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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the use of the thermal wave resonator cavity sensor for monitoring hydrocarbon vapors (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 2928-2932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A gas sensing device based on a thermal wave resonator cavity is outlined. It is experimentally tested by monitoring the presence of several hydrocarbon vapors in air via the measurement of the thermal diffusivity. It is also shown that its time-dependent response may be used to follow the vapor diffusion. It is shown that its characteristic response time is linearly correlated to the thermal diffusivity value of the mixture. The steps toward the development of a practical sensing device are further discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150712
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge injection from polyaniline-poly (methylmethacrylate) blends into poly (p-phenylene vinylene) (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 1445-1448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Blends of polyaniline doped with camphorsulfonic acid, (PAni–CSA), and poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) are important candidates for hole injection electrode material in organic light emitting devices. We present a quantitative analysis of the potential barrier heights at interfaces between the PAni–CSA/PMMA blend and poly-(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV). The barrier height determination, which is of crucial importance for radiant efficiency control of organic light emitting diodes, is based on temperature dependent tunneling current measurements. The value of the [PAni–CSA/PMMA]/PPV potential barrier height is found to be independent of the PAni–CSA concentration in the blend, except near the percolation threshold, where an increase in the barrier height value is observed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368606
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phenomenological model of switching in metal-thin insulator-semiconductor-semiconductor devices: A development of the analogy with the thyristor (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 2102-2110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The present understanding of the basic operational parameters of two- and three-terminal metal-thin insulator-semiconductor-semiconductor (MISS) switches is reviewed briefly. Although several different approaches have been tried, since the first descriptions of MISS devices in 1972, agreement between theory and experiment is at best semiquantitative. Even a parameter as basic as the (dc) static threshold voltage is not accurately predicted by current models. In the present paper a thyristor analogy is developed more fully and quantitatively, drawing upon well-established theories of instabilities in p-n-p-n structures. By making the justified assumption that in MISS devices inversion at the semiconductor-insulator interface forms only when the switching voltage is attained, it is possible to predict the threshold voltage and its temperature dependence in two-terminal structures. The effect of base current on the switching voltage of three-terminal devices can similarly be accounted for in a phenomenological way. Comparisons are made with published data from several sources and the thyristor model is shown to provide good agreement between experimental data and calculated parameters (values of the threshold voltage) for MISS devices with silicon oxide insulating layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342858
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the thermal wave resonator to the measurement of the thermal diffusivity of gas mixtures (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1580-1582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A gas analyzer device based on thermal wave interference in a cavity is presented. The thermal diffusivity of CO2:air mixtures as a function of the relative concentration is measured. It is demonstrated that different concentrations of CO2 in air can be detected with accuracy using the described experimental device. The results presented here open the possibility to perform routine measurements of thermal diffusivity of binary gas mixtures and using this parameter to monitor the relative gas concentration. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1334622
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring of hydrocarbon vapor diffusion in air using a thermal wave interferometer (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 5581-5586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A discussion on the use of thermal wave interference (TWI) for the monitoring of the transients of hydrocarbon in air is presented. The thermal wave signal was modeled using the logarithm-mixing model for the thermal diffusivity of a two-phase gas system in which the hydrocarbon vapor concentration in the air-filled TWI cell is a varying function of time. The time varying hydrocarbon vapor concentration was described assuming the simple Fick's model for mass diffusion of the hydrocarbon vapor in the stagnant air column of the TWI cell. The transient TWI signal amplitude data fitting yielded two parameters, namely, the saturation concentration and the characteristic diffusion time. From the corresponding values of the diffusion time the hydrocarbon mass diffusivities were straightforwardly obtained. The obtained values for the hydrocarbon mass diffusivities were found to be in good agreement with the ones reported in the literature. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1465104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND THE POTENTIAL FOR CONSERVATION IN A SPRAY-DRIED COFFEE PLANT (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 45 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Consumption of direct energy sources in a plant producing spray-dried coffee amounted to 12,930 kcal/kg of instant coffee (kg IC). Thermal energy sources accounted for 95% of the energy and electricity for the rest. Spray-drying was the most energy intensive operation, requiring 5,040 k/kg IC. Thermal energy consumption (kcal/kg IC) for roasting, extraction, and concentration was 890, 2,030, and 1,780, respectively. Thermal energy losses in the unit operations amounted to 55% of that consumed. Heat recovery and insulation techniques can be used to conserve about 70% of the losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1980.tb04132.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copper balances in cocoa agrarian ecosystems: effects of differential use of cupric fungicides
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 48 (1994), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-8809
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(94)90071-X
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoluminescent parameters from a Brazilian calcite glow curve
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: 280 (1989), S. 436-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9002(89)90949-2
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine Ion-Selective Electrode for Potentiometry in Pharmaceutical Preparations (1999)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 131 (1999), S. 187-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Keywords. ion selective electrode; dopamine; potentiometry; cyclodextrin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  This paper reports the construction and evaluation of a dopamine sensitive electrode and its usefulness for the determination of this compound by direct potentiometry in pharmaceutical preparations. The electrode comprised a carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) membrane based on β-cyclodextrine dissolved in 2-fluoro-2-nitrodiphenyl ether and using tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl) borate as a fixed anionic site. For comparison purposes membranes with similar composition but including normal high molecular weight PVC were also prepared. The electrodes including carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) presented linear response within the concentration range of 5×10−5 and 10−1 mol dm−3 of dopamine with a slope of about 59 mV decade−1 of activity, in the pH range of 2 to 7.5 units. The response time was less than 15 seconds. Selectivity coefficients for different interferents including sodium, potassium, ammonium, lithium, epinephrine and norepinephrine were evaluated using the separated solution method and no significant interferences were observed. The electrode displays useful analytical characteristics for the direct determination of dopamine in pharmaceutical preparations. Results with an average recovery of 98.6±0.3% were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010030
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrum of γ-Fluids: A statistical derivation (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of theoretical physics 35 (1996), S. 2013-2018 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9575
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spectrum of massless bosonic and fermionic fluids satisfying the equation of statep=(γ−1)ρ is derived using elementary statistical methods. As a limiting case, the Lorentz-invariant spectrum of the vacuum (γ=0,p=−ρ) is deduced. These results are in agreement with our earlier derivation for bosons using thermodynamics and semiclassical considerations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02302425
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