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  • 1
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Actinomycetes ; Recombinant DNA ; Streptomyces ; symbiosis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science Letters 29 (1983), S. 9-17 
    ISSN: 0304-4211
    Keywords: Actinorhizae ; Alnus glutinosa ; Frankia ; Micropropagation ; Nitrogen fixation ; Tissue culture
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 70 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using cell suspensions, a method was elaborated to isolate high-molecular-weight genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; 65 MDa or more) from members of the Betulaceae: Alnus incana (L.) Moench, Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Betula papyrifera Marsh. The method was also effective for isolation of DNA from callus cells. Based on the chemical lysis of protoplasts, this procedure yielded 130 μg (callus) to 250 μg (cell suspension) of DNA (g fresh cells)−1, with a ratio A200/A28 of 1.7–2.0. The purified DNA obtained, formed distinct bands when restricted fragments were electrophoresed. Among the 10 endonucleases used for restriction analysis of Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incana and Betula papyrifera genomes, PvuI1 (EC 3.1.23.33) was unique in giving identical patterns for the two Ainus species. An unusual pattern occurred when Al-2 DNA was restricted with Ava II (EC 3.1.23.4). It formed a ladder with a repeating fragment unit of 181 base pairs long. With the enzymes tested, no differences in restriction patterns were observed among clones of Alnus incana (AI-2 vs AI-2), Betula papyrifera (BP-4 vs BP-8) and subclones of Ainus glutinosa AG-1 (PLFJ709 vs LF1709), suggesting genetic stability of the Betulaceae cultures.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 70 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Polypeptide patterns of soluble proteins from 35 Frankia strains from different plants of various geographical origins, belonging to Alnus and Elaeagnus host-specificity groups were determined by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The polypeptide pattern was qualitatively the same for each strain whatever the number of subcultures or the age. Two gel electrophoresis groups A and E were observed which matched with the Alnus and Elaeagnus host-specificity groups, but with some exceptions. The polypeptide patterns of the 35 Frankia strains tested were separated into 13 gel electrophoresis subgroups. Five Frankia strains were inoculated separately or in 3 mixed combinations of 2 strains on Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. plants. The polypeptide patterns of the re-isolates obtained from 5-month-old nodules were identical to the corresponding strains used initially in the inoculum. Dual infection was observed on single plantlets.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 70 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Germinated seeds from 11 populations of green alder [Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh] sampled in four Canadian provinces were analysed for electrophoretically demonstrable diversity of 10 enzymes encoded by 15 structural loci. Of these, nine were polymorphic, and on average, 52% of the loci per population were polymorphic. Assuming a diploid model of expression, average level of expected heterozygosity was 0.11 with nearly all populations in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the set of polymorphic loci analysed. No significant inbreeding and associated subpopulation structuring were noted. Rates of gene flow appeared high within and among populations. Although little divergence was observed among populations, genetic and geographical distances between populations were related. Discriminant and cluster analyses revealed a pattern of genetic variation associated with geography. Populations from northern Quebec were poorly differentiated, whereas western populations from Alberta exhibited a larger degree of genetic differentiation. Introgresive hybridization with the sympatric species Alnus sinuata (Regel) Rydberg and partial isolation in the West are suggested as an explanation for this larger differentiation. The occurrence and significance of rare alleles is discussed in relation to the importance of geographical distance in the process of population differentiation in this species.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 51 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Actinorhizae were synthetized on in vitro propagated Elaeagnus angustifolia L. clonal plantlets, by inoculation with combinations of pure cultures of three effective Frankia strains and an ineffective one. Using the OsO4 isolation method, 774 nodule fragments from 79 plantlets were treated and 152 Frankia reisolates were obtained. The soluble protein patterns of 121 reisolates were analyzed by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE, which permitted their positive identification. The protein patterns of all reisolates obtained from plants inoculated with a single strain were indistinguishable from those of the original strain. In six different dual strain inoculations, only one of the two Frankia strains could be reisolated. Thus, some Frankia strains appeared to be more competitive than others toward the Elaeagnus root system.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 331-334 
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Ceratocystis fimbriata ; Linear plasmid ; Terminal protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A linear DNA plasmid, designated pCF637, was isolated from the fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst. strain CF637. It has an apparent molecular weight of 5.3 × 106 daltons (8.2 kb). A restriction pattern of pCF637 using the enzymes AvaI, EcoRV and HpaII, was done. That pCF637 was sensitive to exonuclease III, but resistant to λ-exonuclease, suggest that there might be a protein associated with the 5′ termini. The blocking action of the protein on λ-exonuclease was not eliminated by treatment with either pronase or proteinase K. The plasmid was also checked for homology with pFQ501, a linear plasmid found in strain CF560 of Ceratocystis fimbriata. By Southern hybridization under moderate stringency conditions, no homology was detected. The approximate copy number of the plasmid was estimated to be about 20–30 copies per cell by scanning, with a laser densitometer, a gel electrophoretic PolaroidTM negative. No function is known for these plasmids.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 41 (1985), S. 211-216 
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Alnus incana ; alder ; callus ; protoplast ; suspension ; tissue culture
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 105 (1975), S. 87-94 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrogen Fixation ; Root Nodule ; Endophyte ; Alder ; Alnus ; SEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen-fixing root nodules of the Alnus crispa var. mollis Fern. were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The critical point drying of glutaraldehyde-osmium fixed nodular tissue permitted an excellent morphological preservation of the three-dimensional structures of the host and endophyte cells. The nodule endophyte was observed as two forms: the hypha which can be branched, and the vesicle which developed at the parental hypha tip. The actinomycetal endophyte penetrated through the host cortical cell wall and became enveloped by a membrane. This enclosing membrane is suggested to be the invaginated host plasmalemma. Perforations of the cell wall of the host infected cell were observed. These perforations are suggested to be the result of an enzymatic degradation process, probably regulated by the penetrating endophyte hyphae. In addition to the polymorphic endophyte, endogenous bacterial contaminants were observed in the nodular tissue. The present SEM study confirms previous light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies of the same species of root nodule symbiosis.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 263-267 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodule ; Endophyte vesicle ; Alder ; Alnus ; Freeze-etching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen-fixing root nodules of Alnus crispa var. mollis Fern. were studied by transmission electron microscopy and by freeze-etching technique. Ultrathin sectioning of septate vesicles of the actinomycetal endophyte showed an electron transparent zone, the so-called “void area”, between the vesicle cell wall and its encapsulation material. This void area was not observed in the freeze-etching replicas of cryoprotected nodular tissue. It is suggested that the void area is the result of the coming-off of the vesicle cell wall from the capsule and that its formation reflects difficulty in fixing the voluminous mature vesicle of the root nodule endophyte.
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