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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical Synthesis of the Isomeric Dimeric Esters of β-Hydroxybutyric Acid* (1965)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 4 (1965), S. 453-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00879a012
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Near-infrared femtosecond photoionization/dissociation of cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 8670-8673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pulses of 780 nm light of duration 170 fs and power densities up to 3.8×1013 W cm−2 are used to study the photoionization/dissociation processes in the series of gas phase, cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. The near-infrared ionization process leads to the production of intact molecular ions for all of the molecules studied. Measurements of the ion intensity as a function of laser fluence revealed the order of the ultrafast ionization process to be 8.0±0.1 for anthracene, 6.9±0.1 for phenanthrene, 8.5±0.1 for naphthalene, and 8.1±0.1 for benzene. The relative femtosecond photoionization cross section decreased from 1.0 for anthracene to 0.2 for phenanthrene to 0.1 for naphthalene to ∼0.005 for benzene. The relative order and cross section of the femtosecond ionization processes suggest that a field ionization mechanism is operative. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.468969
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and Properties of a D(-)-β-Hydroxybutyric Dimer Hydrolase from Rhodospirillum rubrum* (1966)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 5 (1966), S. 3563-3568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00875a026
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate). I. Purification, composition, and properties of native poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) granules from Bacillus megaterium (1968)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 7 (1968), S. 3676-3681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00850a047
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrections - Metabolism of Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. II. Enzymatic Synthesis of D-(-)-β-Hydroxybutyryl Coenzyme A by an Enoyl Hydrase from Rhodospirillum rumbrum (1970)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 9 (1970), S. 1048-1048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00806a601
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concerning the ionization of large polyatomic molecules with intense ultrafast lasers (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 11368-11375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relative photoionization/dissociation probabilities are presented for the molecules benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene upon interaction with 780 nm laser radiation of duration 170 fs and intensity 3.8×1013 W cm−2. Both the ionization probability and the dissociation yield increase exponentially from benzene to anthracene as measured by time-of-flight mass spectra. A structure-based model is presented for the excitation of large polyatomic molecules by intense laser irradiation with pulse widths on the time scale of molecular vibration (100 fs) and with peak field strengths of 1–2 V Å−1. The model accounts for molecular structure and is able to accurately predict the transition from multiphoton ionization (MPI) to tunnel ionization. It is also demonstrated that this structure-based model can quantitatively predict the experimentally measured ionization probabilities. In comparison, models employing the more conventional zero-range potential do not accurately predict either the transition or the relative ion yield measured experimentally. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479077
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculating the Keldysh adiabaticity parameter for atomic, diatomic, and polyatomic molecules (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 7739-7742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A numerical model is presented to determine the Keldysh adiabaticity parameter for the interaction of an intense laser with a polyatomic molecule. The adiabaticity parameter is a guide to determining whether the ionization process is in the field or multiphoton ionization regime. The adiabaticity parameters are compared for potentials including the simple zero-range potential, the Coulomb potential, an atomic potential (Xe), a diatomic (N2) molecular potential, and a polyatomic (C6H6) molecular potential. It is demonstrated that the Coulomb potential is approximately equal to the atomic and diatomic potentials and differs from the zero-range potential employed in the Keldysh model in a way which is predominantly dependent upon the ionization potential. Both simple models substantially overestimate the adiabaticity parameter for C6H6 at all field strengths and at fields above 1.25 V/Å both simple models become completely unphysical. This is because barrier suppression ionization is predicted to occur for benzene above 1.25 V/Å using the ab initio potential. This field for barrier suppression ionization is significantly lower than the 1.5 V/Å field predicted using the Coulomb model. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476208
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientational averaging in the intense field tunnel ionization of molecules (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 1553-1558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of molecular structure and orientation on the rate of tunnel ionization in intense laser fields is considered for linear molecules. The nonspherical nature of the molecular electrostatic potential near the classical electron turning point results in a nonisotropic distribution of tunneling rates. This must be considered when determining the overall ionization rate of a randomly oriented ensemble. Calculations are performed for two atom:molecule test pairs with similar ionization potential, Ar:N2 and Xe:O2, and the results are compared to experiments [Talebpour, Chien, and Chin, J. Phys. B 29, L677 (1996); Guo et al., Phys. Rev. A 58, R4271 (1998)]. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481941
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting intense field laser ionization probabilities: The application to C2Hn species (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 2865-2868 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A structure-based tunneling mechanism developed to predict the ionization of molecules subjected to intense, ultrafast irradiation is tested on the series of C2 hydrocarbons: acetylene, ethylene, and ethane. Relative ionization probabilities (1, 4.1, and 8.7 for ethane, acetylene, and ethylene, respectively) are measured upon excitation with 780 nm, 125 fs pulses of 6×1013 W cm−2 and compared to predictions of the model (1, 4.1, and 7.9 for ethane, acetylene, and ethylene, respectively). Ionization probabilities determined via the ADK (Ammosov, Delone, and Krainov) model for atomic ionization (1, 2.7, and 13.1 for ethane, acetylene, and ethylene, respectively) are shown to be near those of the structure-based model. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479568
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of electron delocalization in the ionization of C6 hydrocarbons using intense 780 nm laser pulses of femtosecond duration (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 7045-7048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photoionization/dissociation mass spectra are reported for the series of molecules benzene (C6H6), 1,3,5-hexatriene (C6H8), cyclohexane (C6H12), and n-hexane (C6H14) as a function of laser power intensity from 1 to 3.8×1013 W cm−2 using a pulse duration of 170 fs and wavelength 780 nm. The ionization orders are localized around 8.3 for benzene, 1,3,5-hexatriene, and cyclohexane and the relative ionization probabilities are measured to be 1,79, and 0.15, respectively. No ion current was observed for n-hexane. The dissociation yield is observed to increase exponentially as a function of the number of atoms in the molecule with cyclohexane undergoing the most dissociation and benzene undergoing essentially no dissociation. These observations are interpreted in light of a field ionization model that incorporates both the ionization potential and the electronic and nuclear structure of the molecule.© 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476121
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