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Passive Margins: Tectonics, Sedimentation and Magmatism (2020)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; McClay, Ken R. ; Hammerstein, James A.

London : The Geological Society

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Keywords: passive margins; Atlantic margins; Brazilian margin; Cote de Ivoire margin; Red Sea margin; Mediterranean margin; Gulf of Mexico margin; Shelf margin of Australia

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction / Ken McClay and James Hammerstein / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 1-9, 26 March 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476-2019-246 --- Professor David Gwyn Roberts – a Life in Geoscience / Keith D. Gerdes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 11-21, 1 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.7 --- Reappraisal of the magma-rich versus magma-poor rifted margin archetypes / Julie Tugend, Morgane Gillard, Gianreto Manatschal, Michael Nirrengarten, Caroline Harkin, Marie-Eva Epin, Daniel Sauter, Julia Autin, Nick Kusznir and Ken McDermott / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 23-47, 2 May 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.9 --- Extensional fault-related folding in the northwestern Red Sea, Egypt: segmented fault growth, fault linkages, corner folds and basin evolution / Samir M. Khalil and Ken R. McClay / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 49-81, 1 January 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.12 --- Crustal structure of the conjugate Equatorial Atlantic Margins, derived by gravity anomaly inversion / Nick J. Kusznir, Alan M. Roberts and Andrew D. Alvey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 83-107, 19 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.5 --- Insights into the Early Evolution of the Côte d'Ivoire Margin (West Africa) / Nicola Scarselli, Gregor Duval, Javier Martin, Ken McClay and Steve Toothill / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 109-133, 16 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.8 --- Estimating palaeobathymetry with quantified uncertainties: a workflow illustrated with South Atlantic data / L. Pérez-Díaz and G. Eagles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 135-162, 1 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.1 --- Crustal structure of the central sector of the NE Brazilian equatorial margin / Javier Tamara, Ken R. McClay and Neil Hodgson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 163-191, 4 March 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476-2019-54 --- ‘Ductile v. Brittle’ – Alternative structural interpretations for the Niger Delta / Pedro A Restrepo-Pace / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 193-204, 7 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.2 --- Orthorhombic faulting in the Beagle Sub-basin, North West Shelf, Australia / K. D. McCormack and K. R. McClay / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 205-230, 23 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.3 --- Fault-scarp degradation in the central Exmouth Plateau, North West Shelf, Australia / Awad Bilal, Ken McClay and Nicola Scarselli / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 231-257, 5 July 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.11 --- Tectono-stratigraphy of the Dampier Sub-basin, North West Shelf of Australia / Hongdan Deng and Ken McClay / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 259-285, 25 July 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476-2018-180 --- The impact of base-salt relief on salt flow and suprasalt deformation patterns at the autochthonous, paraautochthonous and allochthonous level: insights from physical models / Tim P. Dooley, Michael R. Hudec, Leonardo M. Pichel and Martin P. A. Jackson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 287-315, 1 January 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.13 --- Role of outer marginal collapse on salt deposition in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, Campos and Santos basins / James Pindell, Rod Graham and Brian W. Horn / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 317-331, 6 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.4 --- The South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico salt basins: crustal thinning, subsidence and accommodation for salt and presalt strata / Mark G. Rowan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 333-363, 17 April 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.6 --- Tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the SE Mediterranean passive margin, offshore Egypt and Libya / Lydia J. Jagger, Tim G. Bevan and Ken R. McClay / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 365-401, 12 June 2018, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476.10 --- Contourites along the Iberian continental margins: conceptual and economic implications / Estefanía Llave, F. Javier Hernández-Molina, Marga García, Gemma Ercilla, Cristina Roque, Carmen Juan, Anxo Mena, Benedict Preu, David Van Rooij, Michele Rebesco, Rachel Brackenridge, Gloria Jané, María Gómez-Ballesteros and Dorrik Stow / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 476, 403-436, 3 December 2019, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP476-20

Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 447 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

ISBN: 9781786203854

URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/476/1

Language: English

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Fabrics of deformed sulphides (1983)

McClay, Ken R.

