Publication Date:
2023-01-30
Description:
Mt. Stromboli is an iconic active volcano, located in the Aeolian Islands archipelago, off the north coast of Sicily (Italy), in the Mediterranean Sea. Its volcanic activity is characterized by mild and frequent explosions, sometimes interrupted by occasional episodes of more vigorous activity, which can be accompanied by lava flows and more energetic eruptions, known as "major" or "paroxysmal" eruptions, according to the energy dissipated during the event.
Stromboli produced vulcanian eruptions in 2003, 2007 and July-August 2019, which were well recorded by the INGV monitoring network. In particular the last three events were accompanied by a wide range of phenomena (pyroclastic flows which produced tsunami waves, lava flows, eruptive column several kilometers high) and have been studied through records from borehole strainmeters, which allow us to infer many details of source dynamics. These events are clearly preceded by an inflation phase of the volcanic building characterized by a slow strain buildup, starting several minutes before the paroxysms. These observations could be used in future for civil protection purposes. The recorded eruptions consist of two or more pulses, with oscillations ranging from several seconds, as in 2007, to some minutes, such as in 2019 and lasting from several minutes to one hour after the explosions.
Mechanisms involved in the triggering process of the vulcanian explosions include an increase of magma flux ascending from sources located from 2 to 5-7 km depths and morphological complexity in the upper feeding system.
A preliminary early-warning algorithm, based on an evaluation of strain rate change, has been defined: it has shown itself capable of ascertain the occurring eruptions minutes before their summit onset.
Keywords:
early-warning algorithm; early-warning system; paroxysmal eruption; Sacks-Evertson_borehole; STRAIN; Strainmeter; Stromboli, Italy; volcanic eruption
Type:
Dataset
Format:
application/zip, 3 datasets
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