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  • 1
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    Hydrological (in)stability in Southern Siberia during the Younger Dryas and early Holocene (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Global and Planetary Change, 195(103333)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-15
    Description: Southern Siberia is currently undergoing rapid warming, inducing changes in vegetation, loss of permafrost, and impacts on the hydrodynamics of lakes and rivers. Lake sediments are key archives of environmental change and contain a record of ecosystem variability, as well as providing proxy indicators of wider environmental and climatic change. Investigating how hydrological systems have responded to past shifts in climate can provide essential context for better understanding future ecosystem changes in Siberia. Oxygen isotope ratios within lacustrine records provide fundamental information on past variability in hydrological systems. Here we present a new oxygen isotope record from diatom silica (ẟ18Odiatom) at Lake Baunt (55◦11′ 15′′ N, 113◦01,45′′ E), in the southern part of eastern Siberia, and consider how the site has responded to climate changes between the Younger Dryas and Early to Mid Holocene (ca. 12.4 to 6.2 ka cal BP). Excursions in ẟ18Odiatom are influenced by air temperature and the seasonality, quantity, and source of atmospheric precipitation. These variables are a function of the strength of the Siberian High, which controls temperature, the proportion and quantity of winter versus summer precipitation, and the relative dominance of Atlantic versus Pacific air masses. A regional comparison with other Siberian ẟ18Odiatom records, from lakes Baikal and Kotokel, suggests that ẟ18Odiatom variations in southern Siberia reflect increased continentality during the Younger Dryas, delayed Early Holocene warming in the region, and substantial climate instability between ~10.5 to ~8.2 ka cal BP. Unstable conditions during the Early Holocene thermal optimum most likely reflect localised changes from glacial melting. Taking the profiles from three very different lakes together, highlight the influence of site specific factors on the individual records, and how one site is not indicative of the region as a whole. Overall, the study documents how sensitive this important region is to both internal and external forcing.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Muted diatom responses to recent environmental change on the southeast Tibetan Plateau during the last two centuries. (2011)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Paleolimnology., 46, pp. 215-227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Terrestrial and aquatic responses to climate change and human impact on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau during the past two centuries. (2011)
    In:  EPIC3Global Change Biology., 17, pp. 3376-3391
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Rapid population growth and economic development have led to increased anthropogenic pressures on the Tibetan Plateau, causing significant land cover changes with potentially severe ecological consequences. To assess whether or not these pressures are also affecting the remote montane-boreal lakes on the SETibetan Plateau, fossil pollen and diatom data from two lakes were synthesized. The interplay of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem response was explored in respect to climate variability and human activity over the past 200 years. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and Procrustes rotation analysis were undertaken to determine whether pollen and diatom responses in each lake were similar and synchronous. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis was used to develop quantitative estimates of compositional species turnover. Despite instrumental evidence of significant climatic warming on the southeastern Plateau, the pollen and diatom records indicate very stable species composition throughout their profiles and show only very subtle responses to environmental changes over the past 200 years. The compositional species turnover (0.36–0.94 SD) is relatively low in comparison to the species reorganizations known from the periods during the mid- and early-Holocene (0.64–1.61 SD) on the SEPlateau, and also in comparison to turnover rates of sediment records from climate-sensitive regions in the circum arctic. Our results indicate that climatically induced ecological thresholds are not yet crossed, but that human activity has an increasing influence, particularly on the terrestrial ecosystem in our study area. Synergistic processes of post-Little Ice Age warming, 20th century climate warming and extensive reforestations since the 19th century have initiated a change from natural oak-pine forests to seminatural, likely less resilient pine-oak forests. Further warming and anthropogenic disturbances would possibly exceed the ecological threshold of these ecosystems and lead to severe ecological consequences.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in plant population density, composition and sward structure of a hill pasture during a pastoral fallow (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Appropriate pre-sowing methods for the introduction of improved forage legume and grass germplasm are an important issue for hill pasture improvement in New Zealand. A pastoral fallow, which involves not defoliating pasture for a period generally from late spring/early summer to autumn, could create a potentially favourable environment for introducing improved germplasm. A field study was conducted on two aspects (shady and sunny) of moist, low-fertility hill country with or without added fertilizer (phosphorus and sulphur) in the southern North Island of New Zealand, to investigate the changes in plant population density and sward structure during a full or partial pastoral fallow, compared with a rotationally grazed pasture. A 7-month (October to May) pastoral fallow dramatically decreased the densities of grass tillers by 72% (P 〈 0·01), white clover (Trifolium repens L.) growing points by 87% (P 〈 0·01) and other species by 87% (P 〈 0·05). The decline in tiller density by pastoral fallow was enhanced on the shady aspect. Fertilizer application increased white clover growing-point density on the shady aspect (P 〈 0·05) and grass tiller density on the sunny aspect (P 〈 0·05). Decreased plant density during pastoral fallowing was attributed to aboveground biomass accumulation, which altered sward structure, leading to interplant competition and mortality by self-thinning and completion of the life cycle of some matured plants. The plant size-density relationship during pastoral fallowing in this mixed-species sward followed the serf-thinning rule, particularly when the calculation was based on all plant species rather than grass alone. There was no significant (P 〉 0·05) difference in final plant population density between the 7-month pastoral fallow and a shorter term (October to December) pastoral fallow. It is concluded that pastoral fallowing effectively reduced the plant population density and altered sward structure of a hill pasture. Such changes create a more favourable environment for the introduction of improved forage species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1997.tb02349.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of stable silica standard solutions in rock analyses using lithium tetraborate (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 41 (1969), S. 2091-2091 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50159a060
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mais plus ça change... (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 325 (1987), S. 10-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-In his astonishingly accurate book Anticipations (of the reaction of mechanical and scientific progress upon human life and thought) (1904), H.G. Wells predicted many of the major technical discoveries with which we are now familiar.However, he also anticipated then what would later become ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/325010e0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structuration (1973)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 6 (1973), S. 284-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An outline is given of the Birkbeck programme of work describing the statistics of regular (crystal) structures and the regularities of statistical (liquid and glass) structures in reaction to the tendency to regard all structures as crystalline but with imperfections. Central to this is the development of the description of arrangements of atoms in terms which do not depend on arbitrary axes. Attempts are made to show crystal structure in the wider context of large-scale biological and other structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889873008691
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comment on the close-packing of hyperspheres (1976)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 32 (1976), S. 923-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The packing of hyperspheres in more than three dimensions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567739476001885
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The closest packing of equal spheres on a spherical surface (1977)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 33 (1977), S. 98-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A table is given of putative solutions to the Fejes problem: to find the maximum value of the smallest angular distance between any two of N points movable on the surface of a sphere. Values of N run without omission up to 27 with six sporadic cases thereafter. Some applications of this system as a model are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567739477000205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The generalized inverse and inverse structure (1977)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 33 (1977), S. 212-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: When a structure in one space is projected or mapped or otherwise described in another space or 'language', then the transformation is usually irreversible. In the case of linear transformations a generalized inverse matrix exists even if the transformation matrix is rectangular or singular. This inverse represents the best that can be done by way of reverse transformation. Typical crystallographic applications of this inverse are developed. Some are in practical computing, where failures due to singularity of a matrix can be avoided. Others are in the theoretical treatment of redundant axes, such as are usual in the description of hexagonal crystals using four indices and four axes. The idea of the inverse of a set of crystallographic axes, normally the reciprocal axes, can be extended to the concept of the inverse of any set of coordinates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567739477000436
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