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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 80 (1976), S. 1456-1461 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 80 (1976), S. 2716-2716 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Diallyl phthalate(DAP) was co-cured with vinyl monomers having long-chain alkyl groups, including vinyl laurate(VL), dioctyl fumarate(DOF), lauryl methacrylate(LMA), and stearyl methacrylate(SMA) with the intention of the improvement in mechanical properties of commercially important DAP resins. Thus the elongation and fracture energy increased with an increase in the mole fraction of comonomers and their extents were enlarged in the order VL 〈 DOF 〈 LMA 〈 SMA, although a reverse tendency was observed for the tensile strength; in particular, LMA and SMA as comonomers showed a remarkable effect. These results are discussed in detail by considering the copolymerizability of DAP with comonomers and, moreover, the formation of microgel in microheterogeneous copolymerization systems.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary For the purpose of elucidating copolymerizability of ethylene glycol bis(methyl fumarate), a new multifunctional monomer, its free-radical Copolymerization with N-vinylcarbazole has been studied. The results show that free-radical Copolymerization of ethylene glycol bis(methyl fumarate) with N-vinylcarbazole produces soluble copolymers at low conversions, the compositions of which vary from 1∶1 to increasingly VCZ rich (below 2.0) with an increase in the VCZ content in the monomer feed. It is suggested that 1∶1 alternating Copolymerization proceeds and that cyclo-propagation becomes predominant when the monomer feed composition becomes rich in VCZ. Gelation occurs at relatively high conversions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of radical-initiated cyclopolymerization of methyl 2-methylallyl fumarate (MMAF) was investigated and compared with the polymerization results of allyl methyl fumarate (AMF). In the former, the extent of cyclization and five-membered ring formation were enhanced. The cyclization constants KA and KV, the ratio of the rate constant of the unimolecular cyclization reaction to that of the bimolecular propagation reaction of the uncyclized 2-methylallylic and fumaric radicals, were estimated to be 3,1 and 3,0 mol · dm-3, respectively. On the basis of these results the formation mode and the sequence distribution of the structural units of the polymer produced are discussed in detail; the low probability for fumaric vinyl addition and high probability for the succession of cyclic structures are calculated for poly(MMAF) as opposed to those of poly(AMF). The cyclopolymerizability and five-membered ring formation are enhanced at elevated temperature. These results are discussed from the standpoint of the steric effect on cyclopolymerizability.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Radikalische Copolymerisationen von Diallylphthalat (DAP), Diallylisophthalat (DAI) und Diallylterephthalat (DAT) mit Methylallylbenzoat (MABz) wurden in Substanz bei 60°C mit Benzoylperoxid als Initiator durchgeführt.Bei der Copolymerisation von DAP mit MABz nahm die Zahl der verbleibenden Doppelbindungen mit zunehmendem Molenbruch von MABz im Monomeransatz ab, für DAT war sie fast konstant, unabhängig vom molaren Verhältnis der Monomeren. DAT neigte dagegen zur Zunahme mit zunehmendem Molenbruch von MABz im Monomeransatz. Diese Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die verschiedenen Arten der Cyclisierung beim DAP, DAI und DAT diskutiert.Basierend auf dem Cyclopolymerisations-Mechanismus, wurden für die Reaktivitätsverhältnisse der Monomern γ1 (für das nicht cyklisierte Radical), γγ (für das cyklisierte Radikal) und γ2 (für das MABz Radikal) die folgenden Werte angenommen: DAP: 0,84; 0,61; 1,08; DAI: 0,76; 0,52; 1,06. Außerdem wurden für die Copolymerisation von DAT mit MABz die scheinbaren Copolymerisationsparameter auf Grund der allgemeinen Gleichung für die Zusammensetzung der Copolymere als γ1 = 0,79 und γ2 = 1,06 erhalten.
