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  • 1
    Keywords: Geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Earth sciences. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Earth Sciences.
    Abstract: This open access book includes instruction of national mineral database 2020 and atlas of national mineral deposits distribution derived from national mineral database 2020. National mineral database 2020 is based on data from National Geological Archives China(NGAC). Moreover, it introduces the construction method and updates maintenance mechanism of the mineral deposits database and proposes the concept of updating data based on collected archives. The construction guideline on national mineral deposits database provides guiding framework for the future development on geological database. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 93 p. 90 illus., 89 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9789811609725
    Series Statement: The China Geological Survey Series,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-01-12
    Description: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease. To identify potential clinically actionable therapeutic targets that may inform individualized treatment strategies, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 78 GCs of differing histologies and anatomic locations, as well as whole-genome sequencing on two GC cases, each with three primary tumors and two matching lymph node metastases. The data showed two distinct GC subtypes with either high-clonality (HiC) or low-clonality (LoC). The HiC subtype of intratumoral heterogeneity was associated with older age, TP53 (tumor protein P53) mutation, enriched C 〉 G transition, and significantly shorter survival, whereas the LoC subtype was associated with younger age, ARID1A (AT rich interactive domain 1A) mutation, and significantly longer survival. Phylogenetic tree analysis of whole-genome sequencing data from multiple samples of two patients supported the clonal evolution of GC metastasis and revealed the accumulation of genetic defects that necessitate combination therapeutics. The most recurrently mutated genes, which were validated in a separate cohort of 216 cases by targeted sequencing, were members of the homologous recombination DNA repair, Wnt, and PI3K-ERBB pathways. Notably, the drugable NRG1 (neuregulin-1) and ERBB4 (V-Erb-B2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4) ligand-receptor pair were mutated in 10% of GC cases. Mutations of the BRCA2 (breast cancer 2, early onset) gene, found in 8% of our cohort and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas GC cohort, were associated with significantly longer survivals. These data define distinct clinicogenetic forms of GC in the Chinese population that are characterized by specific mutation sets that can be investigated for efficacy of single and combination therapies.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0167-577X
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4979
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: A simple and dual modal (colorimetric and fluorescent) sensor for organophosphate pesticides with high sensitivity and selectivity using adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- and rhodamine B-modified gold nanoparticles (RB-AuNPs), was successfully fabricated. This detection for ethoprophos afforded colorimetric and fluorescence imaging changes visualization. The quantitative determination was linearly proportional to the amounts of ethoprophos in the range of a micromolar scale (4.0–15.0 µM). The limit of detection for ethoprophos was as low as 37.0 nM at 3σ/k. Moreover, the extent application of this simple assay was successfully demonstrated in tap water samples with high reliability and applicability, indicating remarkable application in real samples.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-10-27
    Description: The conventional direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm with static sources assumption usually estimates the source angles of two adjacent moments independently and the correlation of the moments is not considered. In this article, we focus on the DOA estimation of moving sources and a modified particle filtering (MPF) algorithm is proposed with state space model of single acoustic vector sensor. Although the particle filtering (PF) algorithm has been introduced for acoustic vector sensor applications, it is not suitable for the case that one dimension angle of source is estimated with large deviation, the two dimension angles (pitch angle and azimuth angle) cannot be simultaneously employed to update the state through resampling processing of PF algorithm. To solve the problems mentioned above, the MPF algorithm is proposed in which the state estimation of previous moment is introduced to the particle sampling of present moment to improve the importance function. Moreover, the independent relationship of pitch angle and azimuth angle is considered and the two dimension angles are sampled and evaluated, respectively. Then, the MUSIC spectrum function is used as the “likehood” function of the MPF algorithm, and the modified PF-MUSIC (MPF-MUSIC) algorithm is proposed to improve the root mean square error (RMSE) and the probability of convergence. The theoretical analysis and the simulation results validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the two proposed algorithms.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-11-27
