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  • 1
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    Linkages between mineralogy, fluid chemistry, and microbial communities within hydrothermal chimneys from the Endeavor Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-12
    Description: Rock and fluid samples were collected from three hydrothermal chimneys at the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge to evaluate linkages among mineralogy, fluid chemistry, and microbial community composition within the chimneys. Mössbauer, mid-infrared thermal emission, and visible-near infrared spectroscopies were utilized for the first time to characterize vent mineralogy, in addition to thin-section petrography, x-ray diffraction, and elemental analyses. A 282°C venting chimney from the Bastille edifice was composed primarily of sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite, marcasite, and sphalerite. In contrast, samples from a 300°C venting chimney from the Dante edifice and a 321°C venting chimney from the Hot Harold edifice contained a high abundance of the sulfate mineral anhydrite. Geochemical modeling of mixed vent fluids suggested the oxic-anoxic transition zone was above 100°C at all three vents, and that the thermodynamic energy available for autotrophic microbial redox reactions favored aerobic sulfide and methane oxidation. As predicted, microbes within the Dante and Hot Harold chimneys were most closely related to mesophilic and thermophilic aerobes of the Beta - and Gammaproteobacteria and sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic Epsilonproteobacteria . However, most of the microbes within the Bastille chimney were most closely related to mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobes of the Deltaproteobacteria , especially sulfate reducers, and anaerobic hyperthermophilic archaea. The predominance of anaerobes in the Bastille chimney indicated that other environmental factors promote anoxic conditions. Possibilities include the maturity or fluid flow characteristics of the chimney, abiotic Fe 2+ and S 2- oxidation in the vent fluids, or O 2 depletion by aerobic respiration on the chimney outer wall. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Biogeography and ecological setting of Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-09-15
    Description: Within the endemic invertebrate faunas of hydrothermal vents, five biogeographic provinces are recognized. Invertebrates at two Indian Ocean vent fields (Kairei and Edmond) belong to a sixth province, despite ecological settings and invertebrate-bacterial symbioses similar to those of both western Pacific and Atlantic vents. Most organisms found at these Indian Ocean vent fields have evolutionary affinities with western Pacific vent faunas, but a shrimp that ecologically dominates Indian Ocean vents closely resembles its Mid-Atlantic counterpart. These findings contribute to a global assessment of the biogeography of chemosynthetic faunas and indicate that the Indian Ocean vent community follows asymmetric assembly rules biased toward Pacific evolutionary alliances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dover, C L -- Humphris, S E -- Fornari, D -- Cavanaugh, C M -- Collier, R -- Goffredi, S K -- Hashimoto, J -- Lilley, M D -- Reysenbach, A L -- Shank, T M -- Von Damm, K L -- Banta, A -- Gallant, R M -- Gotz, D -- Green, D -- Hall, J -- Harmer, T L -- Hurtado, L A -- Johnson, P -- McKiness, Z P -- Meredith, C -- Olson, E -- Pan, I L -- Turnipseed, M -- Won, Y -- Young, C R 3rd -- Vrijenhoek, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Oct 26;294(5543):818-23. Epub 2001 Sep 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA. cindy_vandover@wm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11557843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/classification/isolation & purification ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biological Evolution ; Biomass ; Decapoda (Crustacea)/classification/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Euryarchaeota/classification/isolation & purification/physiology ; Geography ; *Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Hot Temperature ; Invertebrates/classification/microbiology/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mollusca/classification/physiology ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater ; Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Abiogenic hydrocarbon production at lost city hydrothermal field (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-02
    Description: Low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons in natural hydrothermal fluids have been attributed to abiogenic production by Fischer-Tropsch type (FTT) reactions, although clear evidence for such a process has been elusive. Here, we present concentration, and stable and radiocarbon isotope, data from hydrocarbons dissolved in hydrogen-rich fluids venting at the ultramafic-hosted Lost City Hydrothermal Field. A distinct "inverse" trend in the stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of C1 to C4 hydrocarbons is compatible with FTT genesis. Radiocarbon evidence rules out seawater bicarbonate as the carbon source for FTT reactions, suggesting that a mantle-derived inorganic carbon source is leached from the host rocks. Our findings illustrate that the abiotic synthesis of hydrocarbons in nature may occur in the presence of ultramafic rocks, water, and moderate amounts of heat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Proskurowski, Giora -- Lilley, Marvin D -- Seewald, Jeffery S -- Fruh-Green, Gretchen L -- Olson, Eric J -- Lupton, John E -- Sylva, Sean P -- Kelley, Deborah S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Feb 1;319(5863):604-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1151194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. giora@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18239121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A serpentinite-hosted ecosystem: the Lost City hydrothermal field (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: The serpentinite-hosted Lost City hydrothermal field is a remarkable submarine ecosystem in which geological, chemical, and biological processes are intimately interlinked. Reactions between seawater and upper mantle peridotite produce methane- and hydrogen-rich fluids, with temperatures ranging from 〈40 degrees to 90 degrees C at pH 9 to 11, and carbonate chimneys 30 to 60 meters tall. A low diversity of microorganisms related to methane-cycling Archaea thrive in the warm porous interiors of the edifices. Macrofaunal communities show a degree of species diversity at least as high as that of black smoker vent sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, but they lack the high biomasses of chemosynthetic organisms that are typical of volcanically driven systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelley, Deborah S -- Karson, Jeffrey A -- Fruh-Green, Gretchen L -- Yoerger, Dana R -- Shank, Timothy M -- Butterfield, David A -- Hayes, John M -- Schrenk, Matthew O -- Olson, Eric J -- Proskurowski, Giora -- Jakuba, Mike -- Bradley, Al -- Larson, Ben -- Ludwig, Kristin -- Glickson, Deborah -- Buckman, Kate -- Bradley, Alexander S -- Brazelton, William J -- Roe, Kevin -- Elend, Mitch J -- Delacour, Adelie -- Bernasconi, Stefano M -- Lilley, Marvin D -- Baross, John A -- Summons, Roger E -- Sylva, Sean P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1428-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kelley@ocean.