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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triploidization of European catfish, Silurus glanis L., by heat shock (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 26 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Heat shock was applied to fertilized eggs of European catfish, Silurus glanis L., for the induction of triploidy. A heat shock of 40. 5°C lasting 1 min and starting 9 min after gamete activation gave the best results with 88.93% of hatched viable fry (92.41% in control group). Yields of hatched viable triploid fry reached 63.14% or 50.60%, when expressed as percentage of the absolute number of viable fry or number of living eggs in eye-bud stage, respectively (P 〈 0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1995.tb00925.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the flagellum morphology of intact and frozen/thawed Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii (Brandt) sperm during motility (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Morphological investigations on the changes in flagellar beating was carried out on native (taken from the milt) and thawed sperm of the Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii (Brandt). Immediately after activation, the pattern of flagellar wave formation and distribution was the same in native and thawed sperm but, after 27–42 s, depending on the samples, the thawed flagella showed asymmetric and poorly developed waves. The swimming trajectories recorded during 1-s exposure were much shorter in thawed than in native sperm after 26–28 s motility. In native sperm, the flagella remained in the same axis as the head during the entire motility course, while the head of thawed sperm showed a right angle after 47 s. It is concluded that the freezing/thawing procedure induces some alteration in the dynamics of flagellar beating in many sperm, but these sperm still show progressive displacement. Therefore, the change in morphology of the flagellum during motion is a parameter that should be taken into account in the evaluation of the impact of various treatments on sperm motility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2000.00423.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Top-crossing with paternal inheritance testing of 4-month-old common carp Cyprinus carpio L. progeny in three altitude conditions (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The breeding goal of the Genetic and Breeding Department, University of South Bohemia, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology at Vodňany along with the testing stations was to test weight, survival and heterosis effect in low, medium and high altitudes (250, 400 and 750 m respectively) above sea level. The breeding programme is focused to search for heterosis effect of hybrids by means of top-crossing. A newly established Hungarian synthetic mirror carp strain (HSM) was chosen for testing as a maternal strain. The HSM, as well as wild Amur carp (AC), Ropsha carp (ROP) and Tata carp (TAT) were used as paternal strains. The genetic distance between the maternal strain and the paternal ones according to Roger’s test was 0.19 for AC, 0.15 for ROP and 0.12 for TAT. The first season of the top-crossing test on up to 4-month-old carp was performed by means of separate rearing of each group of fry with controls. The cross-bred HSM ×  ROP gained the best survival of 65.80 ± 38.45% compared with 53.40 ± 30.63%, 49.00 ± 45.95% and 34.90 ± 23.22% for HSM ×  AC, HSM ×  TAT cross-breds and purebred HSM respectively. The highest significant corrected weight was obtained with HSM ×  ROP cross-bred (43.95 ± 1.33 g), compared with HSM ×  AC cross-bred (38.96 ± 0.93 g), and significantly low corrected weights were obtained with HSM ×  TAT cross-bred and HSM purebred (28.08 ± 1.31 and 27.82 ± 0.97 respectively. Significantly, the highest heterosis effect was obtained in both HSM ×  AC, 62%, and HSM ×  ROP cross-breds, 58%, compared with HSM ×  TAT crossbred, 18%), as predicted from the highest genetic distances. Also, a HSM ×  ROP cross-bred was very adaptive to three different altitudes, regions and management in pond stations and meteorological conditions, in accordance with the best results in total altitude conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1999.00431.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artificial insemination in tench, Tinca tinca L. (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The sperm of tench, Tinca tinca L., is characterized by a milky colour and consistency, and is of very low density. After collecting the sperm, motion of spermatozoa was recorded even without water activation. A better motility value (value 4·36 on average) was observed in spermatozoa collected in immobilizing solution (collecting medium) and stored for 3h, when compared with spermatozoa without collecting medium. Average total and relative numbers of spermatozoa were 12·16 × 109 per male and 18·50 × 109 per kg of body weight, respectively. When testing the effect of activating solution in artificial propagation of tench, the highest fertilization rates (81·3 and 85% in two cases) were found for NaCl solution with an osmotic concentration of 34 or 69 mOsmol and for fresh water, respectively. The fertility rate was reduced significantly (P 〈 0·01) by any increase above 105 mOsmol in NaCl concentration in the activating solution. In the tests of optimal method of artificial fertilization, the highest hatching rate of sac fry (71·35%) was found in sperm collected into immobilizing solution. The application of immobilizing solution significantly increased the number of sac fry at the levels P 〈 0·1 and P 〈 0·01, if compared with intact sperm stored for 3 h and fresh sperm, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00609.