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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 225 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A rapid method for the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from wine has been developed. This method is based on fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), using fluorescent oligonucleotide probes, homologous to 16S rDNA of those species of LAB commonly found in wines. The protocol for the specific detection of these bacteria was established through the hybridisation of 36 reference strains. The specificity of the probes was evaluated by using pure cultures. Probes were used to identify species in different wines, making it evident that direct identification and quantification from natural samples without culturing is also possible. The results show that FISH is a promising technique for the rapid identification of LAB, allowing positive identification in a few hours (4–16 h).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 50 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. The life history and trophic basis of production of the caddisfly grazer Agapetus quadratus were studied in the torrent Gorg Blau, a spring-fed stream on the island of Majorca that dries annually during summer.2. Quantitative random samples were taken every 2–3 weeks during an annual surficial flow period, from November 2000 to mid-July 2001. Instars of field-collected larvae were determined by measurements of head width and pronotum length, and the sex of all pupae was determined to study sexual dimorphism and sex ratio.3. Stage-frequency histograms suggested a trivoltine population, with an average cohort time of 4 months. Larval development was asynchronous, with continuous growth and overlapping generations. Recruitment peaks were identified in mid-November, early March and late June, indicative of winter, spring and summer generations. On average, females were larger than males and the mean sex ratio was 2 : 3 (females : males). Population densities and biomasses derived from the field data were used to calculate production and turnover rate.4. Annual production of A. quadratus in the torrent Gorg Blau (4.80 g dry mass m−2 year−1) was the highest ever reported for the genus, being comparable with that estimated for some insects with rapid development and multiple cohorts.5. Estimates of production of A. quadratus were combined with foregut content analysis to estimate the fraction of total production derived from the principal food sources: algae and organic detritus. Algae supported a major proportion of the production of this grazer.6. The low density of predators characteristic of many temporary streams, and the small amplitudes in discharge and temperature during most of the wet period that characterise the spring habitats might allow high levels of grazer production in this particular Mediterranean stream.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 135 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The streptococcal transposons Tn916 and Tn925 were transferred to several strains of Leuconostoc (Ln.) oenos using the filter mating method. The insertion of both transposons into the chromosome occurred at different sites. Transconjugants of Ln. oenos carrying Tn916 could serve as donors in mating experiments with Lactococcus lactis LM2301. Further analysis of L. lactis LM2301 transconjugants showed that the insertion of the transposon Tn916 into the chromosome was site-specific. These studies establish a basis for the initiation of genetic studies in this Leuconostoc species since there are no efficient conjugal or transformation systems previously described for this microorganism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: streams ; litter ; vertical inputs ; trap comparisons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Vertical inputs of allochthonous organic matter to streams can be estimated directly with traps; traps may be placed over the stream, in the riparian forest or at other locations in the catchment. In this study, we compared litter inputs estimated from traps located over the stream with those obtained from traps placed on the stream bank in two stretches (orders 2 and 3) of the Mera stream, with similar tree species composition and riparian forest structure. The amount of annual litter input measured with the traps on the stream was similar in the two stretches, 748 and 730 g m-2 yr-1, for orders 2 and 3, respectively. However, there appeared to be differences in the composition of litter; a lower percentage of leaves and a higher percentage of wood was found in the stretch of order 3 than in the stretch of order 2. In both sites, the mean input measured under the riparian forest was lower than the input recorded with the traps placed over the stream by approximately 10%. In relation to the traps located over the stream, the traps located on the bank overestimated the input from adjacent terrestrial tree species and, therefore, underestimated the input from riparian species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 344 (1997), S. 111-128 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: chalkstreams ; mesohabitats ; macroinvertebrates ; species assemblages ; indicators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eight