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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient expression of the β-glucuronidase gene introduced into barley coleoptile cells by microinjection (1990)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 9 (1990), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A β-glucuronidase gene was introduced directly into barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Kobinkatagi) coleoptile cells by microinjection and transient expression of the gene was examined. Inner epidermis tissue of coleoptiles was excised and injected with plasmid DNA, pBI221, carrying cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, β-glucuronidase gene, and a nopaline synthase polyadenylation region. Histochemical assay for β-glucuronidase production showed positive enzyme activity only in coleoptile cells injected with plasmid DNA. Expression of the β-glucuronidase gene was examined chronologically using honogenates of injected coleoptile tissues. Glucuronidase activity first appeared after 6 hr, reached the maximum level 24 hr after injection, and decreased afterwards. These results suggest that microinjection of coleoptile tissues may be a useful approach for the genetic engineering of Gramineae plants in which protoplast regeneration is difficult.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232855
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of the powdery mildew pathogen by chitinase microinjected into barley coleoptile epidermal cells (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 10 (1991), S. 217-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An exogenous chitinase from Streptomyces griseus was introduced into coleoptile epidermal cells of barley (Hordeum vulgare) by microinjection, and the effect of injected chitinase on the growth or development of the powdery mildew pathogen (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei) was examined. Prior to microinjection, an enzymatic degradation of fungal haustorium, the organ taking nutrients from host plant cells, was examined by treating fixed coleoptile epidermis harboring haustoria with this enzyme. The result showed that haustoria were effectively digested by chitinase, suggesting the effectiveness of chitinase treatment for suppressing the fungal development. Microinjection of chitinase was conducted using living coleoptile tissues inoculated with the pathogen. Epidermal cells in which the haustorial primordia had been formed, or in which the haustoria had matured, were selected as targets for injection. The result clearly indicated that injection at the stage of primordium formation was effective in completely digesting haustoria and suppressing the subsequent formation of secondary hyphae of the pathogen. In microinjection after haustorial maturation, hyphal elongation was considerably suppressed though there was no detectable morphological change in the haustoria. Thus, the present study provides the experimental basis for genetically manipulating barley to produce transgenic plants resistant to the powdery mildew disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232561
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection for Fusarium wilt disease resistance from regenerants derived from leaf callus of strawberry (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 10 (1991), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Resistant lines of strawberry to the fungal wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae were selected strawberry plants regenerated from leaf-derived callus tissues. Regenerants were transplanted to a field heavily infested with this pathogen, and normally growing plants were selected as the putative resistant lines. Daughter plants produced vegetatively through runner formation of the lines were similarly tested in the pathogen-infested field over an additional three generations. Finally, two resistant lines were obtained from a total of 1,225 regenerants. The stable propagation of disease resistance in these lines was confirmed by directly inoculating the daughter plants with the pathogen and planting in a pathogen-infested soil. All of the control plants were efficiently infected and died within one month. The isolated plant lines grew and developed runners even after direct inoculation and produced daughter plants in this soil. Thus, the present study demonstrated the existence of somaclonal variation for disease resistance against a soil-borne fngal pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234287
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intranuclear microinjection for transformation of tomato callus cells (1988)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1988), S. 293-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An efficient method, called the culture plate method, was devised for microinjection of foreign materials into nuclei of tomato callus cells. The culture plate method, used in this study, is advantageous because cells suitable for microinjection can be selected microscopically and the injected cells subsequently cultured in the same plate. With this microinjection system, some foreign materials were injected into nuclei of callus cells without causing detrimental effects. Kanamycin-resistant callus clones were obtained 1 month after injection from single cells whose nuclei were microinjected with a NPT II DNA fragment of the pE2KX plasmid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269921
