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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-05-28
    Description: In the present study, we discuss the origin of two dominant deep levels (E42 and E262) observed in n -type Si, which is subjected to hydrogenation by wet chemical etching or a dc H-plasma treatment. Their activation enthalpies determined from Laplace deep level transient spectroscopy measurements are E C -0.06 eV (E42) and E C -0.51 eV (E262). The similar annealing behavior and identical depth profiles of E42 and E262 correlate them with two different charge states of the same defect. E262 is attributed to a single acceptor state due to the absence of the Poole-Frenkel effect and the lack of a capture barrier for electrons. The emission rate of E42 shows a characteristic enhancement with the electric field, which is consistent with the assignment to a double acceptor state. In samples with different carbon and hydrogen content, the depth profiles of E262 can be explained by a defect with one H-atom and one C-atom. From a comparison with earlier calculations [Andersen et al ., Phys. Rev. B 66 , 235205 (2002)], we attribute E42 to the double acceptor and E262 to the single acceptor state of the CH 1 AB configuration, where one H atom is directly bound to carbon in the anti-bonding position.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
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    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Publication Date: 2014-11-06
    Description: Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS) reveals three electrical levels of substitutional nickel in silicon at E C – 0.07 eV, E C – 0.45 eV, and E V  + 0.16 eV. A number of additional DLTS peaks are observed after hydrogenation of the samples. We identify different NiH x -complexes with x = 1, 2, and 3. NiH introduces a single acceptor and a single donor state at about E C – 0.17 eV and E V  + 0.49 eV into the band gap of silicon. NiH 2 and NiH 3 are shown to have a single acceptor state at E V  + 0.58 eV and E V  + 0.46 eV, respectively. In addition to the electrically active NiH x -complexes, a total passivation of the electrical activity of nickel by hydrogen is observed.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Combining deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), high-resolution Laplace DLTS, and minority carrier transient spectroscopy studies, we question the identification of the dominant Ti-related defects introducing deep levels (E40, E150, and H180) in n - and p -type Si. The observed results cannot unambiguously support the models previously reported for these defects. The presence of the Poole-Frenkel effect describing the enhancement of the emission rates of E40 as a function of electric field is not consistent with the previous assignment of this defect to the single acceptor, whereas the absence of the enhancement of the emission rate of E150 under different reverse bias applied to the diode does not confirm the previous attribution of this defect to the single donor in n -type Si. The attribution of H180 to the double donor is in good agreement with our results. In contrast, the identical depth profiles obtained for E40 and E150 in bulk of as-grown, hydrogenated and annealed samples cannot be explained by the assignment of these levels to different defects.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2015-02-26
    Description: Using high-resolution Laplace deep level transient spectroscopy studies, several TiH-related complexes (E40′, E170, E170′, and E260) were observed in wet-chemically etched and H-plasma treated n -type Si. We assign E40′ and E170 to two different configurations of Ti with one H atom. Both of them are shown to behave as single donor states with an activation enthalpy of E C − 0.07 eV (E40′) and E C − 0.34 eV (E170) in the upper half of Si. E170′ with an activation energy of E C − 0.37 eV is correlated with the donor state of the Ti i H 2 defect, whereas E260 is attributed to the donor state of Ti i H 3 . Besides the TiH defects, the presence of electrically inactive TiH 4 is reported. No titanium-hydrogen-related levels were observed in p -type Si.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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