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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histochemical study of the oxidation of 17β-estradiol in human term placenta at different incubation conditions (1972)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 29 (1972), S. 305-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study deals with the histochemical demonstration of 17β-estradiol dehydrogenase in human term placenta using the polyvinyl alcohol method to reduce diffusion artefacts. Incubations took place with both NAD+ and NADP+ as coenzymes and at different pH values of the incubation medium. The NAD+ linked enzyme reaction showed a greater activity than the NADP+ linked, both in the trophoblast as well as in connective tissue. There were differences in staining intensity at the different pH values, and strongest reaction was observed using glycine-NaOH buffer pH 10 in the incubation medium. Owing to a non-enzymatically reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium by reduced NAD+, the demonstration of 17β-estradiol dehydrogenase is independent of diaphorase at this high pH. The findings are discussed in relation to data about “nothing dehydrogenase” and biochemically determined pH optima for the enzymatic reactions dealt with in this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279813
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of 17β-estradiol on the distribution and activity of some oxydative enzymes of uterine and cervical epithelium in neonatal mice (1972)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 33 (1972), S. 159-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The following enzymes were studied histochemically in uterine and cervical epithelium from neonatal mice treated with 17β-estradiol for the first four days after birth: NADH-, NADPH-, succinate-, α-glycerophosphate-, lactate-, glucose-6-phosphate-, and 17β-OH-steroid dehydrogenases. It was demonstrated that estradiol administration had a marked influence on distribution and activity of several of the enzymes compared with the control animals. In cervix there was an increase of activity for most of the enzymes, especially in the apical parts of the epithelium cells. The uterine epithelium was also estradiol sensitive as regards most enzymes, and in the case of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase there was a dramatic enhancement of reaction in the uterus of the experimental animals. The differences obtained between cervical and uterine epithelium are described. 17β-OH-steroid dehydrogenase could not be detected histochemically in the present material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305743
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone on diffusion artifacts in lactate dehydrogenase histochemistry (1970)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 24 (1970), S. 354-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), alone and in combination, on diffusion artifacts in histochemical incubations has been investigated using LDH as model enzyme. By measuring the amount of formazan in the medium at the end of the incubation it has been shown that both substances, but especially PVA, are effective in limiting diffusion. The significance of this is discussed in general as well as in relation to other procedures used to reduce diffusion artifacts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278221
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme histochemical studies of autotransplanted nasal septum in the rat (1974)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 39 (1974), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The following enzymes were studied histochemically in autotransplanted nasal septum cartilage, and nasal septum cartilage in situ from the same animals at intervals verying from 3 days to 8 weeks: Succinate, α-glycerophosphate and lactate tetrazolium reductases; alkaline and acid phosphatases. Slight differences were found between the experimental and control animals at the early stages for several of the enzymes tested, but at later stages the differences were negligible. The results are described and discussed in relationship to the role of the nasal septum as a factor in facial growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02428552
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of succinate-, α-glycerophosphate-, NADH-, and NADPH dehydrogenases (tetrazolium reductases) in the hippocampal region of the rat during postnatal development (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 141 (1973), S. 347-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hippocampal region (rat) ; Distribution of dehydrogenases ; Postnatal development ; Histochemistry ; Light microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Succinate-, α-glycerophosphate-, NADH-, and NADPH dehydrogenases (tetrazolium reductases) were studied histochemically in brain sections. The distribution of these enzymes in the hippocampal region was mapped in different postnatal stages. In addition to the hippocampus and the dentate area which have also been dealt with by other authors, the description includes the entorhinal area, parasubiculum, presubiculum, and subiculum. In all the areas of the hippocampal region the enzyme activity is first localized mainly in cell bodies. Activity in the neuropil shows a tendency to increase with age throughout the stages studied. Examples of particularly early or late differentiation of the histochemical pattern exist. Thus already after 4–6 days the differentiated staining pattern in the hippocampal layers as seen in the adult, begins to appear. In the entorhinal area the early enzyme distribution agrees with that in the adult and facilitates identification of its layers. After 22 days the fundamental enzyme chemoarchitectonics of the adult rat brain has been obtained. Histochemical characteristics of the different areas, support the view that the hippocampal region constitutes an entity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307411
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of acetylcholinesterase in the hippocampal region of the rat during postnatal development (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 141 (1973), S. 375-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hippocampal region (rat) ; AChE distribution ; Postnatal development ; Histochemistry ; Light microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the hippocampal region was studied histochemically in different postnatal stages. Enzyme changes are described for the hippocampus proper, the dentate area, the entorhinal area, parasubiculum, area retrosplenialis e, presubiculum, and subiculum. In 1 day old animals there are only traces of AChE in solitary perikarya of the hippocampal stratum radiatum, while there is no activity in the neuropil. This is in contrast to other regions of the brain, e.g. the corpus striatum and the medial septum. Enzyme activity in the neuropil, although very weak, is seen clearly on the 2nd day. While the enzyme reaction in some cell soma seems to be permanent and also present in adult rats, other cell bodies, e.g. in the entorhinal area lose AChE activity during the last part of the 2nd week and in the 3rd week. Similar observations have been made on other parts of the central nervous system. The main features of chemodifferentiation in the hippocampal region seem to be completed by the end of the third week, although most layers and areas have not yet achieved the same high staining intensity as seen in the adult rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307412