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Motility of spermatozoa from shovelnose sturgeon and paddlefish (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The spermatozoa in the seminal plasma from shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus and paddlefish Polyodon spathula were immotile with only a few spontaneously motile spermatozoa for 5-10 and 10-20 s, respectively. Spermatozoa of shovelnose sturgeon were observed to be 100% motile immediately after sperm dilution in 10 mm NaCl and 20 mm Tris-HCl, pH 8.5. The duration of mass progressive movement was 2-3 min; and 1 to 5% of spermatozoa remain active after 360 s (P〈0.01). Spermatozoa of paddlefish demonstrated the best motility 10 s after dilution in 10 mm NaCl with 20 mm Tris-HCl, pH 8.5. The duration of mass progressive movement was 2-3 min and 1 to 5% of spermatozoa remained active after 370 s (p〈0.01). The spermatozoa of shovelnose sturgeon and paddlefish were motile in a range of osmotic pressure from 0 to 100 mosmol kg−1 and 0 to 120 mosmol kg−1, respectively. The best results with short-term storage of sperm from shovelnose sturgeon and paddlefish were observed in 100 mm glucose + 20 mm Tris-HCl, pH 8.5 and 150 mm glucose + 20 mm Tris-HCl, pH 8.5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb06011.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface ultrastructure of paddlefish eggs before and after fertilization (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 51 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The surface ultrastructure of eggs of the paddlefish Polyodon spathula was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Mature eggs of paddlefish possess four to 12 micropyles in the animal polar region. There are sperm entry sites in the egg surface under the micropyles which consist of tufts of microvilli. Five to nine sperm entry sites were observed on mature eggs. Probably, the number of sperm entry sites corresponds to the number of micropyles. In a few eggs, 1 min after fertilization the ball-like enlarged top of a cytoplasmic process (probably a full-grown fertilization cone) had reached the external aperture or the canal of several micropyles. In other micropyles of the same egg, a few smaller cytoplasmic processes or flocculent material were found in the micropylar canal. With one exception, no sperm tails were found there. The formation of the full-grown cytoplasmic process is possibly initiated before the cortical reaction has started in an area of the animal hemisphere. Three, 10 and 20 min after fertilization, the uneven surface of the cortical cytoplasm in the animal polar region rose gently where microvilli were much less than the in other area and together with a secondary polar body at the latter stage. Taken together, paddlefish eggs may have sperm entry sites corresponding to the number of micropyles and respond to the stimulus of fertilization by forming a few cytoplasmic processes–fertilization cones (larger and smaller). Sperm penetration into the egg may be achieved at an earlier stage of fertilization (sperm-egg contact), as inferred from the fact that a secondary polar body was formed at the 20-min stage irrespective of the exceptional finding of the sperm tail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01513.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-term storage of ova of common carp and tench in extenders (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 59 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In a study of the effect of short-term storage on the hatching rate of common carp Cyprinus carpio and tench Tinca tinca ova in vitro in various extenders at 21° C under aerobic conditions, the best extender for 30 min storage for common carp appeared to be Dettlaff 1. This gave the same hatching rate as controls without extender (55%v. 56%). For 60 min storage of ova, the best extenders were Dettlaff 2 (24% hatching rate) and Dettlaff 3 (30%), but hatching was significantly lower than in the control (58%). In carp ovarian artificial fluid (CAF) extender, the hatching rate of common carp ova was also high after 10 min, but decreased to 12% after 30 min. In tench, the hatching rate of ova increased after 10 min storage in Dettlaff 5 extender (44%) compared to the control (41%) without extender. However, it was significantly lower after storage in Dettlaff 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and CAF extenders for 20, 30 and 60 min, compared to controls. Malformations (10–50%) were observed in the tench second control groups without extender after 10, 20 and 30 min storage of ova.