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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human exposure to mercury due to goldmining in the Tapajos River basin, Amazon, Brazil: Speciation of mercury in human hair, blood and urine (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 80 (1995), S. 85-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract To obtain the basic information on human exposure to mercury (Hg) due to gold mining activities in Amazon, total mercury (T-Hg) and methylmercury (MeI Ig) were determined for human hair, blood and/or urine samples collected from populations living in gold mining area and fishing villages upstream of the Tapajos River basin. Abnormally high levels of T-Hg were observed in hair and blood from all fishing villages investigated and more than 90% of T-Hg was in the form of MeHg in both samples, whereas in goldrnining area the value were much lower and the %MeHg values varied widely (20–100%) with individuals even in blood samples. Urine from gold shop workers contained Hg mostly in inorganic form at 165μg/g creatinine on the average, with the range of 20 to 450μg/g creatinine. A good correlation between Hg in hair and blood was found in fishing villages and the ratios of hair Hg to blood Hg were very close to 250, generally established for MeHg. T-Hg and inorganic Hg levels in urine from gold shop workers were also significantly correlated with inorganic Hg in blood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01189656
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylmercury in hair samples from different riverine groups, Amazon, Brazil (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 97 (1997), S. 17-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The present study was aimed to evaluate comparatively the levels of methylmercury (MeHg) in human hair, collected from different groups of Amazonian populations exposed to contamined fish. The study was undertaken in fishing villages and gold mining areas, mainly in the Tapajós and Madeira river basins, two of the main tributaries of Amazon river. The study population included 125 hair samples, chosen from a collection of over one thousand samples collected in different periods. I lair analyses were conducted with a new efficient extraction technique and measured with ECD-gas chromatographer. This analytical method presented good accuracy and precision when compared with standard hair samples from IAEA. A highly significant correlation was found at the interlaboratory exercise between National Institute for Minamata Disease and our laboratory at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The results of the present study showed, through hair analysis, a relationship between environmental contamination by mercury and methylmercury and dietary habits of the Amazon population. The highest levels of MeH g in hair samples were found in riverine population from upper Tapajós river and in riverine population from some tributaries of Madeira river, followed by population of f fishing villages from Madeira river. Majority of the women of child-bearing age presented high Me-Hg concentration in hair samples (10 mg.kg−1). On the other hand, Yanomami Indians presented MeHg concentration below the limit tolerable of 6 mg.kg−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409641
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Follow-up of mercury levels in fish, human hair and urine in the Madeira and Tapajós basins, Amazon, Brazil (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 97 (1997), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Informal economy of gold mining has contaminated some important river basins in Amazon. Follow-up studies on critical compartments showed some areas with high Hg levels in fish as well as in human hair samples. Average Hg in piscivorous fish in the Madeira river itself was 846 ppb (N=284) with a maximum of 3921 ppb. Mercury in fish from non polluted areas in this basin shows high variability, even for single species. A seasonal variation in Hg content was observed, with higher values at the end of the dry season. In the upper Tapajós basin comparable values were found for fish but with a definite decreasing trend downstream. Average value for piscivorous fish in the whole Tapajós basin is 482 ppb (N=122) with a maximum value of 3770 ppb. Hair Hg was higher in fishing villages in the Tapajós (average: 17 ppm; with N=432 and maximum value of 176 ppm) than in the Madeira (average: 9 ppm; N=169; maximum 71 ppm), and data from some areas of the Tapajós suggest a decrease with time. Mercury was much higher in urine of goldshop workers in Santarém (low Tapajós) than in Alta Floresta (high Tapajbs) and show a decreasing trend in both cases, probably related to the significant decline in gold mining activities during the study period (1986–1994).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409643
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylmercury in hair samples from different riverine groups, Amazon, Brazil (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 97 (1997), S. 17-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The present study was aimed to evaluate comparatively the levels of methylmercury (MeHg) in human hair, collected from different groups of Amazonian populations exposed to contamined fish. The study was undertaken in fishing villages and gold mining areas, mainly in the Tapajós and Madeira river basins, two of the main tributaries of Amazon river. The study population included 125 hair samples, chosen from a collection of over one thousand samples collected in different periods. Hair analyses were conducted with a new efficient extraction technique and measured with ECD-gas chromatographer. This analytical method presented good accuracy and precision when compared with standard hair samples from IAEA. A highly significant correlation was found at the interlaboratory exercise between National Institute for Minamata Disease and our laboratory at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The results of the present study showed, through hair analysis, a relationship between environmental contamination by mercury and methylmercury and dietary habits of the Amazon population. The highest levels of MeHg in hair samples were found in riverine population from upper Tapajós river and in riverine population from some tributaries of Madeira river, followed by population of fishing villages from Madeira river. Majority of the women of child-bearing age presented high MeHg concentration in hair samples (10 mg.kg-1). On the other hand, Yanomami Indians presented MeHg concentration below the limit tolerable of 6 mg.kg-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018326204298
