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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Vertebrates. ; Paleontology . ; Evolution (Biology). ; Anatomy, Comparative. ; Vertebrate Zoology. ; Paleontology. ; Evolutionary Biology. ; Animal Anatomy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Basic Terminology and the Broader Phylogenetic and Geological Framework -- Chapter 3. Palaeognathous Birds -- Chapter 4. Pelagornithidae, Gastornithidae, and Crown Group Galloanseres -- Chapter 5. Mirandornithes (Grebes and Flamingos), Charadriiformes (Shorebirds and Allies), and Gruiformes (Rails, Cranes, and Allies) -- Chapter 6. Opisthocomiformes (Hoatzins), “Columbaves” (Doves, Cuckoos, Bustards, and Allies), and Strisores (Nightjars, Swifts, Hummingbirds, and Allies) -- Chapter 7. Phaethontiformes and Aequornithes: The Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Neaovian Taxa -- Chapter 8. Accipitriformes (New World Vultures, Hawks, and Allies), Falconiformes (Falcons), and Cariamiformes (Seriemas and Allies) -- Chapter 9. Psittacopasseres – Psittaciformes (Parrots) and Passeriformes (Passerines) -- Chapter 10. Strigiformes (Owls), Coliiformes (Mousebirds), and Cavitaves (Trogons, Rollers, Woodpeckers, and Allies) -- Chapter 11. Paleogene Avifaunas: A Synopsis of General Biogeographic and Paleoecological Aspects.
    Abstract: This second, completely revised edition of “Paleogene fossil birds” gives a comprehensive, updated overview of the avian fossil record from a geological period that lasted from the end-Cretaceous mass extinction event (66 million years ago) to the end of the Oligocene epoch (23 mya). Paleogene avifaunas are highly diversified and not only feature unusual archaic groups without close living relatives but also offer unique insights into the evolution and biogeographic history of extant birds. The main body of the book constitutes an in-depth survey of the known diversity of Paleogene avifaunas. The reader is introduced into basic skeletal features of extinct avian taxa, with these fossil forms being placed into a phylogenetic context in the light of current hypotheses on the interrelationships of extant birds. The geographical and temporal occurrences of the various fossil groups are outlined and their evolutionary significance is discussed. Concluding sections inform more general aspects of Paleogene avifaunas, such as possible causes of major faunal changes. In addition to being a reference work for the early evolution of modern birds from a paleornithological perspective, the present work also enables researchers in other fields of vertebrate paleontology to gain an improved understanding of Paleogene ecosystems. Numerous color photos of representative specimens furthermore make the new edition attractive to a wider audience interested in the avian fossil record.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 239 p. 106 illus., 100 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030876456
    Series Statement: Fascinating Life Sciences,
    DDC: 596
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-06-20
    Description: A partial skeleton of the putative stem group roller Septencoracias is described from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, UK). With an age of about 55 million years, the bones represent one of the earliest fossil records of a coraciiform bird. The new fossil reveals that the proximal pedal phalanges of the three anterior toes of Septencoracias exhibit markedly widened distal ends. This distinctive trait is not found in other representatives of the Coracii, but occurs in the Meropidae (bee-eaters). The quadrate likewise exhibit a derived characteristic of the Meropidae, and the beak is narrower than in rollers. These previously unnoticed features are of particular interest, because the Meropidae result as the sister taxon of the Coracii in sequence-based analyses. Calibrated molecular data suggest that the divergence between the Coracii and the Meropidae occurred at 55.6 Ma, with the new fossil being only slightly younger than this date. However, phylogenetic analyses recovered Septencoracias within the Coracii, so that the derived features shared with the Meropidae most likely are either plesiomorphic and were lost in the Coracii, or they represent parallelisms that evolved convergently in Septencoracias and the Meropidae. In any case, these traits suggest that Septencoracias differed from extant rollers in its ecological preferences and foraging mode.
    Description: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt (3507)
    Keywords: ddc:568 ; Coracii ; Fossil birds ; Walton-on-the-Naze ; Ypresian
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 399 (1999), S. 317-318 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The timing of the origin of modern birds is much debated. The traditional view, based largely on the fossil record, suggests that most modern groups did not appear until the Tertiary, after the end-Cretaceous extinction event, but recent work, based on molecular divergence data, has suggested ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 141 (2000), S. 85-92 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Keywords: Coliiformes ; Coliidae ; Oligocene ; Oligocolius brevitarsus n. gen. n. sp. ; wing proportions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine neue Gattung und Art der Mausvögel (Coliiformes: Coliidae) wird aus dem Oligozän (Rupel) von Frauenweiler bei Wiesloch (Baden-Württemberg, Deutschland) beschrieben.Oligocolius brevitarsus n. gen. n. sp. ist der erste oligozäne Mausvogel und eines der vollständigsten Skelette frühtertiärer Coliidae, das bisher gefunden wurde. Das neue Taxon hat einen kräftiger entwickelten Flügel und einen viel kürzeren Tarsometatarsus als rezente Mausvögel und war wahrscheinlich an einen Flug angepaßt, der ausdauernder als bei rezenten Arten war.
