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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(aryl ether-benzoxazoles) (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 23 (1990), S. 2854-2861 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00213a006
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imide-aryl ether phenylquinoxaline block copolymers (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 24 (1991), S. 4559-4566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00016a013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic differential dynamic programming for multi-reservoir system control (1998)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 12 (1998), S. 247-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Key words: Stochastic control ; dynamic programming ; reservoir systems ; hydrologic forecasting ; hydropower ; feedback control ; autoregressive models.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract : As with all dynamic programming formulations, differential dynamic programming (DDP) successfully exploits the sequential decision structure of multi-reservoir optimization problems, overcomes difficulties with the nonconvexity of energy production functions for hydropower systems, and provides optimal feedback release policies. DDP is particularly well suited to optimizing large-scale multi-reservoir systems due to its relative insensitivity to state-space dimensionality. This advantage of DDP encourages expansion of the state vector to include additional multi-lag hydrologic information and/or future inflow forecasts in developing optimal reservoir release policies. Unfortunately, attempts at extending DDP to the stochastic case have not been entirely successful. A modified stochastic DDP algorithm is presented which overcomes difficulties in previous formulations. Application of the algorithm to a four-reservoir hydropower system demonstrates its capabilities as an efficient approach to solving stochastic multi-reservoir optimization problems. The algorithm is also applied to a single reservoir problem with inclusion of multi-lag hydrologic information in the state vector. Results provide evidence of significant benefits in direct inclusion of expanded hydrologic state information in optimal feedback release policies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004770050020
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a new technique for obtaining axenic meat (1977)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1977), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A new technique for obtaining axenic meat is described. The procedure is based on the use of a liquid peracetic acid lock united with two isolators, permanently connected together. After immersion in a 3% solution of peracetic acid for 2 min, the surfaces of muscles obtained from pig, horse and cattle were shown to be completely decontaminated. Such meats appeared perfectly fit for gnotobiotic studies in the field of meat microbiology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01390672
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic ureas as solvents for poly(aryl ether) synthesis (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 30 (1993), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The synthesis of various poly(aryl ethers) and related small molecule compounds were examined using the cyclic urea 1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(IH)-pyrimidinone (N,N′-dimethylpropylene urea, DMPU) as the solvent. The results showed that generally higher molecular weight or yields were obtained under less stringent conditions, as compared to other common polymerization solvents. The enhancement was most notable for polymerizations involving aryl fluorides with a lower reactivity than conventionally activated dihalide monomers, e.g. ketones, sulfones. Poly(aryl ethers) displayed excellent solubility in DMPU, which was beneficial in the cases where more rigid heterocyclic-aryl ether polymers are formed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296230
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural modifications in imide-aryl ether phenylquinoxaline random copolymers (1992)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: rigid polyimides ; phenylquinoxaline containing diamines ; high Tg ; high elongations and moduli ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A rigid rod polyimide derived from biphenyldianhydride (BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA) was modified by the incorporation of diamines containing performed phenylquinoxaline and aryl ether linkages, and the morphology and mechanical properties of the resulting imide-aryl ether phenylquinoxaline copolymers were investigated. These phenylquinoxaline containing diamines, 1, 4-bis[6-(3-aminophenoxy)-3-phenyl-2-quinoxalinyl] benzene and 1, 4-bis[6-(4-aminophenoxy)-3-phenyl-2-quinoxalinyl] benzene, were prepared by a novel nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of 1,4-(6-fluoro-3-phenyl-2-quinoxalinyl) benzene with either 1, 3- or 1, 4-aminophenol in the presence of K2CO3, respectively. The diamines were utilized as co-monomers with BPDA and PDA to synthesize poly(amicacids.) Films were cast and cured (350°C) to effect imidization, affording films which showed high elongations and moduli. The copolymers with high phenylquinoxaline compositions displayed Tg's in the 300°C range, and the thermal stability of the copolymers was comparable to that of the parent polyimide. The copolymers also showed improved auto- or self-adhesion, particularly those which showed a Tg, allowing sufficient molecular motion for interdiffusion.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1992.080300113
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imide-aryl ether benzoxazole block copolymers (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 2255-2268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Imide-aryl ether benzoxazole multiblock copolymers were investigated. A key feature of these copolymers is the preparation of bis(amino) aryl ether benzoxazole (PBO) oligomers via nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The molecular weights of the oligomers were 10,500 and 26,000 g/mol with T'gs of 210 and 227°C, respectively. The oligomers were co-reacted with 4,4′-oxydianaline (ODA) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) diethyl ester diacyl chloride in a N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone/cyclohexanone solvent mixture in the presence of N-methylmorpholine. The resulting amic ethyl ester-aryl ether benzoxazoles were isolated and washed to remove homopolymer contamination. Copolymer compositions, determined by 1H-NMR, ranged from 7 to 54 wt% PBO and the measured compositions were close to those charged. Solutions of the copolymers were cast and cured (350°C) to effect imidization producing clear films. The films showed tough ductile mechanical properties (∼50% elongations) with moduli comparable to PMDA/ODA polyimide. The copolymers displayed good thermal stability with decompositions temperatures in excess of 450°C. Multiphase morphologies were observed irrespective of PBO block lengths or compositions. Good auto-adhension was achieved in the copolymers containing the high PBO compositions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1990.080280903
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(Aryl ether-phenylquinoxaline)s: Self-polymerization of an A - B monomer via quinoxaline-activated ether synthesisSince preparation of this article, a similar study has been reported; see Ref. 1. (1992)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 519-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polyether ; phenylquinoxaline ; poly(phenylquinoxaline) ; thermoplastic ; fluoro-displacement ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new A - B monomer, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-6-fluoroquinoxaline (1), which contains both a quinoxaline-activated fluoro group and a phenol group was prepared and it's self-polymerization studied. Compound 1 was prepared either by condensation of 3,4-diaminofluorobenzene with 4-hydroxybenzil, or condensation/demethylation with 4-methoxybenzil in a one pot procedure. The polymerization of 1 was carried out in NMP in the presence of potassium carbonate at 180-190°C, analogous to previous examples of quinoxaline-activated polyether synthesis. A new poly(aryl ether-phenylquinoxaline) (2) was synthesized by this procedure, which was processable from N-methylpyrrolidone, displayed a Tg of 255°C and a polymer decomposition temperature of 450°C. The mechanistic implications of quinoxaline activated fluoro-displacement using an A - B monomer are discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1992.080300401
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  • 9
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    Imide-aryl ether phenylquinoxaline block copolymers (1991)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-9297
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5835
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 10
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    Poly(aryl ether-benzoxazoles) (1990)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-9297
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5835
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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