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  • 1
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    Mutational evolution in a lobular breast tumour profiled at single nucleotide resolution (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-09
    Description: Recent advances in next generation sequencing have made it possible to precisely characterize all somatic coding mutations that occur during the development and progression of individual cancers. Here we used these approaches to sequence the genomes (〉43-fold coverage) and transcriptomes of an oestrogen-receptor-alpha-positive metastatic lobular breast cancer at depth. We found 32 somatic non-synonymous coding mutations present in the metastasis, and measured the frequency of these somatic mutations in DNA from the primary tumour of the same patient, which arose 9 years earlier. Five of the 32 mutations (in ABCB11, HAUS3, SLC24A4, SNX4 and PALB2) were prevalent in the DNA of the primary tumour removed at diagnosis 9 years earlier, six (in KIF1C, USP28, MYH8, MORC1, KIAA1468 and RNASEH2A) were present at lower frequencies (1-13%), 19 were not detected in the primary tumour, and two were undetermined. The combined analysis of genome and transcriptome data revealed two new RNA-editing events that recode the amino acid sequence of SRP9 and COG3. Taken together, our data show that single nucleotide mutational heterogeneity can be a property of low or intermediate grade primary breast cancers and that significant evolution can occur with disease progression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shah, Sohrab P -- Morin, Ryan D -- Khattra, Jaswinder -- Prentice, Leah -- Pugh, Trevor -- Burleigh, Angela -- Delaney, Allen -- Gelmon, Karen -- Guliany, Ryan -- Senz, Janine -- Steidl, Christian -- Holt, Robert A -- Jones, Steven -- Sun, Mark -- Leung, Gillian -- Moore, Richard -- Severson, Tesa -- Taylor, Greg A -- Teschendorff, Andrew E -- Tse, Kane -- Turashvili, Gulisa -- Varhol, Richard -- Warren, Rene L -- Watson, Peter -- Zhao, Yongjun -- Caldas, Carlos -- Huntsman, David -- Hirst, Martin -- Marra, Marco A -- Aparicio, Samuel -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 8;461(7265):809-13. doi: 10.1038/nature08489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 1L3, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Disease Progression ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Germ-Line Mutation/genetics ; Humans ; Mutagenesis/*genetics ; Mutation/*genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nucleotides/*genetics ; RNA Editing/genetics ; Signal Recognition Particle/genetics ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Cancer risk: tumors excluded (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Potter, John D -- Prentice, Ross L -- P01 CA053996/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 13;347(6223):727. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6507. Epub 2015 Feb 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. jpotter@fredhutch.org. ; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25656658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/*genetics ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*epidemiology/*genetics ; Stem Cells/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Soluble salt accumulations in Taylor Valley, Antarctica: Implications for paleolakes and Ross Sea Ice Sheet dynamics (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-09
    Description: [1]  Soluble salt accumulations in soils of Taylor Valley, Antarctica, provide a history of paleolakes and the advance of the Ross Sea Ice Sheet (RSIS). In western Taylor Valley, soluble salt accumulations are relatively high and are composed primarily of Na + , Ca 2+ , Cl – , and SO 4 2– . In eastern Taylor Valley, soluble salt accumulations are much lower and are composed primarily of Na + and HCO 3 – . Na-HCO 3-rich compositions in eastern Taylor Valley are formed through leaching, calcite dissolution, and cation exchange reactions and appear to influence the chemistry of nearby streams and lakes. The data presented here support hypotheses that a lobe of the RSIS expanded into eastern Taylor Valley and dammed proglacial paleolakes. However, in contrast to previous studies, our findings indicate that the RSIS advanced deeper into Taylor Valley and that paleolakes were less extensive. By comparing soluble salt distributions across Taylor Valley, we conclude that a lobe of the RSIS filled all of eastern Taylor Valley and dammed paleolakes in western Taylor Valley up to approximately 300 m elevation. Following ice retreat, smaller paleolakes formed in both western and eastern Taylor Valley up to about 120 m elevation, with prominent still-stands controlled by the elevation of major valley thresholds. At higher elevations, soluble salt accumulations are consistent with older soils that have not been affected by the most recent RSIS advance.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Study of diet, biomarkers and cancer risk in the United States, China and Costa Rica (1999)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-02
    Print ISSN: 0020-7136
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0215
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic Shift-Share Analysis (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 19 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Most applications of shift-share analysis to regional employment change have used a study period of several years and have examined conditions only at the beginning and end years. This comparative static approach does not take into account the continuous changes in both industrial mix and size of total employment of the region over the study period. Calculating the national growth effect, the industrial mix effect, and the competitive effect on an annual basis and then summing the results over the study period provides a more accurate allocation of job changes among the three shift-share effects. This approach, which we term dynamic shift-share analysis, also allows unusual years and years of economic transition to he identified. We illustrate the use of dynamic shift-share by presenting results of an analysis of New England employment growth from 1939 to 1984, using U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data. The use of the dynamic form of shift-share is important when the study period is characterized by either large changes in regional industrial mix or major differences between regional and national growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00465.