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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A mutation hotspot in the chloroplast genome of a conifer (Douglas-fir: Pseudotsuga) is caused by variability in the number of direct repeats derived from a partially duplicated tRNA gene (1995)
    Springer
    Current genetics 27 (1995), S. 572-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Pinaceae ; Length mutation ; Repetitive DNA ; Chloroplast DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We determined the DNA sequence of a 2.7-kb cpDNA XbaI fragment from douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco]. RFLPs revealed by the 2.7-kb XbaI clone were observed to vary up to 1 kb among species within the genus Pseudotsuga and up to 200 bp among trees of P. menziesii. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allowed the locus of polymorphism to be identified, and the variable region was then sequenced in a second Douglas-fir tree, a single tree of a related species, Japanese Douglas-fir (P. japonica), and in a species lacking a mutation hotspot in the region, Pinus radiata (Monterey pine). The locus of polymorphism is characterized by hundreds of base pairs of imperfect, tandem direct repeats flanked by a partially duplicated and an intact trnY-GUA gene. The duplication is direct in orientation and consists of 43 bp of the 3′ end of trnY and 25 bp of its 3′ flanking sequence. Tandem repeats show high sequence similarity to a 27-bp region of the trnY gene that overlaps one end of the duplication. The two trees of Douglas-fir sequenced differed by a single tandem repeat unit, whereas these trees differed from the Japanese Douglas-fir sequenced by approximately 34 repeat units. Repetitive DNA in the Pseudotsuga cpDNA hotspot was most likely generated at the time of the partial trnY gene duplication and these sequences expanded by slipped-strand mispairing and unequal crossingover.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314450
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of QTLs influencing wood property traits in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). I. Physical wood properties (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 1273-1281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Pinus taeda L. ; QTL mapping ; Wood specific gravity ; Volume percentage of latewood ; Microfibril angle
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Physical wood property traits for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were analyzed for the presence of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in a three-generation outbred pedigree. These traits include wood specific gravity (wsg), volume percentage of latewood (vol%), and microfibril angle (mfa). Phenotypic data were collected for rings 2–11 for wsg and vol%, and rings 3, 5 and 7 for mfa. Both earlywood and latewood were analyzed for each trait. An interval mapping approach designed for an outbred pedigree was used to estimate the number of QTLs, the magnitude of QTL effects, and their genomic position. Nine unique QTLs were detected for composite traits (average of all rings) for wsg, five for vol%, and five for mfa. The majority of these QTLs were verified by analyses of individual-ring traits. Additional QTLs for each trait were also detected by these individual-ring analyses. Most QTLs for wsg were specific to either earlywood or latewood, whereas each QTL for mfa was detected for both earlywood and latewood. Before these QTLs are utilized in a breeding program, they should be verified in larger experiments and in different genetic and environmental backgrounds.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051607
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Paternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA and maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in loblolly pine (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 212-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Chloroplast DNA ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Paternal inheritance ; Maternal inheritance ; Loblolly pine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The inheritance of organelle DNAs in loblolly pine was studied by using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Chloroplast DNA from loblolly pine is paternally inherited in pitch pine x loblolly pine hybrids. Mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited in loblolly pine crosses. The uniparental inheritance of organelle genomes from opposite sexes within the same plant appears to be unique among those higher plants that have been tested and indicates that loblolly pine, and possibly other conifers, must have special mechanisms for organelle exclusion or degradation or both. This genetic system creates an exceptional opportunity for the study of maternal and paternal genetic lineages within a single species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266189
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An RFLP linkage map for loblolly pine based on a three-generation outbred pedigree (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): RFLP ; Genetic linkage mapping ; Pinus taeda L.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A genetic linkage map for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was constructed using segregation data from a three-generation outbred pedigree consisting of four grandparents, two parents, and 95 F2 progeny. The map was based predominantly on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci detected by cDNA probes. Sixty-five cDNA and three genomic DNA probes revealed 90 RFLP loci. Six polymorphic isozyme loci were also scored. One-fourth (24%) of the cDNA probes detected more than 1 segregating locus, an indication that multigene families are common in pines. As many as six alleles were observed at a single segregating locus among grandparents and it was not unusual for the progeny to segregate for three or four alleles per locus. Multipoint linkage analysis placed 73 RFLP and 2 isozyme loci into 20 linkage groups; the remaining 17 RFLP and 4 isozyme loci were unlinked. The mapped RFLP probes provide a new set of codominant markers for genetic analyses in loblolly pine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223631
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mapped DNA probes from loblolly pine can be used for restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping in other conifers (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 279-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Pinus taeda L. ; Conifers ; Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) ; Genetic mapping
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A high-density genetic map based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) is being constructed for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Consequently, a large number of DNA probes from loblolly pine are potentially available for use in other species. We have used some of these DNA probes to detect RFLPs in 12 conifers and an angiosperm. Thirty complementary DNA and two genomic DNA probes from loblolly pine were hybridized to Southern blots containing DNA from five species of Pinus (P. elliottii, P. lambertiana, P. radiata, P. sylvestris, and P. taeda), one species from each of four other genera of Pinaceae (Abies concolor, Larix laricina, Picea abies, and Pseudotsuga menziesii), one species from each of three other families of Coniferales [Sequoia sempervirens (Taxodiaceae), Torreya californica (Taxaceae) and Calocedrus decurrens (Cupressaceae)], and to one angiosperm species (Populus nigra). Results showed that mapped DNA probes from lobolly pine will cross-hybridize to genomic DNA of other species of Pinus and some other genera of the Pinaceae. Only a small proportion of the probes hybridized to genomic DNA from three other families of the Coniferales and the one angiosperm examined. This study demonstrates that mapped DNA probes from loblolly pine can be used to construct RFLP maps for related species, thus enabling the opportunity for comparative genome mapping in conifers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223632