    Notes: Radical copolymerizations of diallyl phthalate (DAP), diallyl isophthalate (DAI), and diallyl terephthalate (DAT) with methylallyl benzoate (MABz) have been carried out in bulk at 60°C, using benzoyl peroxide as initiator.In the copolymerization of DAP with MABz the residual unsaturation of the copolymer decreased with increasing mole fraction of MABz in the feed. In the case of DAI it was nearly constant, regardless of the molar feed ratio, whereas with DAT it tended to increase with increasing mole fraction of MABz in the feed. These results were interpreted by considering the difference of the mode of cyclization in the case of DAP, DAI, and DAT.The following monomer reactivity ratios γ1 (of the uncyclized radical), γc (of the cyclized radical) and γ2 (of the MABz radical) were estimated on the basis of the cyclocopolymerization mechanism. DAP: 0,84; 0,61; 1,08; DAI: 0,76; 0,52; 1,06. For the copolymerization of DAT with MABz the apparent monomer reactivity ratios based on the general copolymer composition equation were obtained as γ1 = 0,79 and γ2 = 1,06.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 9 (1971), S. 15-26 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The gelation reaction of acetoguanamine with formaldehyde was investigated in the light of the gelation theory for tetrafunctional amino resins described in the previous paper. The gel time and extents of reaction of formaldehyde, amino groups, and imino groups varied with the molar ratio in the feed, but values of K (the ratio of the rate constant for condensation to that for addition) and k (the ratio of the rate constant for addition of the imino group to that of the amino group) were nearly constant. When the catalyst concentration was increased, the gel time, extents of reaction of each functional group, and the values of K and k varied; in particular K increased markedly. From the results of varying the molar ratio and concentration of acidic catalyst, it was found that the number of methylol groups per molecule of acetoguanamine at the gel point was influenced by the reaction conditions but the number of methylene linkages per molecular of acetoguanamine was nearly constant at about 0.6, regardless of reaction conditions. The number-average molecular weights up to the gel point varied with the reaction conditions, but at the gel point they were all nearly constant at about 385.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 2937-2946 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radical polymerization of acrylic propionic anhydride (APA) as a mono-ene counterpart of acrylic anhydride (AA) was investigated in order to obtain supporting evidence for a previously proposed mechanism based on polymerization equilibrium for the cyclopolymerization of AA. The deviation from first-order dependence of the rate of polymerization Rp on monomer concentration was enhanced by a decrease in monomer concentration. The Arrhenius plot of lnRp vs. 1/T was clearly curved in a highly dilute system. These results suggest increased significance of the depropagation reaction equilibrated with propagation under polymerization conditions favorable to five-membered ring formation in cyclopolymerization of AA. Under these conditions, the disproportionation reaction of APA became important and the liberated AA was incorporated into the polymer chain through copolymerization with APA, resulting in poly(APA-co-AA) having five-membered anhydride units.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 839-845 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the bulk polymerization of three isomeric diallyl phthalates, diallyl phthalate (DAP), diallyl isophthalate, and diallyl terephthalate (DAT), no difference in the actual gel point was substantially observed. This interesting gelation behavior is discussed in terms of the correlation between gelation and the difference in cyclization modes, and the difference in reactivity between the uncyclized and cyclized radicals for crosslinking; the nonconsecutive addition in DAT polymerization led to a delayed gelation and the cyclized radical in DAP polymerization showed an enhanced reactivity for crosslinking.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 1811-1816 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The radical polymerization of tetraallyl ammonium chloride (TAAC) was carried out in water using azo-initiator as compared to that of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC); the rate of polymerization was quite low for TAAC, around one-third of DADMAC. Kinetic discussion revealed the importance of degradative chain transfer in the polymerization of TAAC. The cyclopolymerizability of TAAC was estimated kinetically as the ability of 5-membered monocyclic radical to form a bicyclic ring, giving the cyclization constant of 21 mol/L at [M] = 2 mol/L. Gelation occurred at around 20% conversion.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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