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb02366.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of osmolality and ions on the motility of stripped and testicular sperm of freshwater-and seawater-acclimated tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 55 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A significantly higher concentration of testicular spermatozoa was obtained from freshwater Oreochromis mossambicus (9·9×109 spermatozoa ml−1) than seawater O. mossambicus (4·6×109 spermatozoa ml−1). The mean osmolality of the urine of freshwater fish (78·5 mOsmol kg−1) was significantly different from that of seawater fish (304·8 mOsmol kg−1). The mean length of the mid-piece of the spermatozoa together with the tail was more variable in freshwater O. mossambicus (8·80±0·23μm) than in seawater specimens (8·27±0·18 μm). Stripped sperm of freshwater O. mossambicus was highly contaminated by urine which was a good activator of sperm motility in O. mossambicus held in both fresh and sea water. The osmolality for initiation of motility in freshwater O. mossambicus spermatozoa was from 0 to 333 mOsmol kg−1 while for seawater O. mossambicus spermatozoa it was from 0 to 1022 mOsmol kg−1. The optimum osmolality for motility was from 70 to 333 mOsmol kg−1 for freshwater O. mossambicus spermatozoa and from 333 to 645 mOsmol kg−1 for seawater fish. In freshwater O. mossambicus spermatozoa, the presence of 20 mM CaCl2 increased the permissive osmolality of NaCl from 184 to 645 mOsmol kg−1. For seawater O. mossambicus spermatozoa, solutions of NaCl devoid of CaCl2 were unable initiate motility, but the addition of 1·5 to 30 mM CaCl2 to the NaCl solution (0–934 mOsmol kg1) had a full motility initiating effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb02080.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of motility parameters from paddlefish and shovelnose sturgeon spermatozoa (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 56 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ninety to 100% of paddlefish Polyodon spathula were motile just after transfer into distilled water, with a velocity of 175 μm s-1, a flagellar beat frequency of 50 Hz and motility lasting 4–6 min. Similarly, 80–95% of shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus spermatozoa were motile immediately when diluted in distilled water, with a velocity of 200 μm s-1, a flagellar beat frequency of 48 Hz and a period of motility of 2–3 min. In both species, after sperm dilution in a swimming solution composed of 20 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8·2) and 20 mM NaCl, a majority of the samples showed 100% motility of spermatozoa with flagella beat frequency of 50 Hz within the 5 s following activation and a higher velocity than in distilled water. In such a swimming medium, the time of motility was prolonged up to 9 min for paddlefish and 5 min for sturgeon and a lower proportion of sperm cells had damage such as blebs of the flagellar membrane or curling of the flagellar tip, compared with those in distilled water. The shape of the flagellar waves changed during the motility phase, mostly through a restriction at the part of the flagellum most proximal to the head. A rotational movement of whole cells was observed for spermatozoa of both species. There were significant differences in velocity of spermatozoa between swimming media and distilled water and between paddlefish and shovelnose sturgeon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02148.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg incubation time and hatching success in tench Tinca tinca (L.) related to the procedure of egg stickiness elimination (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Journal of applied ichthyology 19 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The experiment showed different results after a short (2 min) enzyme alcalase Merck EC 3.4.21.14 (5.0 ml L−1 concentration) treatment of tench eggs in contrast to the traditional methods of eliminating egg stickiness involving milk solution (50 g L−1) treatment for 70 min followed by the addition of a talc suspension (33 g L−1) for 10 min or treatment by fine clay suspension (20 g L−1) for 60 min or talc suspension (33 g L−1) for 80 min. The alcalase enzyme treatment resulted in decreased egg stickiness compared with the conventional milk/clay/talc treatments, indicated by lower duration of egg incubation and higher hatching rates (anova for hatching rate, P 〈 0.0084). The highest hatching rate (93.2%) was achieved using the enzyme; the lowest (31.3%) was using a talc suspension (control hatching rate was 86.2%). Duration of egg incubation at degree-days (D°) after enzyme treatment (58.6 D°) was about 4–5 h shorter than the classical method using milk solution and talc suspension (63–65 D°). Prolongation in the latter classical method may also be explained by a hardening of the egg envelopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2003.00465.x
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