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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAGGY, a retrotransposon in the genome of the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe grisea (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 665-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Magnaporthe grisea ; Rice blast ; Repetitive DNA ; Retrotransposon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Full-length copies of a previously described repetitive DNA sequence (CH2-8) were isolated from the genome of theMagnaporthe grisea strain 2539. One copy of the complete element was sequenced and found to resemble agypsy-like LTR retrotransposon. We named this element MAGGY (MAGnaporthe GYpsy-like element). MAGGY contains two internal ORFs putatively encoding Gag, Pol and Env-like proteins which are similar to peptides encoded by retroelements identified in other filamentous fungi. MAGGY was found to be widely distributed amongM. grisea isolates from geographically dispersed locations and different hosts. It was present in high copy number in the genomes of all nine rice-pathogenic isolates examined. By contrast,M. grisea strains isolated from other Gramineae were found to possess varying copy numbers of MAGGY and in some cases the element was completely absent. The wide distribution of MAGGY suggests that this element invaded the genome ofM. grisea prior to the evolution of rice-specific form(s). It may since have been horizontally transmitted to other sub-specific groups. One copy of MAGGY, corresponding to the element we sequenced, was located at identical locations in the genomes of geographically dispersed strains, suggesting that this copy of the element is a relatively ancient insertion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TheMagnaporthe grisea DNA fingerprinting probe MGR586 contains the 3′ end of an inverted repeat transposon (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 675-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Magnaporthe grisea ; Rice blast ; Repetitive DNA ; Transposable element
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract TheMagnaporthe grisea repeat (MGR) sequence MGR586 has been widely used for population studies of the rice blast fungus, and has enabled classification of the fungal population into hundreds of genetic lineages. While studying the distribution of MGR586 sequences in strains ofM. grisea, we discovered that the plasmid probe pCB586 contains a significant amount of single-copy DNA. To define precisely the boundary of the repetitive DNA in pCB586, this plasmid and four cosmid clones containing MGR586 were sequenced. Only 740 bp of one end of the 2.6-bp insert in the pCB586 plasmid was common to all clones. DNA sequence analysis of cosmid DNA revealed that all the cosmids contained common sequences beyond the cloning site in pCB586, indicating that the repetitive DNA in the fingerprinting clone is part of a larger element. The entire repetitive element was sequenced and found to resemble an inverted repeat transposon. This putative transposon is 1.86 kb in length and has perfect terminal repeats of 42 bp, which themselves contain direct repeats of 16 bp. The internal region of the transposon possesses one open reading frame which shows similarity at the peptide level to the Pot2 transposon fromM. grisea and Fot1 fromFusarium oxysporum. Hybridization studies using the entire element as a probe revealed that some strains ofM. grisea, whose DNA hybridized to the pCB586 probe, entirely lacked MGR586 transposon sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174116
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Genetic Approaches to the Study of Fungal Pathogenesis* (1989)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 27 (1989), S. 463-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.27.090189.002335
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Siderophores in Relation to Plant Growth and Disease (1986)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology 37 (1986), S. 187-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4294
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.37.060186.001155
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Phytophthoraa (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Phytophthora ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Gene localization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The organization of the mitochondrial genomes from two morphologically similar Phytophthora isolates, P. megasperma f. sp. glycinea (Pmg) and P. megasperma f. sp. medicaginis (Pmm), and the morphologically different species, P. parasitica var. nicotianae (Ppn), has been studied. The mtDNAs are circular, and their estimated sizes are 45.3 kb, 41 kb, and 39.5 kb for Pmg, Pmm, and Ppn, respectively. Physical maps were constructed for restriction endonuclease sites. Four genes (l-rRNA, s-rRNA, oxi-2, and cob) were found to have the same order in the three mtDNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00436882
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of a Magnaporthe grisea locus affecting rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar specificity (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 901-908 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice blast ; Magnaporthe grisea Pathogenicity ; Genetic map ; Avirulence gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Magnaporthe grisea causes rice blast, the most important fungal disease of rice. The segregation of genes controlling virulence of M. grisea on rice was studied to establish the genetic basis of cultivar specificity in this host-parasite interaction. Full-sib progeny and parent isolates Guy11 and 2539 of M. grisea were inoculated onto rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar ‘CO39’ and five near-isogenic lines (NILs) of CO39. Each NIL contained a different single gene affecting resistance to specific isolates of M. grisea. No differential interactions between NILs and progeny or parents were observed; parents and progeny pathogenic on CO39 were pathogenic on all five NILs. Segregation ratios of 101 full-sib progeny, 117 progeny from full-sib parents, and 109 backcross progeny, indicated a common single gene affecting pathogenicity on CO39 and the five NILs. A subset of the above 327 isolates (43 fullsib progeny, 37 progeny from full-sib parents, and 32 backcross progeny) were inoculated onto rice cultivar ‘51583’; all were pathogenic, indicating that cultivar specificity to CO39 was segregating in this population of isolates. The locus controlling cultivar specificity, named avrCO39, was mapped to chromosome 1 using a subset of the progeny previously used to construct an RFLP map of M. grisea. The closest reported RFLP markers were 11.8 (estimated 260 kb) and 17.2 cM (estimated 380 kb) away and provide starting points on either side of the locus for a “chromosome walk” to clone the locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220794
