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  • 1
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    The genesis of Yedoma Ice Complex permafrost – grain-size endmember modeling analysis from Siberia and Alaska (2020)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-25
    Description: The late Pleistocene Yedoma Ice Complex is an ice-rich and organic-bearing type of permafrost deposit widely distributed across Beringia and is assumed to be especially prone to deep degradation with warming temperature, which is a potential tipping point of the climate system. To better understand Yedoma formation, its local characteristics, and its regional sedimentological composition, we compiled the grain-size distributions (GSDs) of 771 samples from 23 Yedoma locations across the Arctic; samples from sites located close together were pooled to form 17 study sites. In addition, we studied 160 samples from three non-Yedoma ice-wedge polygon and floodplain sites for the comparison of Yedoma samples with Holocene depositional environments. The multimodal GSDs indicate that a variety of sediment production, transport, and depositional processes were involved in Yedoma formation. To disentangle these processes, a robust endmember modeling analysis (rEMMA) was performed. Nine robust grain-size endmembers (rEMs) characterize Yedoma deposits across Beringia. The study sites of Yedoma deposits were finally classified using cluster analysis. The resulting four clusters consisted of two to five sites that are distributed randomly across northeastern Siberia and Alaska, suggesting that the differences are associated with rather local conditions. In contrast to prior studies suggesting a largely aeolian contribution to Yedoma sedimentation, the wide range of rEMs indicates that aeolian sedimentation processes cannot explain the entire variability found in GSDs of Yedoma deposits. Instead, Yedoma sedimentation is controlled by local conditions such as source rocks and weathering processes, nearby paleotopography, and diverse sediment transport processes. Our findings support the hypothesis of a polygenetic Yedoma origin involving alluvial, fluvial, and niveo-aeolian transport; accumulation in ponding waters; and in situ frost weathering as well as postdepositional processes of solifluction, cryoturbation, and pedogenesis. The characteristic rEM composition of the Yedoma clusters will help to improve how grain-size-dependent parameters in permafrost models and soil carbon budgets are considered. Our results show the characteristic properties of ice-rich Yedoma deposits in the terrestrial Arctic. Characterizing and quantifying site-specific past depositional processes is crucial for elucidating and understanding the trajectories of this unique kind of ice-rich permafrost in a warmer future.
    Print ISSN: 0424-7116
    Electronic ISSN: 2199-9090
    Topics: Geosciences , History
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of Deutsche Quartärvereinigung.
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  • 2
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    Fast response of cold ice-rich permafrost in northeast Siberia to a warming climate (2020)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-04
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
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    Circum-Arctic Map of the Yedoma Permafrost Domain (2021)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-28
    Description: Ice-rich permafrost in the circum-Arctic and sub-Arctic (hereafter pan-Arctic), such as late Pleistocene Yedoma, are especially prone to degradation due to climate change or human activity. When Yedoma deposits thaw, large amounts of frozen organic matter and biogeochemically relevant elements return into current biogeochemical cycles. This mobilization of elements has local and global implications: increased thaw in thermokarst or thermal erosion settings enhances greenhouse gas fluxes from permafrost regions. In addition, this ice-rich ground is of special concern for infrastructure stability as the terrain surface settles along with thawing. Finally, understanding the distribution of the Yedoma domain area provides a window into the Pleistocene past and allows reconstruction of Ice Age environmental conditions and past mammoth-steppe landscapes. Therefore, a detailed assessment of the current pan-Arctic Yedoma coverage is of importance to estimate its potential contribution to permafrost-climate feedbacks, assess infrastructure vulnerabilities, and understand past environmental and permafrost dynamics. Building on previous mapping efforts, the objective of this paper is to compile the first digital pan-Arctic Yedoma map and spatial database of Yedoma coverage. Therefore, we 1) synthesized, analyzed, and digitized geological and stratigraphical maps allowing identification of Yedoma occurrence at all available scales, and 2) compiled field data and expert knowledge for creating Yedoma map confidence classes. We used GIS-techniques to vectorize maps and harmonize site information based on expert knowledge. We included a range of attributes for Yedoma areas based on lithological and stratigraphic information from the source maps and assigned three different confidence levels of the presence of Yedoma (confirmed, likely, or uncertain). Using a spatial buffer of 20 km around mapped Yedoma occurrences, we derived an extent of the Yedoma domain. Our result is a vector-based map of the current pan-Arctic Yedoma domain that covers approximately 2,587,000 km2, whereas Yedoma deposits are found within 480,000 km2 of this region. We estimate that 35% of the total Yedoma area today is located in the tundra zone, and 65% in the taiga zone. With this Yedoma mapping, we outlined the substantial spatial extent of late Pleistocene Yedoma deposits and created a unique pan-Arctic dataset including confidence estimates.
