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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silicon/Silicon Carbide Composites Fabricated by Infiltration of a Silicon Melt into Charcoal (1999)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dense Si/SiC composites were fabricated via a conventional reaction-bonding process, using oak charcoal that exhibited a honeycomb structure. The silicon melt was infiltrated into the porous oak charcoal (density of ~0.6 g/cm3) while the sample was heated to 1700°C under vacuum (10-3 torr (~0.133 Pa)), which resulted in in situ silicon-fiber/SiC composites. The reaction product had an average density of 2.8 g/cm3 and showed three-point flexural strengths of 330 MPa at room temperature and 280 MPa at 1300°C. Good oxidation resistance also was observed at temperatures up to 1300°C in flowing air. This process provided excellent shape-making capability, because the charcoal that was used as a preform was readily machinable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb02234.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonequiaxial Grain Growth and Polytype Transformation of Sintered α-Silicon Carbide and β-Silicon Carbide (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: α(6H)- and β(3C)-SiC powders were sintered with the addition of AlB2 and carbon. α-SiC powder could be densified to ∼98% of the theoretical density over a wide range of temperatures from 1900° to 2150°C and with the additives of 0.67–2.7 mass% of AlB2 and 2.0 mass% of carbon. Sintering of the β-SiC powder required a temperature of 〉2000°C for densification with these additives. Grains in the α-SiC specimens grew gradually from spherical-shaped to plate-shaped grains at 2000°C; the 6H polytype transformed mainly to 4H. On the other hand, grains in the β-SiC largely grew at 〉2000°C; the 3C polytype transformed to 4H, 6H, and 15R. The stacking faults introduced in grains were denser in β-SiC than in α-SiC. The rapid grain growth in the β-SiC specimen was attributed to polytype transformation from the unstable 3C polytype at the sintering temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03638.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economic spaces in the Pacific Rim: A paradigm shift and new dynamics (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Papers in regional science 82 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. The major purpose of this article is to examine new dynamics in the economic spaces in the Pacific Rim with regard to the recent transition of the techno-economic paradigm. The logic of the new dynamics is related to the importance of regions or places in the space of flows and in the creation and transfer of knowledge in the Internet era. It is clear that most of the flows are directional and are grounded in physical places via material flows and social relations. Place becomes even more important in the era of the digital economy, due to the need for spatial proximity in the transfer of tacit knowledge. Three major patterns can be identified. First, innovation centers and knowledge-intensive service centers have been newly developed in the Asian Pacific Rim. Second, regional innovation systems are emerging in some of the major metropolitan areas of this part of the world, while diverse types of regional innovation systems have been developed with the restructuring of existing innovation centers and newly emerging innovation clusters. Third, diverse city regions have been developed and interactions between both sides of the Pacific Rim will be strengthened through business networks and innovation networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.2003.tb00012.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional issues in the Pacific Rim (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Papers in regional science 79 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. The economic space of the Pacific Rim, which is complex and dynamic, is now undergoing restructuring for survival and subsequent regional integration. This research note suggests four emerging regional issues which will be important for regional scientists in the Pacific Rim in the 21st century. They are: 1) the role of global finance in the regional and national economy in reshaping the space economy and city regions in the Pacific Rim; 2) formation of inter-firm networks and inter-city networks; 3) regional innovation systems and regional growth in the Pacific Rim; and 4) emergence of the knowledge-based economy and new industrialization. In this dynamic and complex process of change in the Pacific Rim, an active role of regional scientists is required with respect to creative research on regional analysis, reappraisal of the region, development of new methodology and theory of regional growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.2000.tb00775.