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Do molecular markers reflect patterns of differentiation in adaptive traits of conifers? (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Scots pine ; Molecular markers ; Isozymes ; Population structure ; Adaptive genetic variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We have examined patterns of variation of several kinds of molecular markers (isozymes, RFLPs of ribosomal DNA and anonymous low-copy number DNA, RAPDs and microsatellites) and an adaptive trait [date of bud set in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)]. The study included Finnish Scots pine populations (from latitude 60°N to 70°N) which experience a steep climatic gradient. Common garden experiments show that these populations are adapted to the location of their origin and genetically differentiated in adaptive quantitative traits, e.g. the date of bud set in first-year seedlings. In the northernmost population, bud set took place about 21 days earlier than in the southernmost population. Of the total variation in bud set, 36.4% was found among the populations. All molecular markers showed high levels of within-population variation, while differentiation among populations was low. Among all the studied markers, microsatellites were the most variable (H–=0.77). Differences between populations were small, GST was less than 0.02. Our study suggests that molecular markers may be poor predictors of the population differentiation of quantitative traits in Scots pine, as exemplified here by bud-set date.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050268
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Partial DNA sequencing of Douglas-fir cDNAs used for RFLP mapping (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 771-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Douglas-fir ; cDNA RFLP probes ; DNA sequence ; Similarity search ; Putative function
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  DNA sequences from 87 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) cDNA RFLP probes were determined. Sequences were submitted to the GenBank dbEST database and searched for similarity against nucleotide and protein databases using the BLASTn and BLASTx programs. Twenty-one sequences (24%) were assigned putative functions; 18 of which were from plant species. Six sequences aligned with conifer genes, including genes from Douglas-fir. Similarities among the 87 sequences were revealed by analyses with FASTA, suggesting either redundancy or isoforms of the same gene. Assignment of putative functions to anonymous cDNA mapped markers will increase the understanding of structural gene organization of the Douglas-fir genome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050954
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A sex-averaged genetic linkage map in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii[Mirb.] Franco var ‘menziesii’) based on RFLP and RAPD markers (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 762-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words RFLP ; RAPD ; Genetic map ; Null loci ; Gene family
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  We have constructed a sex-averaged genetic linkage map in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco var ‘menziesii’) using a three-generation outcrossed pedigree and molecular markers. Our research objectives are to learn about genome organization and to identify markers associated with adaptive traits. The map reported here is comprised of 141 markers organized into 17 linkage groups and covers 1,062 centiMorgans (cM). Of the markers positioned on the map, 94 were derived from a Douglas-fir complimentary-DNA (cDNA) library that was constructed from new-growth needle tissue. Other markers include 11 Douglas-fir genomic-DNAs, 20 loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) cDNAs, 15 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and a PCR-amplified phytochrome probe. A high degree of variation was detected in each of the two parents of our mapping population, and many of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and RAPD phenotypes were complex. Marker data were analyzed for linkage using mapping software JOINMAP version 2.0.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050953
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The mating system in natural and shelterwood stands of Douglas-fir (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 201-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Mating system ; Outcrossing ; Douglas-fir ; Shelterwood ; Isozymes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Mating systems in two pairs of old-growth uncut and adjacent shelterwood stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. ‘menziesii’) were compared by estimating the proportions of viable progenies due to outcrossing (t) with both single-locus and multilocus techniques. Single-locus population estimates (ťs), ranging from 0.41 to 1.16, were significantly (P〈0.05) heterogeneous among loci in three of four stands; mean single-locus estimates for shelterwoods were not significantly different from those for uncut stands. Multilocus population estimates (ťm) ranged from 0.94 to 1.00; again, estimates for shelterwoods were not significantly different from those for uncut stands. Multilocus estimates were slightly higher than mean single-locus estimates for uncut stands but were nearly equivalent for shelterwoods, suggesting that related matings other than selfs may be associated with uncut stands, but not shelterwoods. Individual-tree outcrossing rates (ťm i), estimated for six trees in each shelterwood, ranged from 0.90 to 1.10 and were significantly heterogeneous among trees at one of the two shelterwoods. Outcrossing was high (〉 0.90) in both uncult and shelterwood stands, and no evidence indicated that low parent-tree density had affected stand outcrossing rates.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252056
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inheritance of restriction fragment length polymorphisms and random amplified polymorphic DNAs in coastal Douglas-fir (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 758-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Douglas-fir ; Genetic mapping ; RFLP RAPD ; allozymes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A total of 225 new genetic loci [151 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) and 74 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD)] in coastal Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii] have been identified using a three-generation outbred pedigree. The Mendelian inheritance of 16 RFLP loci and 29 RAPD loci was demonstrated based on single-locus segregation in a sample of F2 progeny. One RFLP locus, PtIFG2025, showed segregation distortion. Probe pPtIFG2025 is a loblolly pine cDNA probe encoding for rbcS. The 16 RFLP loci and 23 allozyme loci were also assayed in a sample of 16 Douglas-fir seed-orchard clones. Allelism was determined at 11 of the 16 RFLP loci. RFLPs were able to detect slightly more variation (4.0 alleles per locus) than allozymes (3.1 alleles per locus). The inheritance of an additional 80 RAPD loci was determined based on haploid segregation analysis of megagametophytes from parent tree 013-1. Once 200–300 markers are identified and placed on a genetic map, quantitative trait loci affecting bud phenology will be mapped.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223716
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