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of bacterial wilt-resistant tomato through tissue culture (1989)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 8 (1989), S. 317-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial wilt-resistant plants were obtained using a tomato tissue culture system. A virulent strain ofPseudomonas solanacearum secreted some toxic substances into the culture medium. Leaf explant-derived callus tissues which were resistant to these toxic substances in the culture filtrate were selectedin vitro and regenerated into plants. These plants expressed bacterial wilt resistance at the early infection stage to suppress or delay the growth of the inoculated bacteria. On the other hand, complete resistance was obtained in self-pollinated progeny of regenerants derived from non-selected callus tissues. These plants showed a high resistance when inoculated with this strain, and were also resistant when planted in a field infested with a different strain of the pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716663
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco callus tissues and in vitro selection for viral disease resistance (1989)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 8 (1989), S. 433-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Tobacco mosaic virus-resistant tobacco was selected in vitro using callus tissues induced from axillary buds of systemically infected tobacco plants. Callus lines in which the virus was continuously multiplying were first isolated and redifferentiated into shoots. By the procedure, non-diseased, healthy shoots were successfully isolated from diseased shoots, which showed typical mosaic symptoms of the virus, and regenerated into intact plants. These regenerated plants showed resistance to virus inoculation, and selfed progeny of virus-resistant regenerants segregated the resistance and susceptibility according to the Mendelian system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269042
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis ofCochliobolus heterostrophus polyoxin-resistant mutants (1998)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 39 (1998), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Bipolaris maydis ; Cochliobolus heterostrophus ; drug resistance ; mutant ; polyoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nine polyoxin-resistant mutants ofCochliobolus heterostrophus were isolated after ethyl methanesulphonate mutagenesis. All were highly resistant to polyoxin (MIC≥1,600 ppm). Crosses between the mutants and a wild-type strain revealed that the resistance trait was inherited to the offsprings in different fashions. Four of the mutant strains inherited polyoxin resistance in a 1∶1 segregation ratio, indicating that the phenotypes in these strains were due to alteration at a single locus. Allelism tests revealed four new loci,Pol1, Pol2, Pol3 andPol4, for polyoxin resistance in these mutant strains. The genes responsible for the phenotypes of the other five mutant strains were not determined, because of extremely slow growth of progenies in one cross, sterility in another cross, and inexplicable responses to polyoxin of the progenies in the other crosses. No linkage was detected between the genes for polyoxin resistance and mating type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02464053
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A PCR-based method for mating type determination inCochliobolus heterostrophus (1997)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 38 (1997), S. 455-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Cochliobolus heterostrophus ; mating type ; polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A rapid and accurate method based on multiplex PCR using three different primers was developed for determining mating type inCochliobolus heterostrophus. The primers of MAT113 and MAT123 were uniquely derived fromMAT1-1 andMAT1-2, respectively, and the primer MATcon5 is conserved in the flanking regions of the idiomorphs. The amplification product was estimated to be 702 bp (MAT1-1) or 547 bp (MAT1-2). Crossing experiments confirmed the accuracy of this method, which requires less time than the conventional determination of mating type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461689
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Monitoring of hrpB-disrupted Mutant of Ralstonia solanacearum in Tomato Plants (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of general plant pathology 66 (2000), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1610-739X
    Keywords: Keywords: Ralstonia solanacearum, transposon insertion mutagenesis, molecular monitoring, pUCD623, Tn4431.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A nonpathogenic mutant of Ralstonia solanacearum was produced by the insertion of transposon Tn4431. The mutagenized gene was then cloned from a genomic DNA library by the gene tagging method, using the labeled lux operon located on Tn4431 of pUCD623 as a hybridization probe. From nucleotide sequence analysis of the transposon-inserted genomic clone, the hrpB gene was shown to be disrupted by the inserted transposon. Tomato plants were inoculated with the hrpB-disrupted mutant bacteria, for which multiplication and translocation were then monitored using the colony hybridization method. In addition, the original pathogenic bacteria in which the lux operon had been functionally ligated with the genomic promoter were also used for inoculation and traced by their bioluminescence. Multiplication of the hrpB-disrupted mutant was suppressed initially in the invaded root tissues and then in upper hypocotyl after translocation, suggesting that the pathogenic strain of R. solanacearum overcomes at least two steps of host responses expressed in root and hypocotyl tissues. Thus, our approach for molecular monitoring of the bacteria enabled us to precisely analyze the infection behavior of the pathogenic bacteria in planta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012921
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of the metabolic system of Helminthosporium blight fungus in relation to the host-parasite interaction (1965)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 26 (1965), S. 31-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02098588
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