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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: We analyzed the resonance characteristics of a prominent natural arch in Canyonlands National Park, Mesa Arch, as measured from ambient seismic data. Evaluating spectral and polarization attributes, we distinguished the first four resonant frequencies of the arch: 2.9, 6.0, 6.9, and 8.5 Hz, as well as basic properties of the associated mode shapes. We then affirmed experimental data using 3D numerical modal analysis, providing estimates of material properties and clarifying vibrational mode shapes. Monitoring resonant frequencies over time, we searched for shifts associated with changing environmental conditions and long-term progressive damage. We measured ~3% direct daily variation in resonant frequency associated with changing rock temperature, thermal stress and stiffening of the rock matrix. Independent tilt data showed similar diurnal cycles associated with thermo-elastic stresses and deformation of the arch. We observed no permanent resonant frequency shifts related to irreversible damage of Mesa arch during our study period.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-02-21
    Description: Wind is the major abiotic disturbance in New Zealand's planted forests, but little is known about how the risk of wind damage may be affected by future climate change. We linked a mechanistic wind damage model (ForestGALES) to an empirical growth model for radiata pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) and a process-based growth model (CenW) to predict the risk of wind damage under different future emissions scenarios and assumptions about the future wind climate. The CenW model was used to estimate site productivity for constant CO 2 concentration at 1990 values and for assumed increases in CO 2 concentration from current values to those expected during 2040 and 2090 under the B1 (low), A1B (mid-range) and A2 (high) emission scenarios. Stand development was modelled for different levels of site productivity, contrasting silvicultural regimes and sites across New Zealand. The risk of wind damage was predicted for each regime and emission scenario combination using the ForestGALES model. The sensitivity to changes in the intensity of the future wind climate was also examined. Results showed that increased tree growth rates under the different emissions scenarios had the greatest impact on the risk of wind damage. The increase in risk was greatest for stands growing at high stand density under the A2 emissions scenario with increased CO 2 concentration. The increased productivity under this scenario resulted in increased tree height, without a corresponding increase in diameter, leading to more slender trees that were predicted to be at greater risk from wind damage. The risk of wind damage was further increased by the modest increases in the extreme wind climate that are predicted to occur. These results have implications for the development of silvicultural regimes that are resilient to climate change and also indicate that future productivity gains may be offset by greater losses from disturbances. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-09-22
    Description: The natural modes of vibration of bedrock landforms, as well as the sources and effects of stimulated resonance remain poorly understood. Here we show that seismic energy created by an induced earthquake and an artificial reservoir has spectral content coincident with the natural modes of vibration of a prominent rock bridge. We measured the resonant frequencies of Rainbow Bridge, Utah using data from two broadband seismometers placed on the span, and identified eight distinct vibrational modes between 1 and 6 Hz. A distant, induced earthquake produced local ground motion rich in 1 Hz energy, stimulating a 20 dB increase in measured power at the bridge's fundamental mode. Moreover, we establish that wave action on Lake Powell, an artificial reservoir, generates microseismic energy with peak power ~1 Hz, also exciting resonance of Rainbow Bridge. These anthropogenic sources represent relatively new energy input for the bridge with unknown consequences for structural fatigue.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-02-07
    Description: Identification of BPIFA1/SPLUNC1 as an epithelium-derived smooth muscle relaxing factor Nature Communications, Published online: 6 February 2017; doi:10.1038/ncomms14118 Asthma is characterized by abnormal airway hyperresponsiveness. Here the authors identify BPIFA1 as a factor secreted by airway epithelial cells, and show that it regulates contractility of airway smooth muscle cells by binding to and regulating the Orai1 Ca 2+ channel.
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-747X
    Electronic ISSN: 1467-9663
    Topics: Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A paper describes the Space- to-Space Communications System (SSCS) Software- Defined Radio (SDR) research project to determine the most appropriate method for creating flexible and reconfigurable radios to implement wireless communications channels for space vehicles so that fewer radios are required, and commonality in hardware and software architecture can be leveraged for future missions. The ability to reconfigure the SDR through software enables one radio platform to be reconfigured to interoperate with many different waveforms. This means a reduction in the number of physical radio platforms necessary to support a space mission s communication requirements, thus decreasing the total size, weight, and power needed for a mission.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: MSC-24465-1 , NASA Tech Briefs, December 2011; 29
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: This paper presents the tool chain, methodology, and results of an on-going study being performed jointly by Space Communication Experts at NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC), General Dynamics C4 Systems (GD), and Southwest Research Institute (SwRI). The team is evaluating the applicability and tradeoffs concerning the use of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technologies for Space missions. The Space Telecommunications Radio Systems (STRS) project is developing an approach toward building SDR-based transceivers for space communications applications based on an accompanying software architecture that can be used to implement transceivers for NASA space missions. The study is assessing the overall cost and benefit of employing SDR technologies in general, and of developing a software architecture standard for its space SDR transceivers. The study is considering the cost and benefit of existing architectures, such as the Joint Tactical Radio Systems (JTRS) Software Communications Architecture (SCA), as well as potential new space-specific architectures.
    Keywords: Computer Programming and Software
    Type: IEEE/NASA Software Engineering Workshop; Apr 04, 2005 - Apr 06, 2005; Greenbelt, MD; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents the tool chain, methodology, and initial results of a study to provide a thorough, objective, and quantitative analysis of the design alternatives for space Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceivers. The approach taken was to develop a set of models and tools for describing communications requirements, the algorithm resource requirements, the available hardware, and the alternative software architectures, and generate analysis data necessary to compare alternative designs. The Space Transceiver Analysis Tool (STAT) was developed to help users identify and select representative designs, calculate the analysis data, and perform a comparative analysis of the representative designs. The tool allows the design space to be searched quickly while permitting incremental refinement in regions of higher payoff.
    Keywords: Communications and Radar
    Type: NASA/TM-2007-214828 , IEEE/NASA Software Engineering Workshop; Apr 04, 2005 - Apr 06, 2005; Greenbelt, MD; United States|29th NASA Software Engineering Workshop (SEW); Apr 03, 2005 - Apr 08, 2005; Greenbelt, MD; United States
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents the tool chain, methodology, and initial results of a study to provide a thorough, objective, and quantitative analysis of the design alternatives for space Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceivers. The approach taken was to develop a set of models and tools for describing communications requirements, the algorithm resource requirements, the available hardware, and the alternative software architectures, and generate analysis data necessary to compare alternative designs. The Space Transceiver Analysis Tool (STAT) was developed to help users identify and select representative designs, calculate the analysis data, and perform a comparative analysis of the representative designs. The tool allows the design space to be searched quickly while permitting incremental refinement in regions of higher payoff.
    Keywords: Computer Programming and Software
    Type: IEEE/NASA Software Engineering Workshop; Apr 04, 2005 - Apr 06, 2005; Greenbelt, MD; United States|29th NASA Software Engineering Workshop; Apr 03, 2005 - Apr 08, 2005; Greenbelt, MD; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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