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  • 1
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    Mapping Rainfall-Triggered Slidequakes and Seismic Landslide-Volume Estimation at Heumoes Slope (2011)
    Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Description: Applying the method of nanoseismic monitoring in field campaigns between 2005 and 2008 at the Heumoes landslide in the Austrian Alps, we discovered and located fracture processes with seismic local magnitudes (ML) between -2.2 and -0.7. The creeping Heumoes slope consists of weak sediments (loamy scree and glacial till) and moves an average of a few centimeters per year at the surface. The seismic detection of single fracture processes or initial stress relief resolves the creeping movement of the slope into discrete rupture episodes. The spatial distribution of fractures is concentrated in parts of the slope with higher deformation rates at the surface. The temporal occurrence correlates with rainfall events and reinforces the assumption of a rainfall-triggered slope movement. In addition, we observed weak local earthquakes (ML [~] 2) with a distance of [~]10 km to have an influence on fracture generation at the slope. Furthermore, an average thickness of [~]20 m (and a maximum of 〉30 m) for the unstable sediment cover of Heumoes slope was determined by refraction seismic techniques along several seismic profiles. The slope's total volume is estimated to be 107 m3; its mass is approximately 1.6 x 107 Mg. The determination of the landslide volume is essential for further hazard assessment of the unstable Heumoes slope.
    Electronic ISSN: 1539-1663
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Soil Science Society of America (SSSA)
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  • 2
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    Chances and limits of single-station seismic event clustering by unsupervised pattern recognition (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-17
    Description: Automatic classification of local seismic events which are only recorded at single stations poses great challenges because of weak hypocentre constraints. This study investigates how single-station event clusters relate to geographic hypocentre regions and common source processes. Typical applications arise in local seismic networks where reliable ground truth by a dense temporal network precedes or follows a sparse (permanent) installation. The seismic signals for this study comprise a 3-month subset from a field campaign to map subduction below northern Chile (PISCO ’94). Due to favourable ground noise conditions in the Atacama desert, the data set contains an abundance of shallow and deeper earthquakes, and many quarry explosions. Often event signatures overlap, posing a challenge to any signal processing scheme. Pattern recognition must work on reduced seismograms to restrict parameter dimensionality. Continuous parameter extraction based on noise-adapted spectrograms was chosen instead of discrete representation by, for example, amplitudes, onset times or spectral ratios to ensure consideration of potentially hidden features. Visualization of the derived feature vectors for human inspection and template matching algorithms was hereby possible. Because event classes shall comprise earthquake regions regardless of magnitude, clustering based on amplitudes is prevented by proper normalization of feature vectors. Principal component analysis is applied to further reduce the number of features used to train a self-organizing map (SOM). The SOM will topologically arrange prototypes of each event class in a 2-D map. Overcoming the restrictions of this black-box approach, the arranged prototypes could be transformed back to spectrograms to allow for visualization and interpretation of event classes. The final step relates prototypes to ground-truth information, confirming the potential of automated, coarse-grain hypocentre clustering based on single-station seismograms. The approach was tested by a twofold cross-validation whereby multiple sets of feature vectors from half the events are compared by a one-nearest neighbour classifier in combination with an Euclidean distance measure resulting in an overall correct geographic separation rate of 80.5 per cent.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 3
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    Determination of the eardrum impedance of human ears with respect to the individual shape of the ear canals (1981)
    In:  J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Reykjavík, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 69, no. 1-3, pp. 14, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: AKU ; physics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Pattern Recognition for earthquake detection (1990)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., San Francisco, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 80, no. 44, pp. 170-186, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Seismology ; Pattern recognition ; Detectors ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
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    Master-event correlations of weak local earthquakes by dynamic waveform matching (1993)
    In:  Geophys. J. Int., (submitted), Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 113, no. 44, pp. 562-574, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993
    Keywords: Seismology ; Location ; Induced seismicity ; Local earthquakes ; Master event technique ; GJI
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    Seismic source classification in Israel by signal imaging and rule-based coincidence evaluation (1999)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 89, no. 4, pp. 960-969, pp. B02405, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source parameters ; Seismic networks ; Modelling ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    Pattern recognition for earthquake detection (1987)
    In:  Eos, Trans., Am. Geophys. Un., San Francisco, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 68, no. 44, pp. 1359, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987
    Keywords: Detectors ; ARC ; arc ; BUG ; Seismology ; Pattern recognition
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 8
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    Automated seismogram analysis for the tripartite BUG array: an introduction (1993)
    In:  Computers & Geosciences, (submitted), Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 203-206, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993
    Keywords: Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Detectors ; Discrimination ; Seismology ; Pattern recognition ; Review article ; Project report/description
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 9
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    Pattern recognition detector and remote station dialog in a local seismic network (1985)
    In:  Eos, Trans., Am. Geophys. Un., San Francisco, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 66, no. 46, pp. 962, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985
    Keywords: Detectors ; Seismic networks ; arc ; BUG ; Pattern recognition ; Seismology ; Nearfield
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 10
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    Earthquake recognition by Sonogram-detectors with master event adaptation (1990)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., (submitted), Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 80, no. 44, pp. 170-186, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Detectors ; AUD ; Master event technique ; Seismology ; Pattern recognition ; Seismic networks ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
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