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  • 1
    Call number: M 15.89279
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: IX, 154 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 1 CD-ROM (12 cm) , 28 cm
    ISBN: 9780660197982 , 0660197987
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 17 (1969), S. 898-899 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 28 (1963), S. 2294-2298 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 28 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Hypoxia can stimulate the development of a suberized exodermis in aquatic plants; however, its influence on this aspect of terrestrial root development is sparsely documented. To determine the effects of hypoxia on maize (Zea mays cv. Seneca Horizon) roots, seedlings were grown in vermiculite (VERM), aerated hydroponics (AER), stagnant hydroponics with agar (STAG), or aerated hydroponics with agar (AERAG). The endo- and exodermis were examined for wall modifications. Lateral root emergence and aerenchyma formation were documented qualitatively. The endodermal Casparian band formation was unaffected by treatment. Endodermal and exodermal suberin lamella formation was earliest and most extensive in VERM. Suberization, especially in the exodermis of aerated treatments, was depressed in all hydroponic media. In comparison with AER, STAG exodermal lamellae were increased, but endodermal lamellae were decreased. Since the suberized exodermis forms a barrier to radial oxygen loss from roots to the medium, its stimulation in STAG roots (which also developed extensive aerenchyma) would help retain oxygen in the root. The reduction of endodermal lamellae should facilitate oxygen diffusion into the stele. Clearly, the response to environmental conditions is variable within individual cortical cell layers. Additionally, the observed patterns of lamellae, aerenchyma and lateral root development indicate a tight radial co-ordination of root development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 8 (1943), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 72 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The roots of many angiosperm species possess two Casparian bands, one in the endodermis and one in the outermost layer of the cortex. Over most of the root surface in these species, ions are taken up by the epidermis and may be transported symplastically to the xylem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 97 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Passage cells frequently occur in the endodermis and exodermis but are not ubiquitous in either layer. Passage cells occur in the form of short cells in the dimorphic type of exodermis. In both layers, Casparian bands are formed in all cells, but the subsequent development of suberin lamellae and thick, cellulosic walls are delayed or absent in the passage cells. Available evidence suggests that passage cells of the endodermis are important for the transfer of calcium and magnesium into the stele and thus into the transpiration stream. They become the only cells which present a plasmalemma surface to the soil solution (and are thus capable of ion uptake) when the epidermis and central cortex die. This occurs naturally in some herbaceous and woody species and is known to be promoted by drought. Most evidence indicates that the development of suberin lamellae in both the endodermis and exodermis increases the resistance of the root to the radial flow of water. Passage cells thus provide areas of low resistance for the movement of water, and the position of these cells in the endodermis (i.e., in close proximity to the xylem) is explained in terms of function. Exodermal passage cells have a cytoplasmic structure suggesting an active role in ion uptake. This may be related to the tendency of the epidermis to die, leaving the passage cells as the only ones with their membranes exposed to the soil solution. Passage cells in the exodermis attract endomycorrhizal fungi while those in the endodermis do not. It is clear that passage cells of the endodermis and exodermis play a variety of roles in the plant root system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 92 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bulbs of Allium cepa L., which had developed short, adventitious roots, were transferred to various conditions, i.e. vermiculite watered to saturation, vermiculite watered to half saturation, immersed in hydroculture, and immersed in hydroculture except for the proximal 20 mm which was continuously exposed to air. The development of the exodermis occurred in a patchy fashion in many roots but was not influenced by the growing conditions. The vitality of the epidermis declined under all conditions, the rate of decline being inversely related to the ambient moisture level. The differences between the treatments were most evident at the oldest region sampled (120 mm from the root tip) where 4% of the epidermal cells were dead in roots grown in hydroponics. This compared with 62% dead cells in saturated vermiculite, 78% in half-saturated vermiculite and 92% in roots exposed to air. Death of the epidermal cells was not accelerated by the maturation of the underlying exodermis. Epidermal cells which did not overlie a short cell of the exodermis (i.e. were only in contact with long cells) died earlier than the others: this trend was evident even prior to the maturation of the exodermis. These results suggest that the epidermal cells are not well connected symplasmically to the long cells or to the neighbouring epidermal cells. The large majority of epidermal cells (98% of the total) were in contact with a short cell of the exodermis. These epidermal cells tended to die off slowly, even under very favourable ambient conditions. Since these cells provide the major site for ion uptake in roots with a mature exodermis. their death may reduce the efficiency of the root for this activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Casparian band ; Endodermis ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Root pressure ; Wound reaction ; Zea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The main barriers to the movement of water and ions in young roots of Zea mays were located by observing the effects of wounding various cell layers of the cortex on the roots' hydraulic conductivities and root pressures. These parameters were measured with a root pressure probe. Injury to the epidermis and cortex caused no significant change in hydraulic conductivity and either no change or a slight decline in root pressure. Injury to a small area of the endodermis did not change the hydraulic conductivity but caused an immediate and substantial drop in root pressure. When large areas of epidermis and cortex were removed (15–38% of total root mass), the endodermis was always injured and root pressure fell. The hydraulic conductance of the root increased but only by a factor of 1.2–2.7. The results indicate that the endodermis is the main barrier to the radial movement of ions but not water. The major barrier to water is the membranes and apoplast of all the living tissue. These conclusions were drawn from experiments in which hydrostatic-pressure differences were used to induce water flows across young maize roots which had an immature exodermis and an endodermis with Casparian bands but no suberin lamellae or secondary walls. The different reactions of water and ions to the endodermis can be explained by the huge difference in the permeability of membranes to these substances. A hydrophobic wall barrier such as the Casparian band should have little effect on the movement of water, which permeates membranes and, perhaps, also the Casparian bands easily. However, hydrophobic wall depositions largely prevent the movement of ions. Several hours after wounding the endodermis, root pressure recovered to some extent in most of the experiments, indicating that the wound in the endodermis had been partially healed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 182 (1990), S. 583-590 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Dahlia ; Fluorescein translocation ; Phloem anastomoses (function) ; Sieve tube (structure) ; Translocation (fluorescein) ; Wound phloem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of phloem anastomoses in translocation was studied experimentally in intact and wounded internodes ofDahlia pinnata Cav. Translocation was visualized with fluorescein, a fluorescent dye capable of movement in the phloem. Translocation was analyzed in large areas of living phloem tissue which were peeled from the xylem at the cambium region. Under normal conditions, fluorescein was observed in sieve tubes of the longitudinal phloem strands but very rarely in the sieve tubes of the anastomoses. However, when a few longitudinal strands were severed, fluorescein was translocated through the anastomoses located around the wound within 24 h. It is suggested that the phloem anastomoses in mature internodes ofDahlia serve mainly as an emergency system which enable a fast response to damage by providing alternative pathways for assimilates around the stem. A possible regulatory mechanism based on differences in resistance to flow in longitudinal versus lateral sieve tubes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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