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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 6934-6936 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Strong gettering of Cu atoms beyond the projected ion range RP has been found in single-crystal Si implanted with P+ and As+ ions at MeV energies. We call this phenomenon the "trans-RP effect." The formation of a separate Cu gettering band below RP, as detected by secondary ion mass spectrometry, indicates the presence of a significant amount of defects therein. These defects have not been detected by transmission electron microscopy and we suggest that they are small interstitial clusters. The amount of Cu atoms gettered beyond RP is, particularly for the P implants, much greater than that in the gettering layer at RP, indicating that the gettering ability of the point defects beyond RP is higher than that of the extended defects at RP. A mechanism responsible for their formation and clustering in the trans-RP region is proposed, and an explanation is given of the differences in the results for the P and As implants. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Five different species, namely B, Si, P, Ge, and As, were implanted at MeV energies into (100)-oriented n-type Czohralski Si, in order to form deep gettering layers during the subsequent annealing. Then the samples were contaminated with Cu by implanting the impurity on the backface and performing additional annealing. The resulting Cu depth distributions were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Strong gettering of Cu atoms beyond the projected ion range RP and formation of a well-defined separate Cu gettering band therein is found for P and As implants. We call this phenomenon the "trans-RP effect." It arises from the presence of a significant amount of defects in the regions much deeper than RP. Their gettering ability is higher than that of the extended defects around RP, as the amount of Cu atoms gettered beyond RP is, especially for the P implants, much greater than that in the implanted gettering layer at RP. These deep defects have not been detected by transmission electron microscopy, and we suggest that they are small interstitial clusters. A mechanism responsible for the migration of self-interstitials from RP into the trans-RP region and their clustering therein is proposed. An explanation is given of the possible reasons for the differences in the results for the P+ and As+ implants. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 1287-1292 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of crystalline SiC by implantation of C ions into silicon is not a single-step process. The implantation results in an elastic distortion of the Si matrix lattice and in the formation of crystalline SiC particles, depending on ion fluence and thermal conditions during implantation and postannealing. The growth of the SiC particles in the Si matrix was studied with various synchrotron x-ray scattering techniques and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Crystallites of the 3C–SiC polytype are formed in a buried layer. Three groups of crystallites with different orientation relative to the Si matrix are found: with a random orientation like in a powder material, with a fiber texture axis parallel to the surface normal, and completely aligned to the Si matrix lattice due to a partially coherent growth of SiC in the Si matrix. The thermal treatment favors the growth of highly oriented material: a higher implantation temperature is more efficient than a postimplantation treatment even at higher temperatures.© 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3162-3167 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Boron was implanted with four energies and doses at 400 °C into 6H–SiC epilayers to form a 500 nm thick doped layer with a mean concentration between 1×1018 and 1.5×1021 cm−3. Two annealing techniques were used: furnace and flash lamp annealing. The electrical and microstructural effects were investigated using temperature dependent Hall measurements, cross sectional electron microscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. During the annealing two competing processes occurred: boron outdiffusion and growth of boron containing precipitates. The efficiency of these individual processes is different for varying dopant concentrations as well as annealing techniques. After furnace annealing at temperatures between 1550 and 1750 °C and for a mean boron concentration of 5×1019 cm−3 boron containing clusters are found mainly around the region of the three deeper implantation peaks. In the surface region boron outdiffusion is observed adjusting a concentration of 1.5×1019 cm−3. Using flash lamp annealing, the outdiffusion is negligible. For high dopant concentrations (1.5×1021 cm−3) the growth of random distributed boron precipitates is the dominating effect independent of the used annealing techniques. The electrical activation is limited due to the solubility of boron in SiC. After furnace annealing Hall effect measurements show a maximum hole concentration of about 2×1016 cm−3 for the boron concentration of about 5×1018 cm−3. Alternative to the furnace annealing, the electrical properties after flash lamp annealing at about 2000 °C, 20 ms show a slight enhancement of the maximum hole concentration for boron concentrations 〈3×1020 cm−3. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 70-72 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-resistivity (〈0.1 Ω cm), p-type SiC layers of about 500 nm width and targeted acceptor concentrations of 1.5×1020 cm−3 and 5.0×1020 cm−3 were produced by the combination of high-dose (1.0 and 3.3×1016 cm−2), multienergy (50–450 keV) Al+ ion implantation of 6H-SiC at −130 °C, ion-beam-induced crystallization with 500 keV, 5×1015 Si+ cm−2 at 500 °C and subsequent furnace annealing at 1500 °C for 10 min. The implanted SiC layers have a nanocrystalline structure consisting of randomly oriented grains of mainly 3C-SiC. The electrical properties of the doped, nanocrystalline layers were investigated by sheet resistance and Hall measurements in dependence on temperature and compared with results from single-crystalline reference samples. In comparison with the standard doping process, the hole concentration at 50 °C is enhanced by more than one order of magnitude from 9.0×1017 cm−3 to 1.6×1019 cm−3 in the case of 1.5×1020 Al cm−3 and from 6.1×1018 cm−3 to 8.0×1019 cm−3 in the case of 5.0×1020 Al cm−3, respectively. It can be speculated that the loss of active Al acceptors by precipitation is reduced in the nanocrystalline layers and, therefore, the critical concentration for the formation of an impurity band can be achieved. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 732-734 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of helium induced cavities in silicon is studied as a function of implant energy (10 and 40 keV) and dose (1×1015, 1×1016, and 5×1016 cm−2). Specimens are analyzed after annealing (800 °C, 10 min) by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and elastic recoil detection (ERD). Cavity nucleation and growth phenomena are discussed in terms of three different regimes depending on the implanted He content. For the low (1×1015 cm−2) and high (5×1016 cm−2) doses our results are consistent with the information in the literature. However, at the medium dose (1×1016 cm−2), contrary to the gas release calculations which predict the formation of empty cavities, ERD analysis shows that a measurable fraction of the implanted He is still present in the annealed samples. In this case TEM analyses reveal that the cavities are surrounded by a strong strain field contrast and dislocation loops are generated. The results obtained are discussed on the basis of an alternative nucleation and growth behavior that allows the formation of bubbles in an overpressurized state irrespective of the competition with the gas release process. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3467-3469 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Deep gettering layers have been formed in Si wafers by MeV implantation of Si+ and P+ ions, followed by annealing. Samples have been subsequently contaminated with Cu. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis reveals for P implants gettering of Cu atoms in regions significantly deeper than the projected ion range RP and formation of a separate Cu gettering band there. We call this phenomenon the "trans-RP effect." The results obtained indicate the presence of an appreciable amount of defects in the region beyond RP. Their gettering ability is much higher than that of the implanted gettering layer at RP. The size of these deep defects is below the resolution limit of transmission electron microscopy. We suggest that they are interstitials and/or small interstitial clusters. An explanation of the mechanism responsible for their migration from RP into the trans-RP region and their clustering is proposed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 264-268 (Feb. 1998), p. 661-664 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 133-136 (Jan. 1993), p. 391-396 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 157-162 (May 1994), p. 275-286 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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