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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-03-19
    Description: Elevations in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) constitute a fundamental signal transduction mechanism in eukaryotic cells, but the molecular identity of Ca(2+) channels initiating this signal in plants is still under debate. Here, we show by pharmacology and loss-of-function mutants that in tobacco and Arabidopsis, glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs) facilitate Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane, modulate apical [Ca(2+)](cyt) gradient, and consequently affect pollen tube growth and morphogenesis. Additionally, wild-type pollen tubes grown in pistils of knock-out mutants for serine-racemase (SR1) displayed growth defects consistent with a decrease in GLR activity. Our findings reveal a novel plant signaling mechanism between male gametophyte and pistil tissue similar to amino acid-mediated communication commonly observed in animal nervous systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michard, Erwan -- Lima, Pedro T -- Borges, Filipe -- Silva, Ana Catarina -- Portes, Maria Teresa -- Carvalho, Joao E -- Gilliham, Matthew -- Liu, Lai-Hua -- Obermeyer, Gerhard -- Feijo, Jose A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 22;332(6028):434-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1201101. Epub 2011 Mar 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, P-2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21415319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione/pharmacology ; Arabidopsis/genetics/metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/genetics/*metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists/pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology ; Flowers/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant/*genetics ; Glycine/pharmacology ; Morphogenesis/drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Pollen Tube/drug effects/growth & development/*metabolism ; Racemases and Epimerases/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Glutamate/*genetics/metabolism ; Serine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Tobacco/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-05-04
    Description: Compared to animals, evolution of plant calcium (Ca 2+ ) physiology has led to a loss of proteins for influx and small ligand–operated control of cytosolic Ca 2+ , leaving many Ca 2+ mechanisms unaccounted for. Here, we show a mechanism for sorting and activation of glutamate receptor–like channels (GLRs) by CORNICHON HOMOLOG (CNIH) proteins. Single mutants of pollen-expressed Arabidopsis thaliana GLRs ( At GLRs) showed growth and Ca 2+ flux phenotypes expected for plasma membrane Ca 2+ channels. However, higher-order mutants of At GLR3.3 revealed phenotypes contradicting this assumption. These discrepancies could be explained by subcellular At GLR localization, and we explored the implication of At CNIHs in this sorting. We found that At GLRs interact with At CNIH pairs, yielding specific intracellular localizations. At CNIHs further trigger At GLR activity in mammalian cells without any ligand. These results reveal a regulatory mechanism underlying Ca 2+ homeostasis by sorting and activation of At GLRs by At CNIHs.
    Keywords: Botany
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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