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  • 1
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    Direct evidence for human reliance on rainforest resources in late Pleistocene Sri Lanka (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-15
    Description: Human occupation of tropical rainforest habitats is thought to be a mainly Holocene phenomenon. Although archaeological and paleoenvironmental data have hinted at pre-Holocene rainforest foraging, earlier human reliance on rainforest resources has not been shown directly. We applied stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis to human and faunal tooth enamel from four late Pleistocene-to-Holocene archaeological sites in Sri Lanka. The results show that human foragers relied primarily on rainforest resources from at least ~20,000 years ago, with a distinct preference for semi-open rainforest and rain forest edges. Homo sapiens' relationship with the tropical rainforests of South Asia is therefore long-standing, a conclusion that indicates the time-depth of anthropogenic reliance and influence on these habitats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, Patrick -- Perera, Nimal -- Wedage, Oshan -- Deraniyagala, Siran -- Perera, Jude -- Eregama, Saman -- Gledhill, Andrew -- Petraglia, Michael D -- Lee-Thorp, Julia A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 13;347(6227):1246-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1230.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Archaeology, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Dyson Perrins Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK. patrick.roberts@rlaha.ox.ac.uk. ; Postgraduate Institute of Archaeology, 407 Bauddhaloka Mawatha, Colombo 00700, Sri Lanka. ; Department of Archaeology, Sir Marcus Fernando Mawatha, Colombo, Sri Lanka. ; Division of Geographic, Archaeological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK. ; School of Archaeology, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Dyson Perrins Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25766234" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaeology ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; Dental Enamel/chemistry ; Diet ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Oxygen Isotopes/analysis ; Paleodontology ; Plants ; *Rainforest ; Sri Lanka ; Time ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Mid-Late Holocene Sub-Millennial Scale Inverse Trends of South Asian Summer and Winter Monsoons in Sri Lanka (2021)
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-21
    Description: The South Asian Monsoon (SAM) brings precipitation crucial for agriculture across the densely populated region of South Asia. Identifying the key long-term drivers of the SAM is essential to improve the predictability of future monsoonal trends in the context of current global climate scenarios and increasingly frequent drought and flooding events in this part of the world. Here, we reconstruct ∼6000 years of climatic and environmental history of the South Asian summer monsoon-fed Bolgoda South Lake and the Horton Plains, and the winter monsoon-fed Panama lagoon, in Sri Lanka to better understand monsoonal operation over this island and its connection to broader climate systems. Multiple proxies (diagnostic biomarkers, hydrogen and carbon isotopes of individual n-alkane, grain size, and Zr/Rb elemental ratio) indicate a sub-millennial scale decreasing trend of summer monsoon rainfall in the wet zone of Sri Lanka alongside an increasing trend of winter monsoon rainfall in the dry zone during the last ∼6000 years. We also observed multi-centennial scale arid events in the Bolgoda South Lake and Horton Plains records at ∼3,500 and ∼1,000 cal years BP. Inverse monsoonal behavior during the mid- and late Holocene seems to be led by the southward migration of the mean latitudinal position of ITCZ, induced by varying solar energy distribution between the Northern and Southern hemispheres due to Earth’s processional cycle. Our observations are broadly supported by existing paleoclimatic records from the Indian sub-continent, but abrupt arid phases are asynchronous in the regional records. In addition, these short-term arid conditions do not show systematic correlations with the different modes of climate variables known to have teleconnections with the Indian Ocean monsoon.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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