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE ROLE OF FEDERAL MILITARY SPENDING IN THE TIMING OF THE NEW ENGLAND EMPLOYMENT TURNAROUND (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Papers in regional science 65 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: This paper examines the role of military spending in the recent economic revival of New England, particularly the region's turnaround in employment growth. The long-term re structuring of New England's economy after World War II in terms of industry mix and labor costs positioned the region for a turnaround. We argue that the precipitating factor in the liming of the was the significant increase starling in the late 1970s in federal military purchases of durable goods from [lie region's high-technology manufacturing industry. New England benefited disproportionately from the military buildup because of the region's concentration in high-technology manufacturing industries producing defense-related goods. The labor-intensive nature of high-technology industry has resulted in a large portion of the money received from defense purchases going to labor and producing important regional multiplier effects in sectors other than manufacturing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.1988.tb01163.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical reactions following the IRMPD of C2F3Cl (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 97-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 82.50 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract C2F3Cl is photolyzed with a TEA-CO2 laser at 1050.44 cm−1 with focussed fluences up to 280 J/cm2. The stable products in the IRMPD of C2F3Cl are determined for up to 10 Torr of C2F3Cl being photolyzed both neat and with added O2. C2F4 and trans-C2F2Cl2 are found to occur in the greatest yield though C3F5Cl, C3F4Cl2, C4F7Cl, and C2F3Cl3 also appear to be primary products. When O2 is present F2CO, FClCO, and CF2ClCOF are the exclusive products. The formation of these products are for the most part consistent with a carbene formation dissociation mechanism for C2F3Cl IRMPD. C2F3Cl3 may best be explained by another mechanism competitive with carbene formation. Many products attributed to secondary photolysis mechanisms are observed for long photolysis times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697955
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  • 8
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    14-3-3 fusion oncogenes in high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-05
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Determining the sustainable irregular condition: an analysis of an irregular mixed-species selection stand in Scotland based on recurrent inventories at 6-year intervals over 24 years (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    In: Forestry
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-02
    Description: While there is considerable interest in transforming even-aged stands into species-diverse, irregular structures, the rarity of stands close to the end of the transformation process has resulted in a lack of knowledge on optimum target structures that are considered sustainable. This study examined this problem in a mixed-species selection stand that has undergone transformation for over 60 years. Complete inventories of a one-hectare permanent sample plot were carried out in 2015 and previously in 2009, 2003 and 1997. The diameter distribution remained relatively static with the q factor remaining at 1.4 since the 2009 inventory. An improvement in the number of regenerating seedlings and saplings available for recruitment from previous inventories suggests that the current structure is relatively stable although shade-tolerating conifers are gradually dominating the stand. Not all the sustainability criteria were met; however, the stand could be described as having reached a balanced condition. It is recommended that the current stocking density and basal area (~350 stems ha –1 and 26–27 m 2 ha –1 , respectively) should be maintained and that future harvesting interventions should aim to reduce the number of large diameter stems (〉55 cm DBH), which represent 14 per cent of the stocking but 48 per cent of the stand basal area.
    Print ISSN: 0015-752X
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3626
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    14-3-3 fusion oncogenes in high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma [Medical Sciences] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-18
    Description: 14-3-3 proteins are ubiquitously expressed regulators of various cellular functions, including proliferation, metabolism, and differentiation, and altered 14-3-3 expression is associated with development and progression of cancer. We report a transforming 14-3-3 oncoprotein, which we identified through conventional cytogenetics and whole-transcriptome sequencing analysis as a highly recurrent genetic mechanism in a clinically aggressive form of uterine sarcoma: high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS). The 14-3-3 oncoprotein results from a t(10;17) genomic rearrangement, leading to fusion between 14-3-3ε (YWHAE) and either of two nearly identical FAM22 family members (FAM22A or FAM22B). Expression of YWHAE–FAM22 fusion oncoproteins was demonstrated by immunoblot in t(10;17)-bearing frozen tumor and cell line samples. YWHAE–FAM22 fusion gene knockdowns were performed with shRNAs and siRNAs targeting various FAM22A exons in an t(10;17)-bearing ESS cell line (ESS1): Fusion protein expression was inhibited, with corresponding reduction in cell growth and migration. YWHAE–FAM22 maintains a structurally and functionally intact 14-3-3ε (YWHAE) protein-binding domain, which is directed to the nucleus by a FAM22 nuclear localization sequence. In contrast to classic ESS, harboring JAZF1 genetic fusions, YWHAE–FAM22 ESS display high-grade histologic features, a distinct gene-expression profile, and a more aggressive clinical course. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated absolute specificity of YWHAE–FAM22A/B genetic rearrangement for high-grade ESS, with no fusions detected in other uterine and nonuterine mesenchymal tumors (55 tumor types, n = 827). These discoveries reveal diagnostically and therapeutically relevant models for characterizing aberrant 14-3-3 oncogenic functions.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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