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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for RAPD heteroduplex formation in cranberry: implications for pedigree and genetic-relatedness studies and a source of co-dominant RAPD markers (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 840-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words  Heteroduplex  ;  RAPD  ;  Co-dominant markers  ;  Silver stain  ;  Genetic relatedness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   Silver-stained random amplified polymorphic DNA (ssRAPD) markers have been identified that are always jointly present or absent in the ssRAPD profiles of cranberry varieties. On the basis of segregation data and the ability to re-create these ``associated ssRAPDs'' through the intermixing of amplified DNA from individuals lacking them, five of the six pairs of associated ssRAPDs analyzed were shown to be consistent with heteroduplex molecules. Heteroduplexes are ``hybrid'' double-stranded DNAs that are formed following the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of two DNA segments that have a high degree of homology to one another, yet differ in their nucleotide sequences as a result of base pair deletions, additions, or substitutions. Three of the five putative heteroduplex systems identified are consistent with a one locus, two-allele heteroduplex model. The remaining two systems appeared to be multi-allelic, involving interactions among three and four alleles, respectively. RAPD heteroduplex formation has the potential to confound genetic relatedness and pedigree studies. Heterozygous individuals exhibit heteroduplex RAPDs not seen in either of the two homozygote classes. Genetic estimates under such a circumstance would ``inflate'' the differences between the heterozygote and the homozygote classes. Heteroduplex formation is also a mechanism for the presence of non-parental RAPDs in progeny of parents homozygous for alternate alleles. While this class of molecular markers can confound RAPD analyses, they also offer a source of co-dominant RAPD markers, which are of value in genetic relatedness estimates and as markers for studying breeding behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050201
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for RAPD heteroduplex formation in cranberry: implications for pedigree and genetic-relatedness studies and a source of co-dominant RAPD markers (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 840-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Heteroduplex ; RAPD ; Co-dominant markers ; Silver stain ; Genetic relatedness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Silver-stained random amplified polymorphic DNA (ssRAPD) markers have been identified that are always jointly present or absent in the ssRAPD profiles of cranberry varieties. On the basis of segregation data and the ability to re-create these “associated ssRAPDs” through the intermixing of amplified DNA from individuals lacking them, five of the six pairs of associated ssRAPDs analyzed were shown to be consistent with heteroduplex molecules. Heteroduplexes are “hybrid”” double-stranded DNAs that are formed following the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of two DNA segments that have a high degree of homology to one another, yet differ in their nucleotide sequences as a result of base pair deletions, additions, or substitutions. Three of the five putative heteroduplex systems identified are consistent with a one locus, two-allele heteroduplex model. The remaining two systems appeared to be multi-allelic, involving interactions among three and four alleles, respectively. RAPD heteroduplex formation has the potential to confound genetic relatedness and pedigree studies. Heterozygous individuals exhibit heteroduplex RAPDs not seen in either of the two homozygote classes. Genetic estimates under such a circumstance would “inflate” the differences between the heterozygote and the homozygote classes. Heteroduplex formation is also a mechanism for the presence of non-parental RAPDs in progeny of parents homozygous for alternate alleles. While this class of molecular markers can confound RAPD analyses, they also offer a source of co-dominant RAPD markers, which are of value in genetic relatedness estimates and as markers for studying breeding behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221896
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPDs identify varietal misclassification and regional divergence in cranberry [Vaccinium macrocarpon (Ait.) Pursh] (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 1004-1010 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cranberry ; Vaccinium macrocarpon RAPDs ; Variety identification ; Genetic diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The majority of cultivated cranberry varieties were selected from native populations in the 1800s and early 1900s from sites in Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Wisconsin. Since their initial selections 100–150 years ago, varietal identities have become increasingly confused; primarily the result of there being a paucity of qualitative markers to effectively distinguish among varieties. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology has the potential for allowing a more definitive classification of varieties and was used in this study to characterize 22 cranberry varieties. Twenty-two decamer primers amplified 162 scorable DNA fragments, of which 66 (41%) were polymorphic. On the basis of these 66 silver-stained RAPDs (ssRAPDs), 17 unique profiles were identified rather than the expected 22. Fourteen varieties had unique ssRAPD profiles, while the remaining 8 were represented by 3 ssRAPD profiles. Permuational analyses of the data suggest that the observed ssRAPD profile duplications are examples of varietal misclassification. Further analyses identified 2 ssRAPD markers that were found only in Eastern varieties (from Mass. and N. J.) and not in Wisconsin varieties. With varieties differing on average by 22 bands, ssRAPDs are shown to be effective in varietal identification and the assessment of genetic diversity in cranberry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220808
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic hybrids between Solanum etuberosum and diploid, tuber bearing Solanum clones (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 775-782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Somatic hybrid ; Solanum etuberosum ; S. tuberosum ; S. berthaultii ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Electrofusion was used to obtain somatic hybrids between Solanum etuberosum (2n=2x=24) and two diploid potato lines. These hybridizations were conducted to determine if haploidxwild species hybrids are better fusion partners than conventional S. tuberosumGp. Tuberosum haploids. Restriction fragment length polymerase (RFLP) analyses of the putative somatic hybrids confirmed that each parental genome was present. The somatic hybrids between S. etuberosum and a haploid S. tuberosum clone, US-W730, were stunted and had curled, purple leaves. In contrast, somatic hybrids between S. etuberosum and a haploidxwild species hybrid (US-W 730 haploidx S. berthaultii), were vigorous and generally tuberized under field conditions. These hybrids were designated as E+BT somatic hybrids. Analyses of 23 E+BT somatic hybrids revealed a statistically significant bias towards the retention of S. etuberosum chloroplasts. Stylar incompatibilities were observed when the E+BT somatic hybrids were used as pollen donors in crosses with S. tuberosum cultivars. Reciprocal crosses did not show this incompatibility. The progeny were vigorous and had improved tuber traits when compared to the maternal E+BT parent. RFLP analyses of three sexual progeny lines confirmed the presence of all 12 S. etuberosum chromosomes. In two of these lines, RFLPs that marked each of the 24 chromosome arms of S. etuberosum were present. However, RFLP markers specific for regions on chromosomes 2, 7, and 11 were missing from the third clone. Because other markers for these chromosomes were present in the progeny line, these results indicated the likelihood of pairing and recombination between S. etuberosum and S. tuberosum chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223718
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to potato virus Y in somatic hybrids between Solanum etuberosum and S. tuberosum x S. berthaultii hybrid (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 783-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Somatic hybrid ; Solanum etuberosum Solanum tuberosum ; Haploidxwild species hybrid Potato virus Y resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Somatic hybrids between a potato virus Y (PVY) resistant Solanum etuberosum clone and a susceptible diploid potato clone derived from a cross between S. tuberosum Gp. Tuberosum haploid US-W 730 and S. berthaultii were evaluated for resistance to PVY. All but one of the tested somatic hybrids were significantly more resistant than cultivars ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Katahdin’. However, none was as resistant as the S. etuberosum parent. One hexaploid somatic hybrid, possibly the product of a triple-cell fusion involving one S. etuberosum protoplast and two haploid x S. berthaultii protoplasts, was as susceptible to PVY infection as the cultivars. Tetraploid progeny of the somatic hybrids, obtained from crosses with Gp. Tuberosum cultivars, were neither as resistant as the maternal somatic hybrid parent, nor as susceptible as the paternal cultivar parent. It appears that the introgression of PVY resistance from (1EBN) S. etuberosum into (4EBN) S. tuberosum (EBN-endosperm balance number) will be successful through the use of somatic hybridization and subsequent crosses of the somatic hybrids back to S. tuberosum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223719
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