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746419" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaea/classification/*growth & development/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Bacteria/classification/*growth & development/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Carbonates ; Colony Count, Microbial ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fishes ; *Geologic Sediments/chemistry/microbiology ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen/analysis/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Invertebrates ; Lipids/analysis ; Methane/analysis/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; *Seawater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The Quantum Event of Oceanic Crustal Accretion: Impacts of Diking at Mid-Ocean Ridges (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-07-11
    Description: Seafloor diking-eruptive events represent the irreducible, quantum events of upper oceanic crustal accretion. They record events by which a large portion of the oceanic crust has formed through geological history. Since 1993, the U.S. Navy's real-time Sound Surveillance System has allowed location of ongoing acoustic signatures of dike emplacement and basalt eruptions at ridge crests in the northeast Pacific. These diking-eruptive events trigger a sequence of related, rapidly evolving physical, chemical, and biological processes. Magmatic volatiles released during these events may provide nutrients for communities of subseafloor microorganisms, some of which thrive in high-temperature anaerobic environments. Many of the organisms identified from these systems are Archaea. If microorganisms can thrive in the water-saturated pores and cracks within deep, volcanically active portions of our planet, other hydrothermally active planets may harbor similar life forms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delaney -- Kelley -- Lilley -- Butterfield -- Baross -- Wilcock -- Embley -- Summit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jul 10;281(5374):222-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉J. R. Delaney, D. S. Kelley, M. D. Lilley, J. A. Baross, W. S. D. Wilcock, and M. Summit are at the School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. D. A. Butterfield is at the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98115, USA. R. W. Embley is at the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Newport, OR 97365, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9660745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    The quantum event of oceanic crustal accretion: impacts of diking at mid-ocean ridges (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-09-07
    Description: Seafloor diking-eruptive events represent the irreducible, quantum events of upper oceanic crustal accretion. They record events by which a large portion of the oceanic crust has formed through geological history. Since 1993, the U.S. Navy's real-time Sound Surveillance System has allowed location of ongoing acoustic signatures of dike emplacement and basalt eruptions at ridge crests in the northeast Pacific. These diking-eruptive events trigger a sequence of related, rapidly evolving physical, chemical, and biological processes. Magmatic volatiles released during these events may provide nutrients for communities of subsea-floor microorganisms, some of which thrive in high-temperature anaerobic environments. Many of the organisms identified from these systems are Archaea. If microorganisms can thrive in the water-saturated pores and cracks within deep, volcanically active portions of our planet, other hydrothermally active planets may harbor similar life forms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delaney, J R -- Kelley, D S -- Lilley, M D -- Butterfield, D A -- Baross, J A -- Wilcock, W S -- Embley, R W -- Summit, M -- OCE-9406965/CE/NCIPC CDC HHS/ -- OCE-9633572/CE/NCIPC CDC HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jul 10;281:222-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11541731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Archaea ; Earth (Planet) ; *Evolution, Planetary ; Geologic Sediments/analysis/chemistry/*microbiology ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; Helium ; *Hot Temperature ; Isotopes ; Marine Biology ; Pacific Ocean ; Seawater/analysis/*chemistry/microbiology ; *Volcanic Eruptions ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of heat and chemical fluxes from a seafloor hydrothermal vent field using radon measurements (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 334 (1988), S. 604-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Endeavour segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge has been studied intensively in recent years and is the focus of much ongoing and proposed research activity. In 1984, an active vent field at -2,200 m depth within the axial valley (47°57'N, 129°06' W) was discovered and mapped with the Alvin ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/334604a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous CH 4 and NH 4 + concentrations at an unsedimented mid-ocean-ridge hydrothermal system (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 364 (1993), S. 45-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Located at a depth of 2,200 m on the Endeavour segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, the main Endeavour hydrothermal field (47° 57' N, 129° 06' W) is characterized by steep-sided sulphide structures up to 30 m across at their base and up to 20 m high9. Most of these structures ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/364045a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Submarine venting of phase-separated hydrothermal fluids at Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 702-705 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The ASHES (Axial Seamount Hydrothermal Emissions Study) vent field lies at a depth of 1,542m within the caldera of Axial Volcano on the Juan de Fuca Ridge (Fig. 1) and is the surface expression of the shallowest active high-temperature sea-floor venting system known12. Within a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/340702a0
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  • 10
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    H2/CH4 ratios cannot reliably distinguish abiotic vs. biotic methane in natural hydrothermal systems (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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