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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 6726-6733 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Al0.48In0.52As layers grown on n+-InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD), as a function of substrate temperature, have been characterized by current-voltage-temperature, capacitance-voltage, deep-level transient spectroscopy, and admittance spectroscopy measurements. It was found that for diodes formed on MOCVD-AlInAs the current in forward bias is dominated by thermionic emission and the reverse current by recombination through the residual midgap states; whereas, for MBE-AlInAs diodes, the respective currents are dominated by defect-assisted tunneling at low forward and reverse biases. Schottky barrier heights were found to decrease with decreasing growth temperature. Three defect levels E1, E2, and E3 were observed in both material systems, and their densities were found to increase rapidly from ∼1012 to ∼1016 cm−3 as the growth temperature decreased from 740 to 500 °C. The decrease of barrier height and the appearance of the defect-assisted tunneling current at low bias were found to correlate with the increase of defect density. The high density of defects may be responsible for the low barrier heights and higher leakage currents previously observed in AlInAs/InGaAs/InP high electron mobility transistors though MOCVD growth provided high quality AlInAs layers.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 3709-3715 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Current-voltage (I-V) measurements have been carried out on p-type InP Schottky diodes following 1 MeV electron radiation. Having received an electron fluence of 1016 cm−2, the I-V-T properties of the diodes show that the conduction mechanism is dominated by thermionic-field emission at low temperature under forward or reverse bias, while that of samples having received an electron fluence of 〈1015 cm−2, conduction is dominated solely by the thermionic emission of carriers. The characteristic value E0 of thermionic-field emission showed a corresponding defect density of 5×1017–1018 cm−3. The radiation defects introduced in the InP cells were found to appear as deep traps, which caused a significant increase in the series resistance of the diodes. The dominant defects showed an activation energy of 0.3 eV obtained from the temperature dependence of the series resistance of the diodes, and were almost entirely removed following a 10 min anneal at 100 °C. These characteristics show that the dominant defects found did not correspond to the defects H3, H4, and E2 usually observed by deep level transient spectroscopy.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 3055-3061 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analysis of current-voltage, capacitance-voltage properties of ITO/p-InP solar cell structures has been carried out. I-V-T properties of ITO/p-InP structures show that the conduction of diodes is dominated by defect-assisted tunnelling at low bias, and by thermionic emission at high bias similar to Schottky diodes. Experimental results gave an increased barrier height from thermionic-emission, an anomalously large intercept from 1/C2 vs VB plots on the bias axis and a near-surface depletion of carriers. Such anomalies could be removed by thermal annealing at temperatures, TA≥200 °C, or by etching a thin InP surface layer. All these results demonstrate the existence of a near surface n-type layer, which is a result of process-induced donor-like defects, and the ITO/InP junction is more likely a buried n/p junction.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3622-3629 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of growth temperature and subsequent annealing temperatures on the electrical properties of the low temperature (LT) grown GaAs have been investigated. It was found that the resistivity of the as-grown LT-GaAs layer increased with increasing growth temperature, but was accompanied by a reduction of breakdown voltage over the same temperature range. Thermal annealing of the samples caused the resistivity to rise exponentially with increasing annealing temperature TA, giving an activation energy of EA=2.1 eV. The transport of the LT-GaAs layers grown at Tg≤250 °C was found to be dominated by hopping conduction in the entire measurement temperature range (100–300 K), but following annealing at TA(approximately-greater-than)500 °C, the resistivity-temperature dependence gave an activation energy of ∼0.7 eV. The breakdown voltage VBD, for as-grown LT-GaAs was enhanced on lowering the measurement temperature, but conversely, decreased over the same temperature range following annealing at TA(approximately-greater-than)500 °C. The hopping conduction between arsenic defects, or arsenic clusters in annealed samples, is believed to be responsible for the observed electrical breakdown properties. Since the resistivities of the as-grown LT-GaAs layers are dependent, solely, on the excess arsenic, which in turn depends on the growth temperature, then the resistivities obtained can be used as a measure of the growth temperature. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 620-627 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrical characterization has been carried out on electron irradiated InP grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) and liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC), through I–V (–T), C–V, deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and admittance spectroscopy measurements and the resistance to electron radiation for these two materials has been compared. It was found that MOCVD-InP was more resistant to electron radiation than LEC-InP, as demonstrated by the lower carrier removal rate and change of series resistance in the MOCVD-InP diodes as a result of electron radiation. The introduction rates for the dominant hole defects H3 and H4 and for additional electron defect states were found to be similar for both materials, but were insufficient to explain the degree of degradation of solar cell efficiency incurred by these known defects. A new defect, HD1, has been found to be responsible for the high carrier removal rate and the introduction of a large series resistance which accounts for the difference of radiation hardness between these two materials. The results again show that the dominant irradiation defects in InP are not the defects H3 and H4 as is usually accepted, but the new found defect HD1, which was undetected by the DLTS technique. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 36-38 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-field mobility of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in selectively doped pseudomorphic N-Al0.3Ga0.7As/ Ga0.8In0.13As/GaAs structures was measured as a function of carrier concentration as well as a function of temperature. In order to explain the observed mobility characteristics, scattering due to clustering has been considered. It is shown that the low-field mobility of 2DEG at low temperature (〈40 K) can be explained by the scattering due to clustering together with the remote ionized impurity scattering.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 705-707 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: I-V properties of indium tin oxide (ITO)/p-InP solar cell structures measured at various temperatures show that the conduction mechanism is dominated by tunneling at low forward bias, and by thermionic emission at high forward bias. An increase of barrier height of 200–300 meV was found for all ITO/InP diodes compared with Au/InP Schottky diodes. Donorlike defects were found to be responsible for the increase of barrier height, and to cause the defect-assisted tunneling conduction. The experimental results support the model of a buried n+/p junction with the n+ layer induced by the sputter deposition of ITO.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3614-3616 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The post-growth annealing effects on the electrical properties of low temperature (LT-) GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy have been investigated. It was found that the resistivity of the LT-GaAs layer increased exponentially with annealing temperature TA, resulting in an activation energy of 2.1 eV. This activation energy is related to the activation energy of arsenic precipitation. Based on hopping conduction theory, an As cluster density NT, has been estimated from the resistivities of the LT-GaAs layers. The change of density of arsenic clusters with TA, was found to be of the form NT=NT0 exp(−T/T0), in agreement with values obtained by transmission electron microscopy measurements. The breakdown voltage of the LT-GaAs layer remained almost unchanged as TA was increased up to 650 °C, but the breakdown characteristic became soft. The formation of As clusters is held responsible for the soft breakdown of the LT-GaAs layer after annealing.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 4549-4551 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The quantum Hall effect of electrons in AlGaAs/Ga1−x Inx As/GaAs pseudomorphic strained heterostructures is reported for the first time. Despite the large strain induced by the lattice mismatch, clear quantum Hall plateaus and Shubnikov–de Haas oscillation are observed, indicating the presence of a well behaved two-dimensional electron gas. Although the mobility of the sample is fairly low, a pronounced asymmetry in the spin splitting of the magnetoresistivity appears at high magnetic fields in contrast to the previous results on AlGaAs/GaAs structures where asymmetry appears only in the high-mobility samples and disappears when the mobility is lower. This indicates that the shape of the state density is not influenced significantly by the presence of the high concentration of the short-range cluster-scattering centers.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 21 (1980), S. 3135-3138 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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