Springer

International journal of earth sciences 72 (1983), S. 469-491

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ISSN: 1437-3262

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Determination of preferred orientations in sulphide ores is an important facet in the analysis of the deformation and metamorphism in ore deposits. The methodology and problems of texture determinations in deformed sulphides are briefly reviewed. Deformation mechanisms and texture development in the common sulphide minerals are summarised. Axi-symmetric experimental deformation of galena, sphalerite and chalcopyrite produces similar pole figures with the (110) planes aligned normal to the compression axis. Deformation textures in naturally deformed sulphides however are best preserved in monomineralic ores which have undergone simple shear deformation. These textures can be correlated with the microstructures found in the sulphides. Computer simulations of deformation textures arising from dislocation mechanisms can be used to interpret the textures but the results to date are preliminary. These theoretical models emphasize the importance of the symmetry of the kinematic axes of the deformation, the operative glide systems and the strain history and the deformation path. Little is known, however, of the influence of static and dynamic recrystallisation on sulphide preferred orientations.

Abstract: Résumé La détermination des orientations préférentielles dans les minerais sulfurés est un côté important dans l'analyse de la déformation et du métamorphisme dans les gîtes métallifères. La méthodologie et les problèmes des déformations texturales dans les sulfures déformés est brièvement revue. Les mécanismes de la déformation et le développement textural dans les minéraux sulfurés courants sont résumés. La déformation expérimentale axi-symétriaue de la galène, de la blende et de la chalcopyrite produit des figures polaires semblables, avec les plans (110) alignés normalement à l'axe de compression. Les textures de déformation dans les sulfures déformés par voie naturelle sont cependant les mieux conservées dans les minerais monominéraliques qui ont subi une simple déformation cisaillante. Ces textures peuvent être mises en relation avec les microstructures trouvées dans les sulfures. Des simulations par computer des textures de déformation issues de mécanismes de dislocation peuvent être utilisés pour interpréter les textures, mais les résultats n'ont qu'une valeur préliminaire. Ces modèles théoriques soulignent l'importance de la symétrie des axes cinématiques de la déformation, les systèmes de glissement en action et l'histoire des contraintes et la voie de la déformation. On connaît cependant peu de l'influence de la recristallisation statique et dynamique sur les orientations préférentielles dans les sulfures.

Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Bestimmung der Regelung von Sulfiderzen ist ein wichtiger Gesichtspunkt bei der Analyse der Deformation und Metarmorphose von Erzlagerstätten. Methoden und Probleme der Texturbestimmung an verformten Sulfiden werden in einer kurzen Übersicht erläutert. Verformungsmechanismen und die Entwicklung von Texturen der häufigsten Sulfidminerale werden zusammengestellt. Axialsymmetrische Verformungsversuche an Bleiglanz, Zinkblende und Kupferkies führen zu ähnlichen Vorzugsorientierungen, bei denen sich die (110)-Ebenen senkrecht zur Stauachse einregeln. Texturen natürlich verformter Sulfiderze sind am besten in monomineralischen Erzen erhalten, die durch einfache Scherung entstanden sind. Die Texturen derartiger Erze können mit den Mikrostrukturen der Sulfidminerale korreliert werden. Simulationen von Texturen mit Hilfe von Rechenprogrammen, in die als wirksame Mechanismen Versetzungsleitungen eingebracht werden, können zur Interpretation der Verformungstexturen herangezogen werden; die Ergebnisse sind jedoch erst als erste Schritte in dieser Richtung anzusehen. Die theoretischen Modelle heben die Bedeutung hervor, die die Symmetrie der kinematischen Achsen der Deformation und die wirkenden Gleitsysteme haben, und die Einflüsse, die von der Verformungsgeschichte und dem Verformungsweg bestimmt sind. Bis jetzt ist nur wenig über die Wirkung einer statischen oder dynamischen Rekristallisation auf die Einregelung der Sulfidminerale bekannt.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01822078

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The spatial and temporal evolution of strain during the separation of Australia and Antarctica (2013)

Ball, Philip ; Eagles, Graeme ; Ebinger, Cynthia ; [et al.]