    Electronic ISSN: 2296-6463
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Frontiers Media
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  • 4
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    Submarine Permafrost Map (SuPerMAP), modeled with CryoGrid 2, Circum-Arctic (2020)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Overduin, Pier Paul; Schneider von Deimling, Thomas; Miesner, Frederieke; Grigoriev, Mikhail N; Ruppel, Carolyn D; Vasiliev, Alexander A; Lantuit, Hugues; Juhls, Bennet; Westermann, Sebastian (2019): Submarine Permafrost Map in the Arctic Modeled Using 1‐D Transient Heat Flux (SuPerMAP). Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124(6), 3490-3507, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014675
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: This data set contains a first‐order estimate of distribution, thickness and ice-content of submarine permafrost on the Arctic shelf based on a numerical heat transfer model. Our model uses dynamic upper boundary conditions that synthesize Earth System Model air temperature, ice mass distribution and thickness, and global sea level reconstruction and applies globally distributed geothermal heat flux as a lower boundary condition. Sea level reconstruction accounts for differences between marine and terrestrial sedimentation history. Sediment composition and pore water salinity are integrated in the model. Model runs for 450 ka for cross‐shelf transects were used to initialize the model for circumarctic modeling for the past 50 ka.This data set consists of current sea levels, and permafrost depth [m below sea floor(m bsf)], total ice-content [m³ / m²] and enthalpy [MJ / m²] at times 50ka, 25ka and 0a before industrialization for 15892 locations on the Arctic shelf. Additionally zonations for permafrost depth and ice-content are given as layer files. Based on the undertaken sensitivity studies zones with 〈100m permafrost are uncertain, zones with 100-300m are probable, and zones with 〉300m are confident.
    Keywords: Arctic; AWI_PerDyn; Cryosphere; Enthalpy; File format; File name; File size; MULT; Multiple investigations; NUNATARYUK; NUNATARYUK, Permafrost thaw and the changing Arctic coast, science for socioeconomic adaptation; Permafrost; Permafrost Depth; Permafrost Research (Periglacial Dynamics) @ AWI; sea level; Submarine Permafrost; Total Ice Content; trans-Arctic; Uniform resource locator/link to file; Water Depth
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16 data points
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  • 5
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    Geochemical, lithological, and geochronological characteristics of sediment samples from thermokarst deposits in Siberia and Alaska 1998-2016 (2020)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Keywords: Age, dated; Age, error; Age, radiocarbon; Alaskan North Slope; AWI_Perma; Carbon, organic, total; Central Laptev Sea; climate feedbacks; Density, bulk, permafrost; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dmitry Laptev Strait; Event label; Greenhouse gas source; Height above sea level; Ice content, intrasedimentary ice; Identification; IPA Action Group: The Yedoma Region; Kolyma Lowland; Late Pleistocene; Latitude of event; Lena Delta; Longitude of event; MULT; Multiple investigations; New Siberian Achipelago; Permafrost; Permafrost Research; PETA-CARB; PETA-CARB_ID1; PETA-CARB_ID14; PETA-CARB_ID15; PETA-CARB_ID17; PETA-CARB_ID18; PETA-CARB_ID19; PETA-CARB_ID22; PETA-CARB_ID4; PETA-CARB_ID6; PETA-CARB_ID8; PETA-CARB_ID9; Rapid Permafrost Thaw in a Warming Arctic and Impacts on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool; Sample code/label; Seward Peninsula; thermokarst; Western Laptev Sea; Yedoma; Yedoma_Region; δ13C
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1553 data points
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  • 6
