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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulating the dynamics of a vegetation mosaic: a spatialized functional model
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ecological Modelling 71 (1994), S. 107-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-3800
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(94)90078-7
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of simulated herbivory in three old field Compositae with different inflorescence architectures (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 105 (1996), S. 501-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Herbivory ; Compensation ; Crepis foetida ; Crepis pulchra ; Picris hieracioides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of simulated herbivory (early or late defoliation and cutting of the flowering shoot) on the growth and reproduction of three species of monocarpic composite forbs (Crepis pulchra, Picris hieracioides and C. foetida) with different inflorescence architectures were studied in experimental plots. For the three species studied, early defoliation had no significant effect on subsequent growth. In contrast, late defoliation, occurring at the start of the season of drought, had a negative effect on growth and reproduction in the two Crepis species, particularly C. foetida, but had less effect on P. hieracioides. Sexual biomass was more clearly affected by late defoliation than was vegetative biomass, although the effects differed markedly among species possibly as a result of differences in phenology. Clipping the flowering shoot removed about 3 times less biomass than late defoliation and had little effect on vegetative biomass. It had much greater effects on the sexual biomass in P. hieracioides and C. pulchra, and resulted in the production of many shoots sprouting from the rosette, allowing the treated plants to regain a vegetative biomass close to that of control plants. Clipping did however lead to the production of shorter shoots and a reduction in the number of capitula formed. In C. foetida, much branching occurred even when the main shoot was not cut; the architecture of individual plants was therefore only slightly changed by clipping the apical bud and the sexual biomass of this species was not affected by ablation of the flowering shoot. Overcompensation was found in only two families of C. pulchra for vegetative biomass. No over-compensation was found for sexual biomass, despite an increase in the number of flowering shoots in C. pulchra and P. hieracioides following clipping. However situations close to compensation for the vegetative biomass in the three species and in P. hieracioides for the sexual biomass were recorded. The response of the three study species to simulated herbivory were related to their architecture and to the time of defoliation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the floristic composition of a Quercus coccifera L. garrigue in relation to different fire regimes (1981)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 46-47 (1981), S. 105-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Dynamics ; Floristic composition ; Garrigue ; Languedoc ; Mediterranean ; Prescribed burning ; Quercus coccifera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To analyse the impact of fire on plants, an experiment has been set up in a Quercus coccifera L. garrigue near Montpellier. The objectives of the study were to follow the changes of the vegetation after fire in relation with different prescribed burning regimes: a fire every six years, a fire every three years and a fire every two years, lit at two different seasons: end of spring or beginning of autumn. In spite of the frequent burning, the main floristic composition remains constant on the whole. The characteristic dominant taxa remain present. The changes observed are associated both with the frequency and the season of burning. An increase of fire frequency leads to an increase of the number of taxa which cannot persist in the plots. The dates of burning essentially have an essential effect upon the number of taxa which tend to settle: the increase of floristic richness is much more pronounced for the autumn burnings. This relative stability is explained by the fact that most of the taxa present before the burnings regenerate principally by vegetative means, while taxa appearing during the year after each burn are rapidly eliminated by the plants which existed before the fires.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00118388
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elements for a system of data processing in phytosociology and ecology (1979)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 40 (1979), S. 115-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Data-processing ; Ecothèque ; Factor analysis of correspondences ; Phytosoclology ; Salt marsh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary An organization for data-processing in phyto-sociology and plant ccology is deseribed. A good preparation by means of standard sheets for collecting and codifying information from the field is emphasized (Fig. 1). Fig. 2–5 present the arrangement and the logical sequence of the different methods of data analysis (ecological profiles, factor analysis,...) which allows the study of the relations between environmental and floristical variables, in a quick and efficient way. Cooperation with the Ecothèque méditerranéene at Montpellier is both necessary and fruitful. One example is presented using the selection ‘e’ of 58 relevés of salt marsh vegetation retained by the Working Group for Data-Processing of the International Society for Vegetation Science.
    Notes: Résumé Les auteurs proposent ici une organisation du traitement des données en phytosociologie et phyto-écologie. L'organisation repose sur un système bien développé pour rassembler et codifier l'information des reléves. (fig.1). Un ordinogramme (Fig. 2–5) présente l'agencement et l'enchaînement des différentes méthodes d'analyse des données (profils écologiques, analyse factorielle, ...) qui permettent d'étudier les relations entre variables du milieu et variables floristiques. La conception de l'enchaînement des fichiers et des programmes de traitement permet d'aboutir assez rapidement aux résultats, facilitant ainsi la tâche du phytosociologue et du phyto-écologue. Ce travail a été réalisé en commun entre le C.E.P.E. Louis Emberger et l'Ecothèque méditerranéenne conduisant à une coopération nécessaire et utile. Une exemple est traité utilissant la sélection ‘e’ de 58 relevés de milieux salés, sélection retenue par le groupe de travail ‘traitement des données en phytosociologie’ de l'Association internationale de phytosociologie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00055842
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in mediterranean shrub communities with Cytisus purgans and Genista scorpius (1980)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 43 (1980), S. 73-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Cytisus purgans ; Dynamics ; Genista scorpius ; Languedoc ; Mediterranean ; Post-fire succession ; Richness ; Shrub community ; Tree colonization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Shrub communities are important in the mediterranean landscape and linked very much with human activities. The permaneney and the spreading of these communities are related to biological characteristics of the dominant species which control the patterns of changes in structure, richness, ‘types of life forms, and ability of colonization by trees. In this paper, changes in communities are analysed and compared for Cytisus purgans and Genista scorpius (both Papilionaceae). For both communities the schemes of origin and spreading are rather the same: overgrazing and fire play a prominent role. Changes in structure show different stages emphasized by the types of distribution of the chlorophyll containing stratum. There is a direct relation between changes in structure and changes in species richness and life form spectrum: richness decreases generally from the second or third year after fire. According to the dryness of the stand therophytes may or may not be important in the youngest stands. The colonization of the shrub communities by trees is dependent on several conditions, either on the shrub community itself, or on the plant-matrix surrounding the shrub community patch and also on animals; man, too, plays an important role. In conclusion we think that the above-mentioned changes in shrub communities fit the ‘inhibition’ model proposed by Connell & Slatyer (1977); but, more generally it seems that the plant successions observed in our regions follow both, this model and the ‘facilitation’ and ‘tolerance’ models of the same authors. Linked with this fact, it seems that the successions show generally fluctuating values of richness as is suggested by Whittaker (1975). We think that plant succession must be well analyzed at different levels of organization and include the study of the influences man and animals may have.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00121019
