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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Note on radiation processed wood-plastic materials (1970)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 4 (1970), S. 226-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary Specimens ofAbies sp. (fir),Pinus longifolia (chir),Vateria indica (vellapine),Dichopsis elliptica (pali) andMangifera indica (mango) were impregnated with monomers of styrene and methylmethacrylate and irradiated under different conditions. The treated specimens were tested as to their crushing strength, their bending strength and their water absorption. The results first indicate and increase in density due to impregnation. A reduction in moisture absorption and volumetric swelling as compared with untreated controls and increase in crushing strength were observed. The properties varied due to a non-uniform penetration of the polymer. Further experiments on the resistance against degradation by fungi were carried out and respective results are listed and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571857
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some rheological properties of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid-Formaldehyde gels (1962)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 2 (1962), S. 215-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The paper records the results of experiments on the rheological properties of cold setting cashew nut shell liquid formaldehyde resin adhesive gels. Ping pong balls gave a higher value for the coefficient of restitution than steel balls. With ping pong balls the coefficient of restitution was in between that for Perspex and glass. With repeated loading and unloading the hysteresis loop decreased in area, it being about only 18% of that of the first cycle in the fourth cycle with 15% paraformaldehyde content. The area of the hysteresis loop was found to decrease, and the modulus of rupture increase with the paraformaldehyde content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01983954
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of the rheology of adhesives and wood (1956)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 145 (1956), S. 80-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach kurzer Skizzierung der wichtigen Rolle, die die Rheologie im Studium und Gebrauch von Holz und Leim spielt, folgt eine kurze zusammenfassende Wiedergabe von Arbeiten aus dem Laboratorium des Autors. Aus Untersuchungen über die Änderungen im rheologischen Verhalten von Kasein-Leimen mit Hilfe eines Couette-Viskosimeters wird ein Mechanismus der Gel-Bildung vorgeschlagen. Der Einfluß verschiedenster Faktoren auf diese Gel-Bildung wurde ebenso mit interessanten Ergebnissen studiert. Zum Verfolgen des Erstarrens der Klebstoffe wurde eine Widerstandsdrahtwaage gebraucht und hiermit der Einfluß von Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit auf die Erstarrungszeit gemessen. Der Festigkeitsmodul von Gelatine-Gelen, untersucht mit einer Saunders- und Ward-Apparatur, variiert mit dem Quadrat der Konzentration, NaCl erhöht die Festigkeit. Rheologische Eigenschaften von Klebstoff-Filmen aus Gelatine-Kasein und Prolamin wurden bei weit variierten Bedingungen mit Hilfe des Torsionspendels untersucht und dabei interessante Ergebnisse gefunden. Interessante Resultate ergaben sich ferner für die rheologischen Eigenschaften von Holz und den Einfluß von Quellmitteln, Säuren und Alkali u. a. auf diese. Schließlich wurde das plastische Fließen von Holz bei Belastung gemessen.
    Notes: Summary After briefly mentioning the important role played by rheology in the study and use of wood and adhesives, work done on the subject in the author's laboratory is briefly described. From a study of the rheological changes taking place in casein glues with the help of a Couette viscometer a possible mechanism of gel formation is presented. The influence of various factors on gel formation were also studied with interesting results. For following the course of setting of adhesives the method using the wire resistance strain gauge was employed and the influence of temperature and humidity on the setting time investigated. The rigidity modulus of gelatin gels measured with a Saunders and Ward apparatus was found to vary as the square of the concentration. Sodium chloride increased the rigidity. Rheological properties of adhesive films of gelatin, casein and prolamin were studied under a wide variety of conditions with the torsion pendulum and the interesting results reported. Interesting results were also obtained on the rheological properties of wood and the influence of extractives, acids, alkali, etc. on such properties. Finally plastic flow in wood with loading was investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01502284
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of adhesives (1958)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 158 (1958), S. 47-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde mit Hilfe derSaunders undWard-Apparatur das Erstarren von Klebstofflösungen, z. B. Gelatine, Kasein, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd, Resorcinal-Formaldehyd, Tannin-Formaldehyd verfolgt. Die Form der Kurven zeigt, daß der Erstarrungsvorgang vom Typ des Klebstoffs abhängt. Der Einfluß der Temperatur beim Harnstoff-Formaldehyd zeigt, daß die Gelatinierungszeit für jede 5°C Temperaturerhöhung etwa auf die Hälfte sinkt. Die Druckfestigkeit der verfestigten Gele wurde ebenfalls untersucht.
