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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 42 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A dieback of Acacia mearnsii trees was observed in the Mkomasi river valley, Natal Province, South Africa. A fungus, tentatively identified as Ceratocystis fimbriata, was consistently isolated from affected twigs and branches. Reinoculation of the pathogen resulted in the development of typical wilt and dieback of A. mearnsii seedlings and saplings and in a dieback of Protea cynaroides plants. This is the first report of this disease in South Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 27 (1935), S. 1135-1137 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 37 (1965), S. 1034-1035 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 29 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. The shrub Hakea sericea Schrad. is a major weed in the southern and south-western Cape Province of South Africa. A dried formulation on wheat bran of the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. was sprinkled onto plots of young H. sericea seedlings at three sites in the southwestern Cape Province. Following periods of rain, the fungus sporulated profusely on the bran and rain-splash dispersal of conidia from the bran resulted in infection of seedlings which consequently died back from the stem tips. Applications of bran inoculum during early winter when seedlings were in the cotyledonary to 20-leaf stage were more effective (93–98% mortality) than later applications (30–36% mortality).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 36 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Germinating teliospores of Uromycladium tepperianum formed penetration pegs, which directly penetrated host epidermal cells, on the tip cell of three-celled germ tubes. Diploid nuclei within teliospores appeared to divide soon after germination commenced. Only one of the daughter nuclei moved out of the teliospores with the developing germ tubes. Reactions of seedlings inoculated with teliospores from different host species and differences in teliospore dimensions indicated that distinct genotypes of U. tepperianum adapted to particular host species occur in Australia. Limited hyphal growth occurred in two of 20 African Acacia spp. inoculated with teliospores from Acacia saligna. Fungal development was, however, restricted by necrosis of surrounding host cells. U. tepperianum appears to be suitably host-specific for use as a biological control agent against Ac. saligna, a weed in South Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 28 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An electronic capacitance meter was used to estimate herbage yield from sown ranges in western USA. On an area in Arizona where the grass stand had heen sown broadcast, an r2 of 0.47 was obtained between the meter value and oven-dry weigbt estimate. Excluding tbose plots with very large amounts of standing dead organic matter (OM), or very succulent plants which had not been sown, improved yield estimates.Tests on pastures in Colorado in whicb seed had been drilled and tbe meter tested to evaluate performance in relation to drill rows showed that a common regression could be used for estimating yield. Metbods of placing the meter in relation to row directions are described which avoid a biased estimate of total pasture yield. Cutting the herbage in a 3-dimensional manner improved the r2 values over those obtained by the usual 2-dimensional cutting procedure. Separation of dead OM from living plant material did not significantly change the r2 values and showed that dead OM bad very little influence on the meter reading. This dead OM can contribute significantly to variation of the estimate about the regression line, however, and if differences in dead OM are substantial, sample sizes may need to be increased or sampling stratified to obtain an accurate yield estimate.Pertinent literature on the evolution of electronic capacitance instruments for estimating herbage yields has been presented in Part 1 of this series (3). Tbe present evaluation is restricted to the herbage yield estimates from mechanically sown pastures. The Neal Electronics Model 18–612 meter was used to make the yield estimates.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the absence of direct measurement, costs of locomotion to small swimming Crustacea (〈10 mm) have been derived exclusively through application of the fluid dynamic theory. Results indicate very low swimming costs, and contradict experimental data on larger Crustacea (15 to 100 mm) that suggest a three-fold increase in metabolic rate with increasing swimming speed. This paper introduces a swimming model that analyzes the hydrodynamic forces acting on a crustacean swimming at non-steady velocity. The model treats separately the hydrodynamic forces acting on the body and the swimming appendages, approximating the simultaneous solution of equations quantifying the drag and added-mass forces on each by stepwise integration. Input to the model is a time-series of instantaneous swimming-appendage velocities. The model output predicts a corresponding time-series of body velocities as well as the mechanical energy required to move the swimming appendages, dissipated kinetic energy, and metabolic cost of swimming. Swimming of the calanoid copepod Pleuromamma xiphias (Calanoida) was analyzed by extrapolating model parameters from data available in the literature. The model predictions agree well with empirical observations reported for larger crustaceans, in that swimming for copepods is relatively costly. The ratio of active to standard metabolism for P. xiphias was 〉3. Net cost of transport was intermediate to the values found experimentally for fish and larger crustaceans. This was a consequence of the predicted mechanical efficiency (34%) of the copepod's paddle propulsion, and of increased parasitic resistance resulting from non-steady velocity swimming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 107 (1990), S. 83-91 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract High-speed films of swimmingAcanthocyclops robustus were used to test a crustacean swimming-model based on numerical analysis of thrust production. Predicted body velocities and jump distances were usually within 75% of those observed. Most of the thrust which propels.A. robustus is produced by movements of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th thoracic swimming legs, with only small contributions from the first thoracic swimming legs. A model analyzed without the first antennae suggested that the antennae do not produce significant thrust. The leg and antennal movements could be described with trigonometric equations (cosine curves), but were best described by polynomial fits of position vs time data from the films. Patterns of swimming velocity varied among four episodes that were modeled, and followed differences in swimming-leg motions. Model results for the small (cephalothorax length = 0.6 mm) cyclopoidA. robustus and those which have been reported for the large calanoid copepodPleuromamma xiphias and other swimmers indicate that mechanical efficiency (30%) does not scale with body size, whereas jump distance (one body length), proportion of thrust generated by hydrodynamic added mass (70%), and net cost of transport,C p (40 to 109 cal g−1 km−1) do.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general method for the assay of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin in plasma has been developed and validated. The analytes are isolated from plasma by a solid-phase extraction procedure which separates the lactone and acid forms of the drugs. The lactone is converted to the acid form, which is subsequently derivatized by pentafluorobenzylation of the carboxyl group, and trimethylsilylation of the hydroxyl functions. Derivatized samples of intrinsic and converted acid are assayed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The method has sufficient sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and selectivity for the analysis of clinical samples containing the drugs administered at therapeutic doses. The method thus permits determination of both the lactone and hydroxy acid forms of lovastatin and simvastatin, and is also applicable to the assay of pravastatin.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: MK-287 is a novel platelet-activating factor antagonist. A sensitive and specific gas chromatographic/mass spectro-metric assay has been developed for the determination of the drug in serum and plasma. The assay utilizes an extraction with methyl-t-butyl ether and subsequent trimethylsilylation of the hydroxyl function. The gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric determinations are carried out with temperature-programmed capillary gas chro-matography and ammonia negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The method has sufficient sensitivity, precision, accuracy and selectivity for the analysis of drug concentrations in clinical samples.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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