arranged in modules with passive cooling.
    Keywords: PROPULSION SYSTEMS
    Type: NASA-CR-126865 , JPL-TM-33-550
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Test of 50-kw heat-pipe radiator. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: A heat pipe radiator consisting of 100 sodium-filled, 1.91-cm OD, stainless steel heat pipes has been tested at temperatures up to 760 C. This radiator was initially designed to have a heat pipe temperature of 740 C with a central coolant channel temperature of 771 C. The as-fabricated radiator heat pipe temperatures varied from 605 C to 700 C when the central coolant channel average temperature was 740 C. The heat pipes operated at 25 C to 110 C lower-than-expected temperatures, resulting in a 43 kW heat rejection capability vs the 50 kW design goal and the 65 kW ultimate capability of the radiator. The 43 kW heat rejection yields a mass/heat rejection ratio of 0.182 kg/kWt which is good for this early state-of-the-art heat pipe radiator. An end-of-mission life specific weight of 0.154 kg/kW is apparently achievable with improvements in radiator fabrication and brazing techniques.
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: ASME PAPER 71-WA/HT-16
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Lithium-boiling potassium test loop (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Initial operations of lithium-boiling potassium Rankine cycle test loop, and operating characteristics
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: NASA-CR-84294 , JPL-TR-32-1083
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Thermionic reactor ion propulsion system /TRIPS/ - Its multi-mission capability. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The unmanned planetary exploration to be conducted in the last two decades of this century includes many higher energy missions which tax all presently available propulsion systems beyond their limit. One candidate with the versatility and performance to meet these mission objectives is nuclear electric propulsion (NEP). Additionally, the NEP System is feasible in orbit raising operations with the Shuttle or Shuttle/Tug combination. A representative planetary mission is described (Uranus-Neptune flyby with probe), and geocentric performance and tradeoffs are discussed. The NEP System is described in more detail with particular emphasis on the power subsystem consisting of the thermionic reactor, heat rejection subsystem, and neutron shield.
    Keywords: SPACE VEHICLES
    Type: AIAA PAPER 72-1060 , Joint Propulsion Specialist Conference; Nov 29, 1972 - Dec 01, 1972; New Orleans, LA; US
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Design and testing a high fuel volume fraction, externally finned, thermionic emitter. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A prototypical, high fuel volume fraction, thermionic emitter body was designed and tested. The emitter body is all tungsten, with a 1.40-cm ID, a 3.23-cm OD, and eight full-length axial fins. The emitter thickness is 0.15 cm while the fins and outer clad are 0.075 cm thick. Different methods of fabrication were used in making the test samples. Stress analysis was performed with a three-dimensional elastic code. Thermal testing of the samples, duplicating calculated radial temperature gradients, heatup and cooldown rates, and emitter body temperatures in operation, was performed with no structural failures noted (six heatup and cooldown cycles per sample). Further emitter analysis and testing is planned.
    Keywords: AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
    Type: Annual Thermionic Conversion Specialist Conference; Oct 04, 1971 - Oct 06, 1971; San Diego, CA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Advanced design concepts in nuclear electric propulsion (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Conceptual designs of the nuclear propulsion programs are reported. Major areas of investigation were (1) design efforts on spacecraft configuration and heat rejection subsystem, (2) high-voltage thermionic reactor concepts, and (3) dual-mode spacecraft configuration study.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-139635 , JPL-TM-33-664
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Nuclear electric propulsion stage requirements and description (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The application of a nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) stage in the exploration of near-earth, cometary, and planetary space was discussed. The NEP stage is powered by a liquid-metal-cooled, fast spectrum thermionic reactor capable of providing 120 kWe for 20,000 hours. This power is used to drive a number of mercury ion bombardment thrusters with specific impulse in the range of 4000-5000 seconds. The NEP description, characteristics, and functional requirements are discussed. These requirements are based on a set of five coordinate missions, which are described in detail. These five missions are a representative part of a larger set of missions used as a basic for an advanced propulsion comparison study. Additionally, the NEP stage development plan and test program is outlined and a schedule presented.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-139636 , JPL-TM-33-647
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    High temperature solar thermal technology (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Some advanced technology concepts under development for high-temperature solar thermal energy systems to achieve significant energy cost reductions and performance gains and thus promote the application of solar thermal power technology are presented. Consideration is given to the objectives, current efforts and recent test and analysis results in the development of high-temperature (950-1650 C) ceramic receivers, thermal storage module checker stoves, and the use of reversible chemical reactions to transport collected solar energy. It is pointed out that the analysis and testing of such components will accelerate the commercial deployment of solar energy.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: ASME PAPER 80-WA/SOL-20 , Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Nov 16, 1980 - Nov 21, 1980; Chicago, IL
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Design of an external-fueled thermionic diode for in-pile testing. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Description of an external-fueled thermionic diode suitable for in-pile testing in a research reactor. The active electrode area is 94 sq cm. The 10-in. long, 1.5-in.-OD emitter body is tungsten 2% thoria. The fuel is contained in six 0.4-in.-diam holes equally spaced about the 0.5-in. central emitter hole. The collector is niobium-1% zirconium. The expected diode performance is 6 W/sq cm at 2000 K. In addition to following the constraints imposed by the in-pile testing and the electrically heated performance mapping prior to insertion in-pile, the diode will have end configurations prototypical of those anticipated for a flow-through, NaK-cooled, external-fuel thermionic reactor.
    Keywords: AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
    Type: Annual Thermionic Conversion Specialist Conference; Oct 04, 1971 - Oct 06, 1971; San Diego, CA
    Format: text
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