    Notes: Summary A new species and genus of mousebird (Coliiformes: Coliidae) from the Oligocene (Rupelian) of Frauenweiler near Wiesloch (Baden-Württemberg, Germany) is described.Oligocolius brevitarsus n. gen. n. sp. is the first Oligocene mousebird and one of the most complete skeletons of early Tertiary Coliidae to have come to light so far. The new taxon has a more strongly developed wing and a much shorter tarsometatarsus than recent mousebirds and was probably adapted to a more sustained flight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 139 (1998), S. 121-129 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Keywords: fossil birds ; Hassiavis laticauda n. gen. n. sp. ; Archaeotrogonidae Mourer-Chauviré 1980 ; feather preservation ; phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Vogel aus dem Mittel-Eozän der Grube Messel (Hessen, Deutschland) wird als neue Gattung und Art der Archaeotrogonidae Mourer-Chauviré 1980 beschrieben (incertae sedis). Die Exemplare aus Messel wären die ersten artikulierten Skelette dieser Familie.Hassiavis laticauda n. gen. n. sp. unterscheidet sich vor allem im Bau des Coracoids von der GattungArchaeotrogon Milne-Edwards 1892. Besonders bemerkenswert ist die ausgezeichnete Erhaltung der Flügel- und Schwanzbefiederung einiger Exemplare. Einige Schwanzfedern des Holotypus zeigen eine Querbänderung, welche möglicherweise auf die ursprüngliche Pigmentierung dieser Federn zurückzuführen ist. Die phylogenetische Stellung der Archaeotrogonidae wird diskutiert. Zur Zeit sind keine Synapomorphien bekannt, welche diese Familie mit einer der bestehenden Ordnungen verbinden.
    Notes: Summary A bird from the Middle Eocene of the Grube Messel (Hessen, Deutschland) is described as a new genus and species of the Archaeotrogonidae Mourer-Chauviré 1980 (incertae sedis). The specimens from Messel would be the first articulated skeletons of this family.Hassiavis laticauda n. gen. n. sp. is distinguished from the genusArchaeotrogon Milne-Edwards 1892 in the morphology of the coracoid. The excellent preservation of the wing feathers and those of the tail in several of the specimens is exceptional. Some tail feathers of the holotype are barred, which might be traced back to the original pigmentation of these feathers. The phylogenetic position of the Archaeotrogonidae is discussed. At present no synapomorphies are known, which could set up a closer relationship between this family and one of the existing orders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-03-25
    Description: Archaeotrogons have long been known from late Eocene and Oligocene localities in France, where limb bones are abundantly represented. The phylogenetic affinities of these birds, however, have remained elusive. Although archaeotrogons are now considered to be representatives of the Strisores, the clade including ‘caprimulgiform’ and apodiform birds, their exact position in this clade is unresolved. Here, a partial skeleton of a new species of the Archaeotrogonidae is described from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton‐on‐the‐Naze (Essex, UK). In addition, a new specimen of the archaeotrogon Hassiavis from the latest early or earliest middle Eocene of the Messel fossil site in Germany is reported, which is the best preserved skeleton of this species. Archaeodromus anglicus gen. et sp. nov. from the London Clay is the earliest archaeotrogon known to date, and the holotype shows previously unknown skeletal characteristics of archaeotrogons that bear on the phylogenetic affinities of these birds. The quadrate in particular exhibits a distinctive morphology and shows derived morphological characteristics of the Strisores. Although the primary analysis did not conclusively resolve the affinities of archaeotrogons, analyses constrained to a molecular scaffold resulted in a sister group relationship to the Caprimulgidae (nightjars). The evolutionary history of this most species‐rich group of nocturnal Strisores is virtually unknown, and recognition of archaeotrogons as archaic stem group representatives of the Caprimulgidae would fill a striking gap in the fossil record.
    Keywords: ddc:568
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-04-24
    Description: This study analyses the response of the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of sedimentary organic matter to rapid human-induced eutrophication and meromixis as well as subsequent restoration efforts [in-lake phosphorus (P)-Precipitation, P-remediation of the well inflow and multiannual destratification] in a 46-yr sediment core sequence (1963-2009) from Fischkaltersee, a small hard-water lake (S-Germany). In addition, the sediment record was compared with detailed data on water column chemistry during almost (1977-2009) the recorded history of eutrophication and trophic recovery of the named lake. While the onset of eutrophication resulted in an abrupt positive excursion (+2.4‰), the overall reaction of δ 13 C SOM to ongoing eutrophication and meromixis as well as to permanent hypolimnion aeration and trophic recovery is a continous negative trend (-3.7‰) with the most depleted signatures (-38.8‰) present in the youngest part of the core. This negative trend was not influenced by multiannual hypolimnion aeration, which although oxygenating bottom waters (〉2 mg O 2 L –1 ), did not reverse the increasing anoxis in the sediment, as is indicated by an declining Mn/Fe ratio. Hence, we conclude that in Fischkaltersee δ 13 C SOM was controlled by photoautotrophic input only during an early phase in the eutrophication process. The signal of intensifying microbially mediated carbon cycling processes in the sediment, i.e. methanogenesis and methanotrophy, was superimposed on the primary productivity signal by crossing a certain TP threshold (approx. TP=0.04 mg L –1 ). Sedimentary δ 15 N values exhibit an overall increase (+3.4‰) in reaction to the eutrophication process, while trophic recovery produces a continous decrease in the signal (-2.7‰). Linear correlation of δ 15 N to nitrate utilisation in the epilimnion, however, is rather weak (R 2 =0.33). Comparison between sediment δ 15 N values and water column data reveals that two negative shifts in the isotopic signal (-1‰/-0.6‰) around 1980 and 1984 respectively, can be attributed to the existence of significant amounts of ammonium (up to 2 mg L –1 ) in the trophogenic zone. Coincident drops in nitrate utilisation (-20%/-53%) indicate phytoplankton assimilation of ammonium. As the artificial aeration did also not affect δ 15 N, we conclude that water column denitrification never contributed significantly to the sedimentary N isotope signal.
    Print ISSN: 1129-5767
    Electronic ISSN: 1723-8633
    Topics: Biology
    Published by PAGEPress
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2018-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-05-06
    Electronic ISSN: 1932-6203
    Topics: Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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