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  • 1
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    Baroclinic Instability of Nonzonal Flows and Bottom Slope Effects on the Propagation of the Most Unstable Wave (2018)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: A linear, two-layer potential vorticity (PV) equation model on the β plane is employed to study the baroclinic instability of nonzonal basic currents flowing over a uniform bottom slope. Criteria for the instability, phase speed, and growth rate of unstable waves are all given as functions of the basic shear velocity, β, and bottom slope. The study suggests two kinds of long wave cutoff, one induced by the slope and the other by β; the first one exists in all directions, while the second requires at least a slight deviation of the wave vector from the meridians. Subtle differences between configurations of the PV gradient lead to completely different characteristics of unstable perturbations, such as propagation and scale. In the case of a positive slope (the bottom slope in the same direction as the isopycnal tilt), the fastest-growing wave is capable of propagating across the basic flow streamlines. By contrast, in the case of a negative slope (the bottom slope opposed to the isopycnal tilt), the most unstable wave always propagates along the streamlines. In addition, the spatial scale of the most unstable mode can be heavily reduced by a negative slope.
    Print ISSN: 0022-3670
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-0485
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Meteorological Society
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  • 2
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    Origin and Fate of the Chukchi Slope Current Using a Numerical Model and In‐Situ Data (2021)
    American Geophysical Union
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-01
    Print ISSN: 2169-9275
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9291
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 3
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    Temporal evolution of a geostrophic current under sea ice: analytical and numerical solutions (2022)
    American Meteorological Society
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2022. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 52(6),(2022): 1191-1204, https://doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-21-0242.1.
    Description: A simplified quasigeostrophic (QG) analytical model together with an idealized numerical model are used to study the effect of uneven ice–ocean stress on the temporal evolution of the geostrophic current under sea ice. The tendency of the geostrophic velocity in the QG model is given as a function of the lateral gradient of vertical velocity and is further related to the ice–ocean stress with consideration of a surface boundary layer. Combining the analytical and numerical solutions, we demonstrate that the uneven stress between the ice and an initially surface-intensified, laterally sheared geostrophic current can drive an overturning circulation to trigger the displacement of isopycnals and modify the vertical structure of the geostrophic velocity. When the near-surface isopycnals become tilted in the opposite direction to the deeper ones, a subsurface velocity core is generated (via geostrophic setup). This mechanism should help understand the formation of subsurface currents in the edge of Chukchi and Beaufort Seas seen in observations. Furthermore, our solutions reveal a reversed flow extending from the bottom to the middepth, suggesting that the ice-induced overturning circulation potentially influences the currents in the deep layers of the Arctic Ocean, such as the Atlantic Water boundary current.
    Description: This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant 2017YFA0604600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41676019), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2019B81214), the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant KYCX19_0384), and the National Science Foundation (MAS, Grants OPP-1822334, OCE-2122633).
    Keywords: Arctic ; Sea ice ; Channel flows ; Vertical motion ; Ekman pumping ; Idealized models ; Quasigeostrophic models
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Origin and fate of the Chukchi Slope Current using a numerical model and in-situ data (2021)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2021. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 126(5), (2021): e2021JC017291, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017291.
    Description: A regional coupled sea ice-ocean model and mooring/shipboard measurements are used to investigate the origins, seasonality, and downstream fate of the Chukchi Slope Current (CSC). Three years (2013–2015) of model integration indicates that, in the mean, the model slope current transports ∼0.45 Sv of Pacific water northwestward along the Chukchi continental slope. Only 62% of this water emanates from Barrow Canyon, while the rest (38%) is fed by a westward jet extending from the southern Beaufort Sea. The jet merges with the outflow from the canyon, forming the CSC. Due to these two distinct origins, the slope current in the model has a double velocity core at times. This is consistent with the double-core structure of the slope current seen in ship-based observations. Seasonal changes in the volume, heat, and freshwater transports by the slope current appear to be related to the changes in the upstream flows. A tracer diagnostic in the model suggests that the part of the slope current over the upper continental slope continues westward toward the East Siberian Sea, while the portion of the current overlying deeper isobaths flows northward into the Chukchi Borderland, where it ultimately gets entrained into the Beaufort Gyre. Our study provides a detailed and complete picture of the slope current.
    Description: This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant 2017YFA0604600), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2019B81214), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41676019), the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant KYCX19_0384), the National Science Foundation (Grants OPP-1822334, PLR-1504333 and OPP-1733564), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant NA14OAR4320158). H. Leng was also supported by the scholarship from China Scholarship Council (Grant 201906710152). The authors thank the two reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.
    Description: 2021-10-29
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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