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    Geochemical, lithological, and geochronological characteristics of sediment samples from Yedoma and thermokarst deposit sites in Siberia and Alaska 1998-2016 (2020)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Keywords: Alaska; Alaskan North Slope; Area/locality; AWI_Perma; Beaufort Sea; Central Laptev Sea; climate feedbacks; Coverage; Density, bulk, permafrost; Dmitry Laptev Strait; Event label; Greenhouse gas source; Identification; IPA Action Group: The Yedoma Region; Kolyma Lowland; Late Pleistocene; LATITUDE; Layer thickness; Lena Delta; LONGITUDE; MULT; Multiple investigations; New Siberian Achipelago; Permafrost; Permafrost Research; PETA-CARB; PETA-CARB_ID1; PETA-CARB_ID10; PETA-CARB_ID11; PETA-CARB_ID12; PETA-CARB_ID13; PETA-CARB_ID14; PETA-CARB_ID15; PETA-CARB_ID16; PETA-CARB_ID17; PETA-CARB_ID18; PETA-CARB_ID19; PETA-CARB_ID2; PETA-CARB_ID20; PETA-CARB_ID21; PETA-CARB_ID22; PETA-CARB_ID23; PETA-CARB_ID24; PETA-CARB_ID25; PETA-CARB_ID26; PETA-CARB_ID27; PETA-CARB_ID3; PETA-CARB_ID4; PETA-CARB_ID5; PETA-CARB_ID6; PETA-CARB_ID7; PETA-CARB_ID8; PETA-CARB_ID9; Rapid Permafrost Thaw in a Warming Arctic and Impacts on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool; Sample amount; Seward Peninsula; Site; thermokarst; Western Laptev Sea; Yedoma; Yedoma_Region
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 193 data points
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  • 7
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    Geochemical, lithological, and geochronological characteristics of sediment samples from Yedoma deposits in Siberia and Alaska 1998-2016 (2020)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute - Research Unit Potsdam
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Keywords: Age, dated; Age, error; Age, radiocarbon; Alaska; Alaskan North Slope; AWI_Perma; Beaufort Sea; Carbon, organic, total; Central Laptev Sea; climate feedbacks; Density, bulk, permafrost; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dmitry Laptev Strait; Event label; Greenhouse gas source; Height above sea level; Ice content, intrasedimentary ice; Ice wedge content; Identification; IPA Action Group: The Yedoma Region; Kolyma Lowland; Late Pleistocene; Latitude of event; Lena Delta; Longitude of event; MULT; Multiple investigations; New Siberian Achipelago; Permafrost; Permafrost Research; PETA-CARB; PETA-CARB_ID1; PETA-CARB_ID10; PETA-CARB_ID11; PETA-CARB_ID12; PETA-CARB_ID13; PETA-CARB_ID14; PETA-CARB_ID15; PETA-CARB_ID16; PETA-CARB_ID17; PETA-CARB_ID2; PETA-CARB_ID20; PETA-CARB_ID21; PETA-CARB_ID22; PETA-CARB_ID23; PETA-CARB_ID24; PETA-CARB_ID25; PETA-CARB_ID26; PETA-CARB_ID27; PETA-CARB_ID3; PETA-CARB_ID4; PETA-CARB_ID5; PETA-CARB_ID6; PETA-CARB_ID7; PETA-CARB_ID8; PETA-CARB_ID9; Rapid Permafrost Thaw in a Warming Arctic and Impacts on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool; Sample code/label; thermokarst; Western Laptev Sea; Yedoma; Yedoma_Region; δ13C
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5074 data points
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  • 8
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    Spatial extent of thermokarst lagoons along pan-Arctic coasts - an upscaling approach (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Along the ice rich pan-Arctic permafrost coasts thermokarst lagoons are a common landscape feature. These lagoons form when thermokarst lakes are inundated permanently or intermittently by the sea. This is the first estimation of the area of pan-Arctic thermokarst lagoons based on the mapping of 79 lagoons in 5 representative arctic regions: Mackenzie Delta (CA), Theshekpuk Lake coast (USA), Baldwin Peninsula (USA), Tiksi coast (RU), Lena Delta (RU). The extent of each of the lagoons was determined using the Global Surface Water dataset which is based on Landsat-5, -7, and -8 satellite images from 1984 to 2018 at 30m resolution (Pekel et al., 2016). Water bodies were defined by a water occurrence threshold of 〉75% over this time period. The raster dataset was vectorized and smaller geometric errors, which occurred during vectorization, were solved with the Fix Geometry function in QGIS3.6. The lagoon polygons were selected manually and these water bodies were split from the ocean by using the function “split by line”. The calculation of the polygon area is based on the re-projection in EPSG:32608, EPSG:26905, EPSG:32604, EPSG:32652 for Mackenzie Delta, Teshekpuk Lake coast, Baldwin Peninsula, Tiksi and Lena Delta coast respectively. The lagoon selection is based on the published dataset https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.934158. The dataset consists of a polygon shape file for the 79 extracted thermokarst lagoons, a point shape file with coordinates for all lagoons and a data sheet.