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of cytochrome c6 from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis at 1.57 Å resolution (2000)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 1577-1582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of cytochrome c6 from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis has been determined at 1.57 Å resolution. The crystal is tetragonal and belongs to space group P43212, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 49.26 (3), c = 83.45 (4) Å and one molecule per asymmetric unit. The structure was solved by the molecular-replacement method and refined with X-PLOR to an R factor of 19.9% and a free R factor of 25.4%. The overall structure of cytochrome c6 follows the topology of class I c-type cytochromes in which the heme prosthetic group covalently binds to Cys14 and Cys17, and the iron has an octahedral coordination with His18 and Met58 as the axial ligands. The sequence and the structure of the eukaryotic red algal cytochrome c6 are very similar to those of a prokaryotic cyanobacterial cytochrome c6 rather than those of eukaryotic green algal c6 cytochromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S090744490001461X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the light-harvesting protein phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 1326-1328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus is reported. Phycocyanin is composed of α- and β-subunits consisting of 162 and 172 amino-acid residues, respectively. These associate to form an αβ heterodimer, which further associates to give a ring-shaped trimer (αβ)3. Two trimers bind head-to-head to form a hexamer (αβ)6. Phycocyanin crystals have been obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method with a precipitant solution containing 30%(w/v) PEG 4000 and 100 mM MES pH 7.5–8.0. Using synchrotron radiation, the crystals diffract to 2.0 Å resolution. They belong to the trigonal space group R32, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 186.75 (3), c = 59.75 (4) Å, α = β = 90, γ = 120°. Assuming that the crystallographic triad is identical to the threefold axis of the hexamer and with three (αβ)6 molecules in a unit cell, the calculated molar volume (VM) is 2.64 Å3 Da−1. This value corresponds to a solvent content of approximately 53%, with one αβ heterodimer occupying the asymmetric unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444901011969
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structures of the deoxy and CO forms of haemoglobin from Dasyatis akajei, a cartilaginous fish (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 1291-1300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The three-dimensional structures of the deoxy- and carbonmonoxyhaemoglobin (Hb) from Dasyatis akajei, a stingray, have been determined at 1.6 and 1.9 Å resolution, respectively. This is one of the most distantly related vertebrate Hbs to human HbA. Both structures resemble the respective forms of HbA, indicating that the α2β2-type tetramer and the mode of the quaternary structure change are common to Hbs of jawed vertebrates. Larger deviations between D. akajei Hb and human HbA are observed in various parts of the molecule, even in the E and F helices. Significant mutations and/or conformational changes are also observed around the haems, in the C-terminal region of the β subunit, in the α1β2 interface and in the organic phosphate-binding site of HbA. Despite these structural differences, the oxygen affinity, haem–haem interaction, Bohr effect and organic phosphate effect of D. akajei Hb are all only moderately reduced. Compared with human HbA, the overall r.m.s. deviation of main-chain atoms in the helical regions of bony fish Hbs is smaller than that of D. akajei Hb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444999005934
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a cytochrome P450 (CYP119) from Sulfolobus solfataricus (2000)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 1173-1175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: CYP119 is a cytochrome P450 with a molecular weight of 43 kDa which has been isolated from the thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. This enzyme is extremely stable to high temperature and high pressure. The first crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of CYP119 is reported here. Crystals of CYP119 were obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using a precipitant solution containing 20%(w/v) PEG 4000 and 0.2 M sodium thiocyanate at pH 6.4. Using synchrotron radiation, the CYP119 crystal diffracted to 1.84 Å resolution. It belongs to the tetragonal space group P43212, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 86.17 (0.07), c = 221.11 (0.04) Å, in which the numbers in parentheses describe the standard deviations. Assuming two molecules of the CYP119 per asymmetric unit, the calculated molar volume (Vm) is 2.38 Å3 Da−1. Bijvoet and dispersive anomalous difference Patterson maps show a clear peak corresponding to the haem irons. The complete crystallographically defined structure is currently in progress using MIR (multiple isomorphous replacement) and MAD (multiwavelength anomalous diffraction) techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444900008234
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the catalytic domain of human phosphodiesterase 5 with bound drug molecules (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 425 (2003), S. 98-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superfamily of enzymes that degrade the intracellular second messengers cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. As essential regulators of cyclic nucleotide signalling with diverse physiological functions, PDEs are drug targets for the treatment of various diseases, including ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01914
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of nitric oxide reductase from denitrifying fungus Fusarium oxysporum (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural biology 4 (1997), S. 827-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Structures of nitric oxide reductase (NOR) in the ferric resting and the ferrous CO states have been solved at 2.0 Å resolution. These structures provide significant new insights into how NO is reduced in biological systems. The haem distal pocket is open to solvent, implicating this region ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb1097-827
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