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  • 1
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In a previous report from the present authors, it was shown that the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidation may play a crucial role during zygotic embryogenesis of turnip tops seeds. The present study was performed to elucidate the contribution of the silique-wall and seeds in ethylene production during this developmental process. ACC content in the silique wall is only higher than in seeds during the middle phases of zygotic embryogenesis. The ACC-oxidase (ACO) activity peaks in the silique-wall and seeds during the onset of embryogenesis, declining gradually afterwards, being undetectable during desiccation period. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, one cDNA clone coding for an ACO and called BrACO1, was isolated. The deduced protein for BrACO1 has a molecular weight of 36.8 kDa and a high homology with other crucifer ACOs. The heterologous expression of this cDNA confirmed that BrACO1 is an ACO. The expression of this gene was high during the first phases of silique-wall development, low during the middle phases and undetectable during desiccation. By contrast, BrACO1 transcript was accumulated only in the earliest phases of seed embryogenesis and may participate in the highest ACO activity and ethylene production by seeds at the beginning of embryogenesis. Finally, in this work a correlation between the heterogeneity of Brassica rapa L. cv. Rapa seeds and the ability to oxidize the ACC to ethylene has been demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 96 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Study of the factors involved in the dormancy of Fagus sylvatica seeds shows that such dormancy is due partly to the seed coats and partly to endogenous factors. Seed coat removal accelerates both the release from dormancy and the effects of the other treatments that abolish it. The dormancy of these seeds is eliminated by cold treatment at 4°C over a period longer than 8 weeks, and exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) reverses the effects of low temperature, the seeds remaining in an ungerminated state. Additionally, ABA reduces protein synthesis but slightly increases RNA synthesis, which suggests its involvement in the synthesis of RNAs related to this process. In vitro translation of the RNAs isolated from these seeds shows that ABA delays the disappearance of at least 2 polypeptides (of ca 22 and 24 kDa), which are abundant in dormant seeds and under conditions that prevent the release from dormancy, but which disappear under treatments that abolish it. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA3) proved to be efficient in breaking the dormancy of these seeds and in substituting for cold treatment as well as in antagonizing the effects of ABA on the synthesis of both DNA and proteins. GA3 also accelerates the disappearance of the two polypeptides abundant in dormant seeds and in ABA-treated seeds. These findings suggest that both ABA and GA3 could be involved in the regulation of nucleic acid and protein metabolism during dormancy, acting antagonistically in these processes and, specifically, in the regulation of the synthesis of the two proteins that appear to play a role in the maintenance of dormancy in these seeds.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: By means of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, using degenerate oligonucleotides conserved among ethylene-responsive transcription factors, we have isolated and characterized a cDNA clone encoding a protein involved in ethylene signalling during the breaking of dormancy in Fagus sylvatica L. seeds. This clone, named FsERF1, exhibits high homology to ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) from several plant species. The expression of FsERF1 as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli confirmed that it was able to bind to the GCC box, a cis element present in the promoters of several ethylene-responsive genes, corroborating its role as a DNA-binding protein. Northern analysis showed that the transcript levels increased when dormancy was broken by ethephon (an ethylene-releasing compound), or by moist prechilling pretreatment at restricted water content, and were almost undetectable when seeds remained dormant by the addition of abscisic acid, aminooxyacetic acid (an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) or warm pretreatment, and when seeds were artificially dried, suggesting that FsERF1 function may be more closely related with the transition from seed dormancy to germination than with responses to drought stress mediated by ethylene.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 104 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A full-length cDNA clone for calmodulin has been isolated from a cDNA library constructed from mRNAs of chick-pea seeds germinated for 48 h in H20, using a calmodulin cDNA clone from Fagus sylvatica as a probe. The amino acid sequence of the clone shows high homology (〉 80%) with other plant and animal calmodulins. The corresponding transcripts, analysed by northern blot, are present during embryogenesis, increase along with seed germination and are repressed by abscisic acid and by several stress conditions (water, salt and heat stress) which inhibit chick-pea seed germination. The results obtained suggest that the expression of calmodulin is related to the ability of these seeds to germinate.