In: EPIC3Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, pp. n/a-n/a, ISSN: 15252027

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Publication Date: 2019-07-17

Description: A re-evaluation of existing onshore and offshore gravity, magnetic, seismic reflection, and well data from the Australo-Antarctic margins suggests that magmatism and along-strike lithospheric heterogeneities have influenced the localization of initial rifting. The 3D crustal architecture of the Australian and Antarctic margins, which formed during multiple rifting episodes spanning ~80 My, reveal local asymmetries along strike. Rift structures from the broad, late Jurassic (165-145 Ma) rift zone are partially overprinted by a narrower, mid-to-late Cretaceous rift zone ~100 Ma, which evolved in highly extended crust. This late-stage rift zone is located within a region of heterogeneous crust with faults that cut late syn-rift strata, interpreted as a continent ocean transition zone. This late stage transitional rift is populated by seismically identified rift-parallel basement highs and intra-crustal bodies with corresponding positive Bouguer gravity and magnetic anomalies. These undrilled features can be interpreted as exposures of exhumed mantle rocks, lower crustal rocks and/or as discrete magmatic bodies. Our results suggest that strain across an initially broad Australo-Antarctic rift system (165-145 Ma) migrated to a narrow rift zone with some magmatism at 100-83 Ma. Breakup did not occur until ~53 Ma within the eastern Bight-Wilkes and Otway-Adélie margin sectors, suggesting a west to east propagation of seafloor spreading. The prolonged eastwards propagation of seafloor spreading processes and the increased asymmetry of the Australian-Antarctic margins coincides with a change from rift-perpendicular to oblique rifting processes, which in turn coincide with along- strike variations in cratonic to Palaeozoic lithosphere.

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , isiRev

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Analogue models of delta systems above ductile substrates (2003)

McClay, Ken ; Dooley, Tim ; Zamora, Gonzalo

In: Geological Society Special Publication 216: 411-428.

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Publication Date: 2003-01-01

Description: Delta systems developed above ductile substrates such as overpressured shales and salt have been modelled using layered sand-packs above ductile silicone polymer layers. Gravity spreading of progradational sedimentary wedges produces delta-top and upper delta-slope grabens linked to delta-toe contractional fold-thrust and diapir zones. The delta-top grabens are bound by both regional and counter-regional listric growth faults. A basinward-stepping sequence of regional, counter-regional followed by regional faulting is commonly developed. Polymer pillows and ridges commonly develop in the footwalls of the major listric extensional faults and may evolve into reactive diapirs. Successive progradational loads generate new delta-top or upper delta-slope graben systems on top of older contractional belts where the ductile polymer layer has been thickened significantly. The analogue model results in cross-section show many similarities to examples of natural deltas and differential sedimentary load systems such as offshore Angola, the Niger and Nile Deltas, Kutai Basin, Kalimantan, the Baram delta, Brunei and the Orinoco delta, Columbus basin and offshore Trinidad.

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Tectonic inversion of salt-detached ramp-syncline basins as illustrated by analog modeling and kinematic restoration (2018)

Roma, Maria ; Vidal-Royo, Oskar ; McClay, Ken ; [et al.]

Society of Exploration Geophysicists

In: Interpretation. 2018; 6(1): T127-T144. Published 2018 Feb 01. doi: 10.1190/int-2017-0073.1.