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Follow-up of mercury levels in fish, human hair and urine in the Madeira and Tapajós basins, Amazon, Brazil (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 97 (1997), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Informal economy of gold mining has contaminated some important river basins in Amazon. Follow-up studies on critical compartments showed some areas with high Hg levels in fish as well as in human hair samples. Average Hg in piscivorous fish in the Madeira river itself was 846 ppb (N=284) with a maximum of 3921 ppb. Mercury in fish from non polluted areas in this basin shows high variability, even for single species. A seasonal variation in Hg content was observed, with higher values at the end of the dry season. In the upper Tapajós basin comparable values were found for fish but with a definite decreasing trend downstream. Average value for piscivorous fish in the whole Tapajós basin is 482 ppb (N=122) with a maximum value of 3770 ppb. Hair Hg was higher in fishing villages in the Tapajós (average: 17 ppm; with N=432 and maximum value of 176 ppm) than in the Madeira (average: 9 ppm; N=169; maximum 71 ppm), and data from some areas of the Tapajós suggest a decrease with time. Mercury was much higher in urine of goldshop workers in Santarém (low Tapajós) than in Alta Floresta (high Tapajós) and show a decreasing trend in both cases, probably related to the significant decline in gold mining activities during the study period (1986-1994).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018340619475
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exposure to metallic mercury in workers in a tropical chloralkali plant evaluated through urine analysis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 97 (1997), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Occupational exposure to Hg vapour was investigated in 78 workers during three periods with different temperatures: August 1991, December 1991, and February 1992. Each individual was sampled twice in each period; before and after a six working days period (with a two free days interval). As an attempt to normalise Hg excretion urine was sampled always after a normal 8 hours night sleeping and immediately frozen. Mineralisation was done with acid and oxidant mixture and determination by cold vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (Varian VGA-76 and AA-1475). Analytical accuracy was controlled by routine analysis of certified reference material (Seronorm TM trace elements, Nycome As diagnostics Olso — Norway) and all samples were analysed in triplicates. Of a total of 355 samples analysed 13% were over the maximum limit for occupational exposure (50 μg.l−1 or ppb). From the 78 individuals investigated 13% presented average value smaller than 10 ppb; just 8% had the average over 50 ppb; 64% showed averages smaller than 30 ppb; and 28% were between 30 and 50 ppb. Seasonal variation was observed with the highest values in the hottest periods. High variability was observed in the same individual even within an interval of just few days (seven days). No increase of Hg in urine after the six days of exposure was observed when compared with the values after the two free days interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409654
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exposure to metallic mercury in workers in a tropical chloralkali plant evaluated through urine analysis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 97 (1997), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Occupational exposure to Hg vapour was investigated in 78 workers during three periods with different temperatures: August 1991, December 1991, and February 1992. Each individual was sampled twice in each period; before and after a six working days period (with a two free days interval). As an attempt to normalise Hg excretion urine was sampled always after a normal 8 hours night sleeping and immediately frozen. Mineralisation was done with acid and oxidant mixture and determination by cold vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (Varian VGA-76 and AA-1475). Analytical accuracy was controlled by routine analysis of certified reference material (Seronorm TM trace elements, Nycome As diagnostics Olso - Norway) and all samples were analysed in triplicates. Of a total of 355 samples analysed 13% were over the maximum limit for occupational exposure (50 µg.l-1 or ppb). From the 78 individuals investigated 13% presented average value smaller than 10 ppb; just 8% had the average over 50 ppb; 64% showed averages smaller than 30 ppb; and 28% were between 30 and 50 ppb. Seasonal variation was observed with the highest values in the hottest periods. High variability was observed in the same individual even within an interval of just few days (seven days). No increase of Hg in urine after the six days of exposure was observed when compared with the values after the two free days interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018379616109
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  • 8
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    Prospecting bacterial consortia from a geothermal site for metals biotransformation (2020)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Print ISSN: 0923-9820
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9729
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Sudden Cadmium Increases in the Digestive Gland of Scallop, Nodipecten nodosus L., Farmed in the Tropics (2010)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-08
    Print ISSN: 0007-4861
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0800
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Methylmercury in hair samples from different riverine groups, Amazon, Brazil (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0049-6979
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2932
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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