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Information efficiency and regional constellation of environmental variables (1980)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 42 (1980), S. 85-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Ecological variable ; Efficiency ; Information ; Languedoc ; Mediterranean ; Quercus lanuginosa communities ; Regional organization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In any set of phyto-ecological relevés a monothetic partition is possible according to variation in each environmental variable. The significance of the partition realized in this way may be judged by its relationships with the pattern of the vegetation. The mean mutual information may be used as a good criterium here. The information efficiency related to each state of a variable (i.e. each class of the partition) can be characterized by the value of mean mutual information and information gain associated to this state. From the study of these values, it appears that: -The states of a variable have very different efficiencies as to the description of pattern in the vegetation. Generally, the extreme states are more discriminant. -The efficiency related to the states of a variable depends largely on the regional organization (as described through the sampling), i.e. on the one hand the important contrasts between the types of environment, and on the other hand the set of linkages between variables. These two remarks lead us to a study of the meaning of ecological variables in their relations with the regional framework of the study. The Quercus lanuginosa communities in ‘Les Garrigues’ region near Montpellier (South of France) are used here as an example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048874
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity and stability in garrigue ecosystems after fire (1980)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 43 (1980), S. 49-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Bas-Languedoc ; Diversity ; Fire ; Fugacity ; Garrigue ecosystems ; Mediterranean ; Southern France ; Stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Vegetation dynamics after fire was studied in six communities in Bas-Languedoc (Southern France). 47 plots were observed by means of a permanent transect for ten years. In the first part, we describe floristic richness, species fugacity and the way by which, the ‘terminal’ community (as defined by the last observation) appears. The dynamics of all these communities follows a simple and general model: floristic richness reaches its maximum during the first two years after a fire, then decreases and becomes stable. Fugacity follows a similar model, whereas the mergence of the ‘terminal’ community is rapid: one year after fire 70% of the plots have already acquired 75% of the species of the ‘terminal’ community. There is no succession (in the general sense of the word), but a progressive reappearance of the species belonging to the original community. In the second part, we study floristic similarities between our plots and corresponding associations as described in literature. It appears that after a fire the floristic diversity of the landscape remains high; while the communities rapidly reach a relative maturity. In the study area fire seems to be a rather superficial phenomenon; it does not lead to an important modification of the community dynamics, because probably the most frequent species in Bas-Languedoc developed adaptations to withstand fire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00121017
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ornithochory and plant succession in mediterranean abandoned orchards (1982)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 48 (1982), S. 255-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Avifauna ; Dispersal ; Mediterranean region ; Nucleation ; Orchard ; Ornithochory ; Succession
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Data on the occurrence of species with fleshy diaspores and on breeding birds were collected in three abandoned orchards, resp. 8, 11 and 24 years after abandonment. Most of the 41 phanerophytes and vines with fleshy diaspores are also found in the borders of the orchards, the more so if the number of years since abandonment increases. Most species have small seeds and red or black coloured diaspores, most of which ripen in autumn. The frequent species show a characteristic distribution pattern in relation to the distance of the fruit trees: high densities near the trunk and uniform decrease with distance. This is explained by the behaviour of frugivorous birds. No correlation was found between distribution patterns and soil conditions. Age structure of colonizing species shows a distribution conforming an inversed J curve in the more recently abandoned orchard. The main conclusions are: 1. Pioncor trees are attractive for frugivorous birds and may act as nuclei. This supports the facilitation model. 2. The distribution of diaspores by birds helps to homogenize the species distribution on the regional level but at the site level individual differences in nucleation cause a heterogeneity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00055269
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant community succession in a coastal wetland after abandonment of cultivation: the example of the Rhone delta (1991)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 94 (1991), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Camargue ; Abandoned Land ; Water regime ; Salinity ; Stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A synchronous study was carried out of plant succession in land abandoned after cultivation in the Camargue (southern France) in relation to the main biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Correlations between environmental factors and species abundance were established using Canonical correspondence analysis. The most strongly correlated variables were those of the water regime. Abandonment of cultivation does not always imply abandonment of management, but a change in land use. Water level management (flooding in winter, or in summer, irrigation) creates and maintains communities suitable for grazing. In the absence of water level management, the soils become saline and stable plant communities similar to those present under natural conditions quickly develop. The salt generally limits the installation of woody plants; only Phillyrea angustifolia can develop and then only when the water stable is quite deep. It appears that the forest stage can only be reached in the proximity of riverine gallery forest and irrigation canals where Populus alba is dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044914
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  • 10
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    Évolution du potentiel hydrique foliaire et de la conductance stomatique de quatre chênes méditerranéens lors d'une période de dessèchement (1991)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0003-4312
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by EDP Sciences
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