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome organization of Magnaporthe grisea: genetic map, electrophoretic karyotype, and occurrence of repeated DNAs (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 545-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice blast ; RFLP ; Retrotransposon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic map of Magnaporthe grisea (anamorph=Pyricularia oryzae and P. grisea), the causal agent of rice blast disease, was generated from segregation data utilizing 97 RFLP markers, two isoenzyme loci and the mating type locus among progeny of a cross between parental strains Guy 11 and 2539. Of the seven chromosomes of M. Grisea, three were resolved by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoresis, while the remaining four migrated as two doublet bands. By utilizing differences between CHEF mobilities of unresolved chromosomes from the parental strains, Southern analysis with selected markers allowed the chromosomal assignment of all linkage groups. A small translocation involving 1 marker was found in the parental strains used to produce the segregating population from which the map was constructed. Nine classes of repetitive DNA elements were found in the genome of a fungal isolate pathogenic to rice. These occurred only a few times or not at all in the genomes of isolates showing reduced virulence on rice. One repetitive DNA was shown to have structural similarity to the Alu sequences found in primates, a sequence similarity to the copia-like elements of Drosophila, and peptide similarity to transposable elements found in Drosophila, other fungi, and higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221877
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pot2, an inverted repeat transposon from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 245 (1994), S. 339-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Rice blast ; Repetitive DNA Transposable element
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report the cloning and characterisation of Pot2, a putative transposable element from Magnaporthe grisea. The element is 1857 by in size, has 43-bp perfect terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) and 16-bp direct repeats within the TIRs. A large open reading frame, potentially coding for a transposase-like protein, was identified. This putative protein coding region showed extensive identity to that of Fott, a transposable element from another phytopathogenic fungus, Fusarium oxysporum. Pot2, like the transposable elements Tc1 and Mariner of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila, respectively, duplicates the dinucleotide TA at the target insertion site. Sequence analysis of DNA flanking 12 Pot2 elements revealed similarity to the consensus insertion sequence of Tct. Pot2 is present at a copy number of approximately 100 per haploid genome and represents one of the major repetitive DNAs shared by both rice and non-rice pathogens of M. grisea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290114
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome organization of Magnaporthe grisea: integration of genetic maps, clustering of transposable elements and identification of genome duplications and rearrangements (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 20-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice blast ; Linkage map ; Pyricularia grisea ; RFLP ; MAGGY ; Molecular map
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A high-density genetic map of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea (Guy11×2539) was constructed by adding 87 cosmid-derived RFLP markers to previously generated maps. The new map consists of 203 markers representing 132 independently segregating loci and spans approximately 900 cM with an average resolution of 4.5 cM. Mapping of 33 cosmid probes from the genetic map generated by Sweigard et al. has allowed the integration of two M. grisea maps. The integrated map showed that the linear order of markers along all seven chromosomes in both maps is in good agreement. Thirty of eighty seven markers were derived from cosmid clones that contained the retrotransposon MAGGY (M. grisea gypsy element). Mapping of single-copy DNA sequences associated with the MAGGY cosmids indicated that MAGGY elements are scattered throughout the fungal genome. In eight cases, the probes associated with MAGGY elements showed abnormal segregation patterns. This suggests that MAGGY may be involved in genomic rearrangements. Two RFLP probes linked to MAGGY elements, and another flanking other repetitive DNA elements, identified sequences that were duplicated in the Guy11 genome. Most of the MAGGY cosmids also contained other classes of repetitive DNA suggesting that repetitive DNA sequences tend to cluster in the M. grisea genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050528
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAGGY, a retrotransposon in the genome of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 665-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Magnaporthe grisea ; Rice blast ; Repetitive DNA ; Retrotransposon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Full-length copies of a previously described repetitive DNA sequence (CH2-8) were isolated from the genome of the Magnaporthe grisea strain 2539. One copy of the complete element was sequenced and found to resemble a gypsy-like LTR retrotransposon. We named this element MAGGY (MAGnaporthe GYpsy-like element). MAGGY contains two internal ORFs putatively encoding Gag, Pol and Env-like proteins which are similar to peptides encoded by retroelements identified in other filamentous fungi. MAGGY was found to be widely distributed among M. grisea isolates from geographically dispersed locations and different hosts. It was present in high copy number in the genomes of all nine rice-pathogenic isolates examined. By contrast, M. grisea strains isolated from other Gramineae were found to possess varying copy numbers of MAGGY and in some cases the element was completely absent. The wide distribution of MAGGY suggests that this element invaded the genome of M. grisea prior to the evolution of rice-specific form(s). It may since have been horizontally transmitted to other sub-specific groups. One copy of MAGGY, corresponding to the element we sequenced, was located at identical locations in the genomes of geographically dispersed strains, suggesting that this copy of the element is a relatively ancient insertion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174115
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