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Publication Date: 2018-02-01

Description: Salt-detached ramp-syncline basins are developed in extensional settings and are characterized by wide synclinal sedimentary basins detached on salt and formed above the hanging wall of active ramp-flat-ramp extensional faults. They are rarely fault bounded; instead, they are bounded by salt structures that are in general parallel to the major subsalt structures. As such, the formation of these extensional systems requires the presence of (1) a subsalt extensional fault with significant dip changes and (2) an evaporitic unit above the extensional fault, which partially or completely decouples the basin from a subsalt extensional fault. Salt-detached ramp-syncline basins have a significant exploration potential when their extensional geometry is preserved and when they have undergone positive tectonic inversion and consequent uplift and fold amplification. However, in some cases, their subsalt geometry may not be fully recognizable, especially when subsalt seismic imaging is poor. To obtain a deeper understanding of the geometry and kinematic evolution of these salt-detached ramp-syncline basins, we performed a series of analog modeling experiments, in which the models’ cross sections had been sequentially restored. Analog models and restoration results reveal that the kinematic evolution of the salt-detached ramp-syncline basins during extension and inversion depends on the interaction of different factors that may function simultaneously. Our results are used to improve the interpretation of seismic sections in inverted Mesozoic salt-detached ramp-syncline basins on the Atlantic margins, where subsalt faults are not well-imaged, and thus the suprasalt geometries must be used to infer the subsalt structure.

Print ISSN: 2324-8858

Electronic ISSN: 2324-8866

Topics: Geosciences

Published by Society of Exploration Geophysicists

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Morphotectonics domains and structural styles in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Iran (2007)

Grando, Gianluca ; McClay, Ken

Elsevier

In: Sedimentary Geology. 2007; 196(1-4): 157-179. Published 2007 Mar 01. doi: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2006.05.030.

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Publication Date: 2007-03-01

Print ISSN: 0037-0738

Electronic ISSN: 1879-0968

Topics: Geosciences

Published by Elsevier

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Growth of triangle zone fold-thrusts within the NW Borneo deep-water fold belt, offshore Sabah, southern South China Sea (2019)

Wu, Jonny ; McClay, Ken ; de Vera, Jose

Geological Society of America

In: Geosphere. 2019; 16(1): 329-356. Published 2019 Dec 19. doi: 10.1130/ges02106.1.

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Publication Date: 2019-12-19

Description: The NW Borneo deep-water fold-and-thrust belt, offshore Sabah, southern South China Sea, contains a structurally complex region of three to four seafloor ridges outboard of the shelf-slope break. Previous studies have suggested the seafloor ridges formed either above shale diapirs produced by mass movement of overpressured shales (i.e., mobile shale) or above an imbricate fold-and-thrust array. Here, we performed tectonostratigraphic analyses on a petroleum industry three-dimensional (3-D) seismic volume that imaged the full growth stratal record. We show fold growth history, deformation styles, along-strike structural variabilities, and synkinematic sedimentation during triangle zone–style fold growth. Nine seismic horizons within growth strata were mapped and correlated to petroleum industry seismostratigraphy. Synkinematic sedimentation interactions with growing folds and near-surface strains were analyzed from seismic attribute maps. We interpret that the seafloor structures were formed by imbricate thrusts above multiple detachments. We estimate ∼8 km minimum shortening since the late Miocene ca. 10 Ma. The folds show oversteepened fold forelimbs, back-rotated backlimbs, and forward-vergent (NW to NNW) “blind” thrust ramps that terminate within the growth strata. Fold cores show evidence of internal shear. Immature folds show detachment fold geometries, whereas mature folds show forelimb break thrusts, type I triangle zones, and rotated forward-vergent roof thrusts. Thrust linkages spaced ∼10 km apart were exploited as thrust top synkinematic sedimentation pathways; the linkages also partition near-surface strains. Our comprehensive, three-dimensional documentation of triangle zone fold growth and sedimentation in a deep-water fold belt highlights internal shear, multiple detachments, and opposite thrust vergence; mobile shales are not required to explain the deformation.

Electronic ISSN: 1553-040X

Topics: Geosciences

Published by Geological Society of America

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