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  • 1
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    AMPK regulates NADPH homeostasis to promote tumour cell survival during energy stress (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-05
    Description: Overcoming metabolic stress is a critical step for solid tumour growth. However, the underlying mechanisms of cell death and survival under metabolic stress are not well understood. A key signalling pathway involved in metabolic adaptation is the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Energy stress conditions that decrease intracellular ATP levels below a certain level promote AMPK activation by LKB1. Previous studies showed that LKB1-deficient or AMPK-deficient cells are resistant to oncogenic transformation and tumorigenesis, possibly because of the function of AMPK in metabolic adaptation. However, the mechanisms by which AMPK promotes metabolic adaptation in tumour cells are not fully understood. Here we show that AMPK activation, during energy stress, prolongs cell survival by redox regulation. Under these conditions, NADPH generation by the pentose phosphate pathway is impaired, but AMPK induces alternative routes to maintain NADPH and inhibit cell death. The inhibition of the acetyl-CoA carboxylases ACC1 and ACC2 by AMPK maintains NADPH levels by decreasing NADPH consumption in fatty-acid synthesis and increasing NADPH generation by means of fatty-acid oxidation. Knockdown of either ACC1 or ACC2 compensates for AMPK activation and facilitates anchorage-independent growth and solid tumour formation in vivo, whereas the activation of ACC1 or ACC2 attenuates these processes. Thus AMPK, in addition to its function in ATP homeostasis, has a key function in NADPH maintenance, which is critical for cancer cell survival under energy stress conditions, such as glucose limitations, anchorage-independent growth and solid tumour formation in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607316/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607316/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jeon, Sang-Min -- Chandel, Navdeep S -- Hay, Nissim -- AG016927/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG025953/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA090764/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P60DK20595/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG016927/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA090764/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 May 9;485(7400):661-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11066.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22660331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cell Death ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Contact Inhibition ; Cricetinae ; *Energy Metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Female ; Glucose/deficiency ; *Homeostasis ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; NADP/deficiency/*metabolism ; Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; *Oxidative Stress ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Improving community resilience to flood events (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-30
    Description: Climate change is leading to an increase in magnitude of rare flood events. This leads to increased risk to population centres located near rivers. In 2022, there was a series of flood events across Australia. This included several extreme flood events, including a 0.05% AEP event in the Wilson River catchment in north-east NSW, and a flood that exceeded the 0.02% AEP level in the central NSW town of Eugowra. There was also a near record flood event in the Murray Darling Basin, as well as a record flood in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. These highlight the issues with prediction of flood events, response of emergency services, limitations of existing flood mitigation infrastructure and inadequate town planning. There is a need for inter-disciplinary approaches to flood management, with strong participation from communities and local government. Two example projects are Nature-based solutions for improving community resilience to floods. This study involved engagement with councils and communities across eastern Australia. The potential for nature-based solutions to reduce flood impacts is being assessed, along with the limitations of these solutions for extreme flood events. The Peoples Catchment: This project is a collaboration between researchers and members of The Channon community in the Terania Creek catchment, developing a flood information network incorporating community operated rainfall and streamflow gauges as well as communication systems (mobile phone and radio based) and the use of social media to inform the community of the current situation.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-energy ions produced in explosions of superheated atomic clusters (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 386 (1997), S. 54-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Such experiments have become possible owing to recently developed high peak power, femtosecond lasers which are based on chirped pulse amplification and are capable of producing focused light intensity up to 1014-1019Wcm-2 (ref. 7). These high intensities have been used to study the production of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386054a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcription termination in animal viruses and cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 72 (1988), S. 91-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: RNase mapping ; Recombinant DNA ; attenuated RNA ; block in transcription elongation ; secondary structure
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(88)90130-8
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of late Simian virus 40 transcription by the attenuation mechanism and transcriptionally active ternary complexes are associated with the nuclear matrix
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Biology 172 (1984), S. 467-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2836
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(84)80018-2
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of mass transfer in the kinetics of anodic dissolution of gas-evolving metallic surfaces (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 10 (1980), S. 543-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The rate of anodic dissolution of copper in phosphoric acid above the potential where oxygen evolution takes place was studied. Variables investigated were oxygen discharge rate, phosphoric acid concentration and electrode position. The mass transfer coefficient of the anodic dissolution of copper in phosphoric acid was related to the oxygen discharge rate and the physical properties of the solution by the equations for a vertical electrode:k=aV 0.2(ρ/u)0.93 for a horizontal electrode:k=aV 0.21(ρ/u)0.93
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614088
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attenuation and modulation of mRNA secondary structure in a feedback control system regulating SV40 gene expression (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular biology reports 9 (1983), S. 91-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4978
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Alternative secondary structures can be predicted for the initial 94 nucleotides synthesized from the major transcription initiation site of SV40 late RNA: a transcription-termination conformation results in the production of aborted RNA and a readthrough conformation leads to the synthesis of the primary SV40 late RNA. In the cytoplasm similar alternative conformations can be predicted for the initial nucleotides at the 5′ ends of both the major 16S and 19S late mRNAs. In one of these alternative conformations the AUG initiation codon of the leader protein (agnoprotein) is sequestered and not available for ribosome binding. In the alternative conformation the same AUG is accessible for ribosome binding. We suggest that these mutually exclusive conformations are fundamental elements in a transcription and translation feedback control mechanism regulating the synthesis of 16S and 19S mRNA in the nucleus and the translation of their encoded proteins in the cytoplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00777479
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-order harmonic generation from organic molecules in ultra-short pulses (2001)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 14 (2001), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 42.65.Ky Harmonic generation, frequency conversion – 42.50.Hz Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multi-photon processes; dynamic Stark shift
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We have studied high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from organic molecules irradiated with near-infrared high intensity laser pulses of 70 fs and 240 fs duration. The molecular systems studied were the aromatics benzene and naphthalene and the alkanes cyclopropane and cyclohexane (cyclic) and n-hexane (linear). Harmonic intensities were measured both as a function of laser intensity (in the range 5×1013-5×1015 W cm-2) and as a function of ellipticity of the laser field polarisation. The results were compared with those from the xenon atom. For 70 fs pulses, harmonic generation from the organic systems was similar to that of xenon, revealing an atom-like behaviour for molecules when the laser pulse duration is shorter than the fragmentation timescale of the molecule. We note significant differences between molecules with respect to HHG efficiencies and the suppression of HHG in larger species. We discuss these differences in the context of the molecular properties, electronic structure and behaviour of ionisation and fragmentation that result in enhancement of field ionisation in larger systems. Study of the polarisation ellipticity dependence of HHG shows that the harmonic yield in molecules is less sensitive to the polarisation than for atoms (xenon). This is consistent with the expected behaviour given the larger recollision cross-section presented by the core in the molecular system compared to the atom. Our results suggest that study of HHG from molecules exposed to ultra-short pulses is potentially a powerful tool for understanding the electron dynamics of molecules exposed to an intense field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100530170221
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  • 9
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    Mnk earmarks eIF4E for cancer therapy (2010)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-02
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Role of the Akt pathway in mRNA translation of interferon-stimulated genes (2008)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-13
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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