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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 220 (1968), S. 1112-1113 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We present here some preliminary results of the identification of various molecular lines from far infrared spectra obtained during a series of flights of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Oonvair 990 jet aircraft during August 1968, from Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Coronal mass ejection transients observed with the white light coronagraph on Skylab are found to be associated with several other forms of solar activity. There is a strong correlation between such mass ejection transients and chromospheric Hα activity, with three-quarters of the transients apparently originating in or near active regions. We infer that 40% of transients are associated with flares, 50% are associated with eruptive prominences solely (without flares), and more than 70% are associated with eruptive prominences or filament disappearances (with or without flares). Nine of ten flares which displayed apparent mass ejections of Hα-emitting material from the flare site could be associated with coronal transients. Within each class of activity, the more energetic events are more likely to be associated with an observable mass ejection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 63 (1979), S. 369-377 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The coronal structure overlying, and presumably associated with, an isolated active region, McMath 12686, is identified during its west limb passage 15–17 January 1974. The region had a ‘flaring site’ on its border close to a plage filament and exhibited various forms of activity, including type III burst production, during the three days of study. Although the coronal structure overlying the region was of small scale, its estimated electron density was ∼10 × that of the background corona, and it varied in density by a factor of two over a time scale of hours. Some implications of such a structure on the interpretation of type III emission are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The High Altitude Observatory Coronagraph/Polarimeter, to be flown on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Solar Maximum Mission satellite, is designed to produce images of the solar corona in seven wavelength bands in the visible spectral range. The spectral bands have been chosen to specifically exclude or include ‘chromospheric’ spectral lines, so as to allow discrimination between ejecta at high (coronal) and low (chromospheric) temperatures, respectively. In addition, the instrument features spectral filters designed to permit an accurate color separation of the F and K coronal components, and a narrow band (5.5 Å) filter to observe the radiance and polarization of the Fe xiv 5303 Å line. The effective system resolution is better than 10 arc sec and the instrument images a selected quadrant (or smaller field) on an SEC vidicon detector. The total height range that may be recorded encompasses 1.6 to more than 6.0R ⊙ (from Sun center). The instrument is pointed independently of the SMM spacecraft, and its functions are controlled through the use of a program resident within the onboard spacecraft computer. Major experimental goals include: (a) Observation of the role of the corona in the flare process and of the ejecta from the flare site and the overlying corona; (b) the study of the direction of magnetic fields in stable coronal forms, and, perhaps, ejecta; and (c) examination of the evolution of the solar corona near the period of solar maximum activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 71 (1981), S. 361-379 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A large equatorial coronal streamer observed in the outer corona (3R ⊙) grew in brightness and size during successive limb passages between October 6, 1973 and January 10, 1974 (solar rotations 1606–1611). Unlike previous studies of streamers and their photospheric associations, no definite surface feature could be identified in the present case. This suggests that the streamer is associated with the large scale photospheric magnetic field. Comparison of the streamer growth with observed underlying photospheric magnetic flux changes indicated that as the streamer increased in brightness, areal extent, and density, the photospheric magnetic flux decreased. Three possible explanations for the streamer's growth are presented; the conceptually simplest being that the decrease in photospheric field results in an opening of the flux tubes under the streamer which permits an increased mass flux through the streamer.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 48 (1976), S. 127-135 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The High Altitude Observatory's white light coronagraph aboard Skylab observed some 110 coronal transients - rapid changes in appearance of the corona - during its 227 days of operation. The longitudes of the origins of these transients were not distributed uniformly around the solar surface (51 of the 100 events observed in seven solar rotations arose from a single quadrant of longitude). Further, the frequency of transient production from each segment of the solar surface was well correlated with the sunspot number and Ca ii plage (area × brightness) index in the segment, rotation by rotation. This correlation implies that transients occur more often above strong photospheric and chromospheric magnetic fields, that is, in regions where the coronal magnetic field is stronger and, perhaps, more variable. This pattern of occurrence is consistent with our belief that the forces propelling transient material outward are, primarily, magnetic. A quantitative relation between transient production from an area and the Zürich sunspot number appropriate to that area is derived, and we speculate that the relation is independent of phase in the solar activity cycle. If true, the Sun may give rise to as many as 100 white light coronal transients per month at solar cycle maximum.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Observations of a coronal transient event were obtained in white light by the Skylab coronagraph and at metric wavelengths by the radioheliograph and spectrograph at Culgoora and the spectrograph-interferometer at Boulder. The continuum radio burst was found to originate above the outward-moving white light loop - a region of compressed material headed by a bow wave. The computed density in the region of radio emission, based on either gyro-synchrotron or harmonic plasma radiation mechanisms, was approximately 10 times the ambient coronal density; this is compatible with the density deduced from the white light observations. The magnetic energy density derived from the radio observations was greater than 10 times the thermal energy density, marginally larger than the kinetic energy density in the fastest moving portion of the transient, and considerably larger in most other regions. The ambient medium, the white light front, the compression region, the loop, and the slower, massive flow of material behind are each examined. It is found that the plasma was magnetically controlled throughout, and that magnetic forces provided the principal mechanism for acceleration of the transient material from the Sun.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 89 (1983), S. 89-102 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The kinematic properties of a dozen ‘loop-like’ coronal transients have been examined over the range 1.2–2.4 R⊙ from Sun center. Values and trends of transient geometry, including radial height, lateral width at maximum extent, distance from loop top to height of maximum width, and lateral width at a fixed height above the instrument occulting disk at 1.2 R⊙, are given. Radial and lateral speeds of expansion are tabulated, and range from 60–900 km s-1, and 10–500 km s-1, respectively. Flare-associated events are found to exhibit the highest speeds, and show little acceleration with height; on the other hand, eruptiveassociated events exhibit large accelerations (some in excess of 50 m s-2). This clear discrimination between flare and eruptive-associated events suggests that two different physical processes are present; it is suggested that flare-associated events result from an impulsive, localized input to the corona. On the other hand, accelerated, eruptive-associated events are subjected to appreciable net forces over radial heights of one solar radius (or more) above the solar limb. It is conjectured that the pressure gradient forces responsible for the generation of the solar wind may play an important role in accelerating these latter events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 42 (1975), S. 163-177 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract During the 8.5 month flight of the High Altitude Observatory's white light coronagraph on board Skylab, over 100 coronal transients were observed. In this paper we present a description of one well observed loop transient, that of 10 June 1973. The transient apparently resulted from the eruption of a quiescent prominence on the limb; the emergence of a new, bipolar active region near the prominence may have caused the eruptior. The transient's leading edge rose from 3.6 to 5.0 solar radii (R ⊙) from Sun center at approximately 500 km s−1 during the 32 min of coronagraph observations. Material in a pre-existing streamer was swept away by the transient, causing the streamer to disappear. The mass ejected into the corona above a projected height of 2 R ⊙ was ≈ 5.4 × 1015 g, the potential energy associated with the ejected transient material was ⩾7.0 × 1030 erg, and the kinetic energy of the ejected material is estimated as 1.7 × 1030 erg. The 10 June 1973 transient was, in most respects, typical of other loop transients observed by Skylab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Solar physics 104 (1986), S. 257-258 
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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