    Keywords: Arctic_lagoons_1984-2018; Arctic lagoons; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); CACOON; Carbon in Permafrost / Kohlenstoff im Permafrost; Changing Arctic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore; distribution; File content; KoPF; lagoon area; Permafrost; PETA-CARB; Rapid Permafrost Thaw in a Warming Arctic and Impacts on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool; Satellite imagery; SATI; size
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6 data points
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  • 9
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    Database of Ice-Rich Yedoma Permafrost Version 2 (IRYP v2) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: Ice-rich permafrost in the circum-Arctic and sub-Arctic, such as late Pleistocene Yedoma, are especially prone to degradation due to climate change or human activity. When Yedoma deposits thaw, large amounts of frozen organic matter and biogeochemically relevant elements return into current biogeochemical cycles. Building on previous mapping efforts, the objective of this paper is to compile the first digital pan-Arctic Yedoma map and spatial database of Yedoma coverage. Therefore, we 1) synthesized, analyzed, and digitized geological and stratigraphical maps allowing identification of Yedoma occurrence at all available scales, and 2) compiled field data and expert knowledge for creating Yedoma map confidence classes. We used GIS-techniques to vectorize maps and harmonize site information based on expert knowledge. Hence, here we synthesize data on the circum-Arctic and sub-Arctic distribution and thickness of Yedoma for compiling a preliminary circum-polar Yedoma map. To harmonize the different datasets and to avoid merging artifacts, we applied map edge cleaning while merging data from different database layers. For the digitalization and spatial integration, we used Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Version: 13.0 x64), Adobe Illustrator CS6 (Version 16.0.3 x64), Avenza MAPublisher 9.5.4 (Illustrator Plug-In) and ESRI ArcGIS 10.6.1 for Desktop (Advanced License). Generally, we followed workflow of figure 2 of the related publication (IRYP Version 2, Strauss et al 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.758360). We included a range of attributes for Yedoma areas based on lithological and stratigraphic information from the source maps and assigned three different confidence levels of the presence of Yedoma (confirmed, likely, or uncertain). Using a spatial buffer of 20 km around mapped Yedoma occurrences, we derived an extent of the Yedoma domain. Our result is a vector-based map of the current pan-Arctic Yedoma domain that covers approximately 2,587,000 km², whereas Yedoma deposits are found within 480,000 km² of this region. We estimate that 35% of the total Yedoma area today is located in the tundra zone, and 65% in the taiga zone. With this Yedoma mapping, we outlined the substantial spatial extent of late Pleistocene Yedoma deposits and created a unique pan-Arctic dataset including confidence estimates.
    Keywords: Alaska North Slope; Aldan River outcrop Mamontova Gora; Allaikha_Yedoma; Arctic Ocean; Area/locality; AWI_Perma; Ayon; base of ice complex; Batagai_2014; Batagai_Kunitsky_2010; Batagay, Yakutia; Beaver_Creek; Belkovsky; Binary Object; BLOSSOM; Blossom Cape; Bolshoy_Lyakhovsky_Island_1999; Bolshoy Lyakhovsky Island, NE Siberia; Buor_Khaya_2010; Buor Khaya; Bykovsky_Peninsula; Cape_Anisii_Kotelnii_Island_2002; Cape_Maly_Chukochy; Cape Mamontov Klyk, Laptev Sea; Central_Yakutia; Central Yakutia; Chukotka, Russia; climate feedbacks; Coast_of_the_East-Siberian_Sea; Col-3_Colville_River_2009; Col-5_Colville_River_2009a; Col-5_Colville_River_2009b; Comment; CRREL; DATE/TIME; Dresvyanyi_Island; Duvanny_Yar; Duvanny_Yar_2008; Duvanny_Yar_2009; Duvannyi_Yar; Duvanny Yar, Yakutia; East Siberian Sea; Elgene_Kyuele_2010a; Elgene_Kyuele_2010b; Event label; File format; File name; File type; Geological profile