    Description: The use of aquatic plants for phytoremediation is an important method for restoring polluted ecosystems. We sought to analyze the capacity of different aquatic plant species to absorb heavy metals and to summarize available relevant scientific data on this topic. We present a meta-analysis of Cu, Zn, and Cd absorption capacities of aquatic plants to provide a scientific basis for the selection of aquatic plants suitable for remediation of heavy-metal pollution. Plants from the Gramineae, Pontederiaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Typhaceae and Haloragaceae showed relatively strong abilities to absorb these metals. The ability of a particular plant species to absorb a given metal was strongly correlated with its ability to absorb the other metals. However, the absorption abilities varied with the plant organ, with the following trend: roots > stems > leaves. The pH of the water and the life habits of aquatic plants (submerged and emerged) also affect the plant’s ability to absorb elements. Acidic water aids the uptake of heavy metals by plants. The correlation observed between element concentrations in plants with different aquatic life habits suggested that the enrichment mechanism is related to the surface area of the plant exposed to water. We argue that this meta-analysis would aid the selection of aquatic plants suitable for heavy-metal absorption from polluted waters.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: In order to reduce the pollution caused by coal-fired generating units during the heating season, and promote the wind power accommodation, an electrical and thermal system dispatch model based on combined heat and power (CHP) with thermal energy storage (TES) and demand response (DR) is proposed. In this model, the emission cost of CO2, SO2, NOx, and the operation cost of desulfurization and denitrification units is considered as environmental cost, which will increase the proportion of the fuel cost in an economic dispatch model. Meanwhile, the fuel cost of generating units, the operation cost and investment cost of thermal energy storage and electrical energy storage, the incentive cost of DR, and the cost of wind curtailment are comprehensively considered in this dispatch model. Then, on the promise of satisfying the load demand, taking the minimum total cost as an objective function, the power of each unit is optimized by a genetic algorithm. Compared with the traditional dispatch model, in which the environmental cost is not considered, the numerical results show that the daily average emissions CO2, SO2, NOx, are decreased by 14,354.35 kg, 55.5 kg, and 47.15 kg, respectively, and the wind power accommodation is increased by an average of 6.56% in a week.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-05-10
    Description: In this paper, a practical approach for the total synthesis of kipukasin A is presented with 22% overall yield by using tetra- O -acetyl-β-D-ribose as starting material. An improved iodine-promoted acetonide-forming reaction was developed to access 1,2- O -isopropylidene-α-D-ribofuranose. For the first time, ortho- alkynylbenzoate was used as protecting group for the 5-hydoxy group. After subsequent Vorbrüggen glycosylation, the protecting group could be removed smoothly in the presence of 5 mol % Ph 3 PAuOTf in dichloromethane to provide kipukasin A in high yield and regioselectivity. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 855–862. doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.86
    Keywords: gold catalysiskipukasin Amarine nucleosidetotal synthesisVorbrüggen glycosylation
    Electronic ISSN: 1860-5397
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Beilstein-Institut
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2018-05-02
    Description: Energies, Vol. 11, Pages 1105: Location of Faulty Section and Faults in Hybrid Multi-Terminal Lines Based on Traveling Wave Methods Energies doi: 10.3390/en11051105 Authors: Yi Ning Dazhi Wang Yunlu Li Haixin Zhang Traveling-wave-based fault location methods are widely used for modern power systems owing to their high accuracy on two-terminal lines. However, they perform poorly on hybrid multi-terminal lines. Many traveling-wave-based methods have been developed recently to solve this problem, but they have high computational burdens and complex fault location procedures. To tackle this challenge, a new fault location method is presented in this paper. First, to ensure that the implementation of the proposed method is not affected by different line parameters, a normalization algorithm is used for hybrid multi-terminal lines, which consist of overhead lines and cables. To reduce the complexity, a novel fault section identification method that depends only on the first three arrival times is applied to separate a three-terminal fault section from the multi-terminal lines. Consequently, the fault can be located using a corresponding two-terminal fault location method in this fault section. To verify its effectiveness, fault case studies and performance evaluations are performed in the PSCAD and MATLAB/Simulink environment. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method can correctly identify the fault section and accurately locate the faults, which is simple and suitable for hybrid multi-terminal lines.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-10-14
    Description: XAB2 functions in mitotic cell cycle progression via transcriptional regulation of CENPE Cell Death and Disease 7, e2409 (October 2016). doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.313 Authors: Shuai Hou, Na Li, Qian Zhang, Hui Li, Xinyue Wei, Tian Hao, Yue Li, Sikandar Azam, Caigang Liu, Wei Cheng, Bilian Jin, Quentin Liu, Man Li & Haixin Lei
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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