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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identifying factors affecting plantation performance in boreal forests of Ontario (1988)
    Springer
    New forests 2 (1988), S. 73-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: forest regeneration evaluation ; regression ; mixed models ; categorical variables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plantation data from northern Ontario were subjected to stepwise regression analysis to express survival and total height as functions of site factors, planting stock characteristics and age for each of black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.), white spruce (P. glauca [Moench] Voss) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.). Total height and height increment were affected more significantly, but by fewer factors, than survival. Black spruce survival was the most heterogeneous variable, as six factors accounted for 55.6% of its variability. Between one and five qualitative site factors (represented by dummy variables) accounted for less than 23% and 30%, respectively, of the variability in survival rate and total height. Stock type, planting season, weed control and chemical site preparation showed low but significant correlations with the response variables. Quality index was significant in every case, while shoot:root ratio, root collar diameter and dry weight were significant in some cases. The single most significant variable was plantation age, accounting for up to 30% and 63%, respectively, of the variability in survival rate and total height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027760
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economic evaluation of forest drainage and fertilization in northern Ontario peatlands with an investment decision model (1988)
    Springer
    New forests 2 (1988), S. 145-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: economic evaluation ; simulation modeling ; subjective probability distribution ; economic feasibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Drainage and fertilization of an existing peatland black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) stand and 24 possible methods of planting a clear-cut area near Cochrane, Ontario were evaluated by means of a recently developed forestry investment decision model, “FIDME”. Results indicate that, on the basis of the cost estimates used and assumptions made, drainage of the existing stand is the most economical treatment if it can reduce the rotation age by 30 years or more. Drainage combined with fertilization is the second best alternative if this treatment can reduce the rotation age by 40 years or more. Fertilization of the undrained site ranks a distant third, and then only if it reduces the rotation age by 10 years; otherwise, it will be uneconomical to apply. In the case of the clear-cut area, planting bare-root stock on a mechanically prepared but undrained site without weed control ranked first among the 24 alternatives considered; the same treatment, but with weed control included, ranked second. Planting containerized seedlings on a mechanically prepared but undrained site with weed control ranked third, followed by planting bare-root stock on a mechanically prepared and drained site with weed control. In contrast, planting containerized seedlings on an unprepared site and with no weed control ranked as the least cost-effective method considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029985
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composite site-productivity functions for Northeastern Ontario black spruce (1991)
    Springer
    New forests 5 (1991), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: ecological site index ; FEC-based site-index formula ; logistic model ; mixed site-productivity function ; site evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Data from 122 northeastern Ontario plots were used to develop composite site-productivity functions for black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.). A logistic model produced the best fit to the data. The resulting equations produce sets of polymorphic site-productivity curves with subsets of three curves, one for each of Ontario's Forest Ecosystem Classification Operational Groups (FEC OGs) 11, 12 and 14. For direct estimates of site productivity, site index was expressed as a function of stand height, age and FEC OG by employing the reciprocal of the logistic model. Application of the resulting equations and tables is demonstrated in an example. The procedures employed may be used to develop ecologically based site-productivity functions for other areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037546
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  • 4
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    Spatial Pattern of Trees in the Major Forest Types of Northern Ontario (1974)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974-03-01
    Description: This paper describes the spatial pattern, expressed by Pielou's nonrandomness index, of trees within 13 sampled tracts from the major forest types of northern Ontario. Results indicate that: (a) the majority of natural coniferous or mixedwood stands have highly clustered patterns; (b) hardwood stands or the hardwood component of the mixedwood stands show nearly 'random' spatial patterns; and (c) uniform spacing in natural stands is very rare. Results also indicate that spatial patterns vary considerably during stand development for the various species group – size class combinations within a stand and between different forest types. The importance of spatial pattern and stand population dynamics is pointed out with regard to growth simulation modelling and mechanized harvesting and thinning studies.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 5
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    Application of the Kalman filter model in site index equation construction (1994)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-07-01