sampling; GEOPRO; Great_Khomus_River; Greenhouse gas source; Identification; Investigator; IPA_Yedoma_Action_Group; Itkillik_River; Itkillik_River_2012a; Itkillik_River_2012b; Itkillik River Outcrop, Alaskan North Slope; Khaptashin_Yar; Khardang; Kitluk_River_Seward_Peninsula_2010; Klondike_area; Kolyma Lowland, NE Siberia; Konstantinovskoye; Kotelnii Island, NE Siberia; Kurugnakh_2002; Kurugnakh_2008; Kurungnakh; Kurungnakh_Island_Lena-Delta_2005; Kurungnakh Island, Lena Delta, Siberia; Kychchyma; KYT; Kytalyk; Kytalyk, Indigirka lowlands, Siberia; Lake El'gene Kyuele, central Siberian Plateau; Late Pleistocene; LATITUDE; Lena-Amga_Rivers; Lena-Anabar Lowland, NE Siberia; Lena Delta, NE Siberia; Lena Delta, Siberia, Russia; Lesser_Chaun_Strait; LONGITUDE; Maly_Lyakhovsky_Island; Mamontov_Klyk_2011; Mamontova_Gora_2001; Mamontovy_Gora_Aldan_River_2001; Mamontovy_Khayata; Mamontovy_Klyk_2003; Molotlovskiy_Kamen; MULT; Multiple investigations; Muostakh_2012; Muostakh Island, Laptev Sea; Mys_Chukochi_2009a; Mys_Chukochi_2009b; N_Yakutia; Nagym; Nagym_Lena; Northern_Bykovsky_Peninsula_2014; Northern_Seward_Peninsula; NW Chukotka; Old_Allaikha; Oyagoss_Yar_2002; Palisades; Permafrost; Permafrost Research; PETA-CARB; Plakhino; Rapid Permafrost Thaw in a Warming Arctic and Impacts on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool; Rauchua_river_bank_2011; Rauhua_River; Russkoe; Sakha Republic, Russia; Seward Peninsula, Alaska; Sobo_Sise_2014; Sobo_Sise_Lena-Delta_2014; Sobo-Sise_Cliff; Sobo Sise Island, Lena Delta; SSC; Stolboboy_Island_2002; Stolbovoy Island, NE Siberia; Syrdakh_1976; Syrdakh, Central Yakutia; Tabaga_2013a; Tabaga_2013b; Tabaga, Central Yakutia; Tanda; thermokarst; The Yedoma Region: A Synthesis of Circum-Arctic Distribution and Thickness; Tube_Dispenser_Lake_Cherskii_2007; Tyungyulyu_alas; Ust_Rauchua_coast_2014; Uste-Omolon_Yar; Vankina_River_mouth; Vault_Creek_Tunnel; Vilyui_River; Yana-Indigirka Lowland, NE Siberia; Yedoma; Yedoma_IRYP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1124 data points
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  • 10
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    Dataset of a globally relevant stock of soil nitrogen in the Yedoma permafrost domain (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: This dataset merges nitrogen data from the Yedoma domain. It includes numerous fieldwork campaigns, which take place since 1998. In total 467 samples from the active layer (seasonally thawed layer), 175 samples from perennially frozen Holocene cover deposits, 479 samples from thermokarst deposits in drained thermokarst, 175 in-situ thawed, diagenetically (anaerobic microbial decomposition possible during unfrozen phase) altered Yedoma deposits (called Taberite), and 917 samples from frozen Yedoma deposits are included. Moreover it includes a NH4+ and NO3- quantification basing on of 658 samples, including 378 data points for NH4+ (active layer, 93; Holocene cover, 108; thermokarst sediment, 138; Taberite, 0; Yedoma deposit, 39) and 542 data points for NO3- (active layer, 94; Holocene cover, 137; thermokarst sediment, 119; Taberite, 6; Yedoma deposit, 186). The bootstrapping code we adjusted for this study is available from Zenodo (Jongejans & Strauss, 2020, doi:10.5281/zenodo.3734247). The code is published under a GNU General Public License v3.0. The included areal estimation of the Yedoma domain was used from the IRYP database (Strauss et al., 2022, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.940078).
    Keywords: Arctic; AWI_Perma; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; climate feedbacks; Density, bulk, permafrost; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; ELEVATION; LATITUDE; Location; LONGITUDE; Nitrogen, total; nitrogen cycle; organic matter; Permafrost Research; permafrost thaw; Persistent Identifier; Reference/source; Sample ID; Sample number; Stratigraphy; Water (ice), segregated
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 22188 data points
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