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of proteins is a general mechanism of hormonal signal transduction, including ABA, and serine/threonine protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C, EC 3.1.3.16) have been suggested to play an important role in this process. By means of differential reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and further screening of a cDNA library made from mRNA of ABA-treated Fagus sylvatica L. seeds, a full-length cDNA clone (FsPP2C2) encoding a putative PP2C was obtained. Comparison to the databases revealed high homology to plant PP2C and most features of these enzymes, but unusual characteristics were found within the catalytic domain and the N-terminal region of the amino acid sequence. The coding region of FsPP2C2 was expressed in Escherichia coli as histidine tag fusion protein and shows Mg2+-dependent in vitro phosphatase activity. Transcription of the FsPP2C2 gene is low during seeds stratification at 4°C or under gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment and clearly increases when seeds are treated with ABA and calcium (Ca2+) together, while the addition of calcium chelators (EGTA or TMB-8) decreases its expression. Furthermore, FsPP2C2 is only expressed in ABA-treated tissues, preferentially in seeds, which suggests that this PP2C is specifically induced by ABA in dormant seeds, in a Ca2+-dependent manner, and also in other ABA-treated tissues.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Gibberellin 20-oxidase (GA 20-oxidase) is an enzyme that catalyses the last three steps in the synthesis of active GAs and is a potential control point in the regulation of GA biosynthesis. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction with degenerated oligonucleotides conserved among GA 20-oxidases was used to isolate a cDNA clone for this enzyme in Fagus sylvatica L. seeds. This clone contains all the features and exhibits homology to GA 20 oxidases from several plant species. Expression of this clone, named FsGA20ox1, as a fusion protein expressed in Escherichia coli confirmed that it was able to metabolize [14C]GA12 to [14C]GA9 and [14C]GA53 to [14C]GA20. Analysis of FsGA20ox1 transcript levels showed similar low expression during stratification at 4°C and in the presence of gibberellic acid or ethephon (compound that releases ethylene in solution), treatments proved to be efficient in breaking the dormancy of beech seeds. However, there was a drastic increase of FsGA20ox1 transcript levels in the presence of paclobutrazol (PCB), a well-known GAs biosynthesis inhibitor, or of 2-aminoxyacetic acid (AOA), an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. Furthermore, the effect of AOA was reversed by the addition of GA3 and that of PCB by ethephon. This indicates that the gene product is subjected to down-regulation by GA and ethylene, and further suggests a cross-talk gene regulation by these two hormones during the transition from seed dormancy to germination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Water stress inhibits germination of chick-pea seeds and produces specific changes in gene expression. some of which are coincident with those induced by the exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA). Three cDNA clones, GAB-8, GAB-9 and GAB-11, were previously identified as under the regulation of ABA and osmotic stress in embryonic axes of germinating chick-pea. Here we try to establish a relationship between the changes in gene expression induced by ABA and stress conditions during germination and those naturally occurring during the desiccation process that leads to seed maturation. Our results show that the germinative capacity of chick-pea is related to the water content of the organ. In vitro translation of the mRNAs from developing seed reveals that in the later stages of seed maturation some polypeptides appear that previously were found to be regulated by ABA and by water deficit in germinating seeds. Hybridization by northern blot of embryogenic mRNAs with GAB-8. GAB-9 and GAB-11 clones shows that the mRNAs corresponding to such clones only appear in the later phases of seed formation, coinciding with seed dehydration, and persisting until seeds became fully mature. The results suggest that these mRNAs are probably related to the response to dehydration that occurs during seed maturation, and that the pattern of expression of these ABA-regulated clones coincides with that of the established late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) genes.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: abscisic acid ; GTP-binding protein ; Fagus sylvatica ; seed dormancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA clone was selected from a cDNA library constructed using mRNA from ABA-treated Fagus sylvatica L. dormant seeds as a template. The clone is highly expressed in the presence of ABA and tends to disappear in stratified seeds. A search of sequence databases showed that the clone encodes a small GTP-binding protein. By means of in situ hybridization, the mRNA has been located in the apical meristem of the embryonic axis and in the central vascular cylinder. Its possible involvement in growth regulation in the embryonic axis of F. sylvatica is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: The objective of this study is to describe the impact of the Advanced Practice Nurse role on the clinical practice and patient benefit, as well as to provide reasons for its implementation and expansion in Spain. Through the scoping review method, this study has been carried out according to five thematic blocks: life quality, cost-effectiveness, health results, satisfaction, and accessibility. The critical appraisal was performed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool and the level of evidence and strength of recommendation have been analysed following the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) system. The results show that it is possible to formally implement advanced practice nursing in the Spanish context. The analysis of the Spanish regulatory framework reveals that the generalisation of the Case Manager Nurse is the starting point for the development of advanced practice nursing in Spain. This implementation would have a positive impact on patients in terms of health results, satisfaction, and life quality, given that the advanced practice nurse performs a more effective follow-up of chronic patients with a better control of risk factors, symptoms and health outcomes, and an earlier detection of complications. Considering these results, regional governments should promote the role of the Advanced Practice Nurse to contribute to its expansion.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by MDPI
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  • 10
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