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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biologicals from Animal Cells in Culture (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 4 (1986), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Among the biological products whose production involves animal cell cultivation techniques are viral vaccines (human and veterinary), monoclonal antibodies, cell surface antigens, enzymes, polypeptide growth factors, hormones, immunoregulators, viral bioinsecticides, tumor antigens, cell mass as a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0286-123
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Media for cultivation of animal cells: an overview (1988)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 1 (1988), S. 199-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: animal cells ; growth factors ; mammalian cells ; media ; serum ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The increasing interest in products from animal cells has caused an extensive research effort towards development of media for cell cultivation. The basic components in the media used for cultivation of animal cells vary depending upon the characters of the cells and the cultivation method. Basic components consist of an energy source, nitrogen source, vitamins, fats and fatty soluble components, inorganic salts, nucleic acid precursors, antibiotics, oxygen, pH buffering systems, hormones, growth factors and serum. Extensive efforts are directed towards developing serum-free or chemically defined media. Among the serum substitutes is a long list of hormones and growth factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00145023
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immobilized hybridoma culture perfusion system for production of monoclonal antibodies (1988)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 1 (1988), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: hybridoma ; immobilization ; monoclonal antibodies ; perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A fixed bed perfusion system for hybridoma cell immobilization is presented. The system consists of a culturing vessel (300 ml total volume) in which polyurethane (PU) sponges in the form of small cubes of about 5 mm sides are packed. Cells are immobilized by physical entrapment in the foam matrix. By entrapment of the cells in the pores of the matrix high cell concentration can be maintained in a mechanically protected environment. Medium is continuously circulated by an airlift pump mounted in the cell-free chamber (700 ml total volume). Medium flow rate, feeding rate, dissolved oxygen, pH, nutrient uptake and waste product formation can be easily monitored and controlled. Steady state conditions are established with medium dilution rates of 1.0–1.5 reactor volume per day. The steady state is characterized by a constant cell density, constant culture volume and constant glucose and lactate levels. Cell-free supernatant is collected continuously in a cold room adjacent to the 37°C culture room. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) are produced at a concentration of 150–200 μg/ml for several weeks. An important feature of the system is the capacity to maintain a population of cells after the growth phase in a non-proliferating state for extended time periods expressing high titers of MAb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365078
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting cell attachment, spreading, and growth on derivatized microcarriers. I. Establishment of working system and effect of the type of the amino-charged groups (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 469-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A working system for studying the effects of factors involved in the chemical nature of microcarriers on cell attachment, spreading, and growth was established. The system is based on polyacrylamide beads, prepared by the emulsion polymerization technique. Sieved beads of desirable mean diameter were derivatized to generate controlled amounts of primary and tertiary amino groups. These microcarriers were used for the propagation of four different cell strains: BHK, MDCK, CEF, and MRC-5. It was found that BHK cells attach and spread significantly faster on primary amino-derivatized beads than those with tertiary amino groups, and at a lower degree of charging. Cell yields of MDCK cells (with pronounced epithelial morphology) propagated on primary amino-derivatized beads were higher than that obtained for the tertiary amino-derivatized microcarriers. On the other hand, CEF and MRC-5 cells (with pronounced fibroblast morphology) achieved higher cell yields on the tertiary amino-derivatized microcarriers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250213
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors effecting cell attachment, spreading, and growth on derivatized microcarriers: II introduction of hydrophobic elements (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 2969-2980 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In a previous publication, the authors described the establishment of a working system for studing effects of factors involved in the chemical nature of a microcarrier on cell attachment, spreading, and growth. The first part of the rsearch dealt with the influence of the type and amount of the positively charged groups. In the present article, the authors will describe the effect of the introduction of hydrophobic elements onto primary amino derivatized polyacrylamide microcariers. It was found that cell attachement kinetics were gradually enhanced in parallel to a gradual increase in hydrophobicity via elongation of the hydrocarbon side-chain carrying the primary amino charged group. A threshold effect of the amount of charge required for cell attachment spreading and growth was exhibited on all the tested primary amino derivatized microcarriers. Optimum cell growth was recorded for the butylamine and hexylamine polyacrylamide microcarris. Lowre cell yields were recorded for ethylamine and octylamine derivatives. The location of the introduced hydrophobic element has a profound effect on cell propagation. Introduction of hydrophobicity onto the polymeric backbone of the microcarrier (via copolymerization of hydrophobic comonomer) lead to negative influence on cell attachement and growth yields. Out of the series of derivatized polyacrylamide microcarriers tested, it seems that the hexylamine derivative may be a potential alternative for the commonly used tertiary amine microcariers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260251213
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  • 6
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    Biologicals from Animal Cells in Culture (1986)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0733-222X
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 7
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    An immobilized hybridoma culture perfusion system for production of monoclonal antibodies (1988)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0920-9069
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0778
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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