mesohabitats, visually distinct units of habitat withinthestream, were sampled seasonally in a lowland chalkstreamreach. Theaim of the study was to test if mesohabitats defined asstructuralunits were inhabited by particular species assemblages and howthese varied with season. Classification (Bray-Curtisdissimilarityindex and UPGMA) and ordination analyses (DCA) of thedistributionof 258 species in 230 samples, were first used to check theagreement between the subjectively-selected mesohabitat andtheirassociated faunal assemblages. There was a goodcorrespondence, andmesohabitat samples were grouped into 5 major groups (Ranunculusin spring, silt, sand, gravel and macrophytes)whichwere further sub-divided to give a total of 11 groups whenseasonaldifferences were considered. Spearman rank correlation betweenthespatial distribution of mesohabitat groups with environmentalvariables revealed that water velocity and flow dynamicstogetherwith the nature of the substratum, influenced the distributionofthe benthic communities. To evaluate qualitative andquantitativedifferences in taxa composition among mesohabitats,informationstatistics tests and analyses of variance were used incombinationwith the Tukey honestly significant difference test. The 11groupswere characterised by abundance and frequency indicatorspecies.Inverse analysis of dominant species of the community showed agoodequivalence with mesohabitat groups and their indicatorspeciesobtained by direct analysis. The resulting species assemblagesrepresent faunal adaptation to the particular mesohabitats inrelation to natural environmental fluctuations. Themesohabitatscale provides a convenient structural ecological unit toexaminethe functional dynamics of faunal communities inrivers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 737-739 
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Continuous culture ; Leuconostoc oenos ; malolactic fermentation ; Oenococcus oeni ; red wine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Malolactic fermentation (MLF) of wine in continuous culture was obtained by using Oenococcus oeni (formerly Leuconostoc oenos). The maximum malic acid degradation in our bioreactor system was reached at a dilution rate of 0.016 h−1, and 92–95% of the malic acid (3.9–4.0 g/l) was converted to lactic acid and CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 16 (2000), S. 805-810 
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria ; Leuconostoc oenos ; malic acid ; malolactic fermentation ; wine production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Five strains of Oenococcus oeni (syn. Leuconostoc oenos) under non-proliferating conditions were assessed for the performance of the malolactic fermentation in wine at various initial pH values, malic acid concentration and densities of cells. We succeeded in inducing the malolactic fermentation after inoculation of high densities of O. oeni G6 even in recalcitrant wines where the traditional malolactic fermentation was inhibited by adverse environmental conditions (low pH and high concentration of malic acid). Optimal degrading conditions in wine, under different physico-chemical environments, were determined in order to achieve rapid depletion of malic acid in red wine. Off-odour compounds were not formed under these conditions, suggesting an attractive alternative for wine production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-04-03
    Description: Lignin is an abundant and recalcitrant component of plant cell walls. While lignin degradation in nature is typically attributed to fungi, growing evidence suggests that bacteria also catabolize this complex biopolymer. However, the spatiotemporal mechanisms for lignin catabolism remain unclear. Improved understanding of this biological process would aid in our collective knowledge of both carbon cycling and microbial strategies to valorize lignin to value-added compounds. Here, we examine lignin modifications and the exoproteome of three aromatic–catabolic bacteria: Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Rhodoccocus jostii RHA1, and Amycolatopsis sp. ATCC 39116. P. putida cultivation in lignin-rich media is characterized by an abundant exoproteome that is dynamically and selectively packaged into outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Interestingly, many enzymes known to exhibit activity toward lignin-derived aromatic compounds are enriched in OMVs from early to late stationary phase, corresponding to the shift from bioavailable carbon to oligomeric lignin as a carbon source. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that enzymes contained in the OMVs are active and catabolize aromatic compounds. Taken together, this work supports OMV-mediated catabolism of lignin-derived aromatic compounds as an extracellular strategy for nutrient acquisition by soil bacteria and suggests that OMVs could potentially be useful tools for synthetic biology and biotechnological applications.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-09-06
    Print ISSN: 0277-5212
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-6246
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2015-01-14
    Print ISSN: 1420-682X
    Electronic ISSN: 1420-9071
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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