    Description: Extension of the Richards biological growth function has been applied extensively to describe height growth patterns or to develop site index equations. We introduce a linear filter model to achieve the same goals. Although derivation of the filter model involves more computation, it compares well with the Richards growth model in accuracy when applied to a black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P) stem analysis data set from northern Ontario. The main advantage of the filter model, however, is that it can be used as a base-age invariant site index model.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 6
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    Estimation of Pielou's Nonrandomness Index in Conjunction with Large-scale Aerial Photo Cruising (1973)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973-06-01
    Description: Simple procedures are proposed for estimating Pielou's nonrandomness index in conjunction with large-scale aerial photo cruising. Such indices were calculated on crown maps of 48-acre (19.2-ha) tracts, one in each of the five major forest types of the Pacific northwest. Density figures were obtained both by complete enumeration and by the Bitterlich point sampling. Pielou's indices ranged from 1.139 to 1.713 and indicated significant clustering in four of the forest stand types studied. Point sampling produced very accurate density estimates and is recommended in conjunction with Pielou's nonrandomness index.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 7
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    Distance methods and density estimators (1986)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-01
    Description: The relative performance of five distance–density estimators was evaluated for the n-tree circular, semicircular, and strip plots on several simulated and natural tree populations. Results indicate that for the n-tree circular plot, the ratio estimator performed very well for most populations examined and for n 〉 10. The performance of both the maximum likelihood and first moment estimators was affected to a great degree by the spatial pattern of the populations, but they performed satisfactorily for the random and uniform populations and for large n values (i.e., n 〉 10). Smaltschinski's estimator resulted in nearly bias-free estimates for nonaggregated populations and for all n, but performed poorly otherwise. The generalized Prodan estimator performed well for the random population, but overestimated the density otherwise. The relative performance of all estimators for the n-tree semicircular plot was quite similar to that of estimators for the n-tree circular plot, except that the former tended to produce lower density estimates. For n-tree strip plots, the generalized Prodan and the ratio estimator performed very well for the nonaggregated populations and for n 〉 10. All other estimators resulted in density estimates lower than those for n-tree circular and semicircular plots.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 8
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    A Monte Carlo Test of Holgate's New Randomness Tests (1972)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-06-01
    Description: The performance of Holgate's mean ratio and correlation tests was intensively evaluated on five 48-acre forest tracts and four computer-redistributed populations with specified spatial distribution patterns generated from each tract. These two test statistics were calculated for all possible combinations of distances to the sth and tth (s 
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 9
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    Observations on Spatial Distribution and the Relative Precision of Systematic Sampling (1971)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-12-01
    Description: In this paper, several observations are presented to point out the behavior of systematic sampling in forest inventory. A brief literature review and the results of empirical studies indicate that the relative precision of two-dimensional systematic sampling for a given forest stand varies with the variable of interest, spatial distribution of trees, plot size, and sampling intensity. More specifically, results of this study indicate that systematic sampling performs better than or as well as simple random procedures for clustered or near-randomly distributed forest populations for tree frequency estimation. For uniformly spaced populations such as plantations, however, simple random sampling should be most precise for tree frequency estimation. With basal area, results were less clear but considering this study plus others reported in the literature, systematic sampling should usually perform as well as or better than simple random procedures for most tree populations.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 10
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    Analyses of a Forest Drainage Experiment in Northern Ontario. I: Growth Analysis (1973)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973-09-01
    Description: This paper presents a growth analysis of a forest drainage experiment carried out over 40 years in northern Ontario. It is based on remeasurement data obtained in 1969 from 38 growth plots established following drainage in 1929 and from increment cores and sectioned trees.Results indicate that both annual tree diameter and height growth increased significantly after draining; that tree growth before draining was related to site quality only, while after draining it was related also to tree vigor and distance of water flow from the nearest ditch; that both stand diameter and height growth were related to site index, stand age, and initial stocking; and that stand basal area and volume growth were, in addition, related to a product sine function of distance of water flow from the ditch, peat moisture, decomposition, and depth.Both individual tree and stand growth responded well to draining, with younger and more vigorous trees that were growing on better-quality sites showing the greatest response. For a given site, growth response was not greatest for trees and stands nearest the ditch, but for those some distance away.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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