    Notes: Summary The development of rigidity in adhesive solutions, viz. gelatin, casein, urea-formaldehyde, resorcinalformaldehyde and tannin formaldehyde, was followed with the help of theSaunders andWard apparatus. The shape of the curves shows that the development of rigidity differs with the type of adhesive. The influence of temperatures was also studied with ureaformaldehyde, the „gelation time“ is almost halved for every 5°C rise of temperature. Finally the compressive strength of the set gels is also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01744659
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin effect in adhesive solutions (1962)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 185 (1962), S. 38-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The membranometric method of quantitatively studying skin formation on surfaces of colloidal solutions developed byWo. Ostwald was adopted with slight modifications by the authors in their studies on adhesive solutions. The time of flow through a vertical capillary was found to vary with the time of contact and concentration, which may be attributed to any changes in viscosity during the period and formation of a skin. By running a control, the viscosity effect was eliminated. The position of the meniscus when sucked to a definite height and released, at different periods, is plotted as a function of time. It is suggested that the difference in the area between the curves for control and different periods of contact can be taken as a measure of the strength of skin formation. Results for gelatin solutions are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01882346
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of adhesives. Part VI (1961)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 1 (1961), S. 514-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Rheologie von kalthärtendem Akajou-Nußschalenöl Formaldehyd-Harz-Klebemittel wurde sowohl mit demCoutte-Viskometer als auch mit dem Penetro-Viskometer gemessen. Die Ergebnisse sind graphisch dargestellt. Das klebende System zeigt Dilatanz. Die Kurven: Viskosität gegen Zeit ergeben nur die letzten beiden Teile der entsprechenden Caseinleim-Kurve. Die Fließkurven zeigen, daß in den ersten Stadien das System dilatant ist, später aber eine Fließgrenze besitzt.
    Notes: Summary The rheology of cold setting cashew nut shell liquid-formaldehyde resin adhesives has been studied both with aCoutte Viscometer and a penetro-viscometer. The results are shown in graphs. The adhesive system was found to exhibit dilatancy. The viscosity versus time curves show only the last two parts of the corresponding casein glue curve. Mow curves indicate that in the early stages the system exhibits dilatancy but later shows a yield value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01989109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of adhesives (1954)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 135 (1954), S. 140-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01511663
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of adhesives (1954)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 138 (1954), S. 68-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01510870
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of adhesives. Part VII (1961)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 1 (1961), S. 516-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The rheological behaviour of alkali catalysed cashew nut shell liquid-formaldehyde resins as studied in aCoutte viscometer is described. The system was found to be non-Newtonian showing a yield value even at the beginning. Rate of change of viscosity with time was autocatylic. Solution of the resin in trichlorethylene was found to exhibit dilatancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01989110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheology of adhesives (1958)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 158 (1958), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß verschiedener Faktoren wie Konzentration, Temperatur, Zusätze auf die Steifigkeit von Gelatinegelen war Gegenstand von Untersuchungen. Je tiefer die Temperatur und je höher die Gelatinekonzentration, um so größer ist die Steifigkeit. Für Gelbildung ist eine Minimalkonzentration notwendig, und bei 35°C ist praktisch unterhalb 35% Gelatinegehalt keine Steifigkeit mehr zu erzielen. Kurven für verschiedene Konzentrationen, die diesen Temperatureffekt demonstrieren, scheinen bei 35°C zusammenzulaufen. Salze wie Natriumchlorid usw. bei kleinen Konzentrationen erhöhen die Steifigkeit. Der Einfluß von Substanzen, die Wasserstoffbindungen begünstigen, „depressants“, Holzextraktionsmittel usw., auf die Steifheit von Gelatinegelen zeigt sich ebenfalls in interessanten Feststellungen.
    Notes: Summary The influence of various factors, like concentration, temperature, additives, etc. on the rigidity of gelatin gels was studied. The lower the temperature and the higher the concentration of gelatin the higher is the rigidity. A minimum concentration is necessary for gel formation and at 35° practically no rigidity is developed up to a concentration of 35%. Curves for different concentrations demonstrating the effect of temperature seem to converge at 35°C. Salts like sodium chloride, etc. at small concentrations increased the rigidity. The influence of hydrogen bond favouring agents, depressants, wood extractives, etc. on the rigidity of gelatin gels was investigated and the interesting results reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01744660
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