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of lactate dehydrogenase (Lactate tetrazolium reductase) in the hippocamal region of the rat. A reinvestigation with the polyvinyl alcohol method (1971)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 120 (1971), S. 187-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hippocampal region ; Chemoarchitectonics ; Lactate dehydrogenase ; Polyvinyl alcohol method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The histochemical distribution of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the hippocampal region of the rat was studied using a viscous incubation medium with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to reduce diffusion from fresh frozen sections. A relatively high concentration of Nitro blue tetrazolium was used, and the sections were incubated with phenazine methosulfate (PMS) to render the LDH demonstration independent of endogenous diaphorase activity. In an incubation method without PMS the hippocampal region essentially presented that formazan distribution shown earlier to be characteristic of mitochondrial enzymes (NADH-dehydrogenase and others). In the hippocampus the stratum radiatum of regio superior showed a lower activity than the neighbouring stratum moleculare as a part of this pattern. Including PMS in the viscous medium gave a strong enhancement of the staining in stratum radiatum, so that the relationship mentioned between radiatum and moleculare was reversed. When the incubation mixture contained both PMS and 2.75 M urea, some of the LDH was inhibited and the reaction in stratum radiatum again became lower. The effect of urea on brain LDH was compared with the results of incubations of heart and liver sections (serving as sources of respectively H- and M-varieties of LDH isoenzymes) with urea in the medium. This study showed that inclusion of PVA in the medium and a high concentration of Nitro blue tetrazolium gave chemoarchitectonic patterns of LDH in good agreement with earlier descriptions of the distribution of LDH, but displaying some quantitative differences (differences in relative activities) in certain areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335535
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of monoamine oxidase in the hippocampal region of the rat (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 354-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hippocampal region ; Rat ; Monoamine oxidase ; Chemoarchitectonics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The distribution of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the hippocampal region of the rat has been studied in cryostat sections with the tryptamine-tetrazolium method of Glenner et al. 2. The staining pattern was rather diffuse as compared with the distribution of MAO in the guinea pig and of other enzymes in the rat hippocampal region. 3. However, there were differences in enzyme activity between different areas and layers which could be correlated to some degree with results obtained with other methods, e.g., silver impregnation, catecholamines, and acetylcholinesterase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355036
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative enzymes (tetrazolium reductases) in the hippocampal region of the rat (1967)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 78 (1967), S. 167-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study deals with the activity and distribution of the following tetrazolium (Nitro-BT) reductases in the hippocampal region of the rat: NADH-,NADPH-, α-glycerophosphate-, succinate-, the NAD+-linked lactate-, malate-, isocitrate-, glutamate-, β-HO-butyrate-, the NADP+-linked glucose-6-phosphate-, malate-, and isocitrate tetrazolium reductases. Several architectonic pictures of enzyme distribution were obtained, the number of which was further increased by adding to the incubation media phenazine methosulfate, which is supposed to function as an electron transport agent. The laminar patterns of the various enzymes are described and commented on for each cortical area (p. 173). Then the patterns of parcellation resulting from the changes of laminar patterns are presented (p. 198). There is an excellent agreement between enzyme distribution and previously established architectural landmarks. Finally some aspects of the observations are discussed and correlated to earlier enzyme histochemical and neurobiochemical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334762
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some enzyme histochemical characteristics of the human hippocampus (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 181 (1977), S. 459-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hippocampus ; Human ; Distribution of enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The histochemical distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (α-GPDH) was studied in the area dentata and hippocampus proper of the human brain. Although differences did exist, there were many features in common with the distribution of these two enzymes in the rat and guinea pig. The laminar chemoarchitectonic picture was not as distinct in the human brain as in the rat and guinea pig. Most of the AChE reaction products were confined to the neuropil, with the strongest staining intensity in supra- and infrapyramidal zones. The layer of mossy fibres (stratum lucidum), was characteristically pale. On the other hand, AChE-positive cell bodies were observed in the hilus of the area dentata and a few scattered cells in the hippocampus proper. The AChE reaction products were sparse in the pyramidal cells, conforming similar observations in the rat and guinea pig. Based on our previous description of the AChE-positive cell bodies and fibres in the human septum and a considerable body of experimental material obtained in the rat, it is suggested that most of the AChE in the dentate area and the hippocampus proper is confined to terminals of cholinergic septal efferents in both man and other species. α-GPDH was particularly reactive in the cell layers, hilus fasciae dentatae and the layer of mossy fibers. These observations are similar to those described for the rat and guinea pig. They indicate, furthermore, a particular metabolic property common to the archicortex of man and other species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221768
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