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    Facultative cheater mutants reveal the genetic complexity of cooperation in social amoebae (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-15
    Description: Cooperation is central to many major transitions in evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells, multicellularity and eusociality. Cooperation can be destroyed by the spread of cheater mutants that do not cooperate but gain the benefits of cooperation from others. However, cooperation can be preserved if cheaters are facultative, cheating others but cooperating among themselves. Several cheater mutants have been studied before, but no study has attempted a genome-scale investigation of the genetic opportunities for cheating. Here we describe such a screen in a social amoeba and show that cheating is multifaceted by revealing cheater mutations in well over 100 genes of diverse types. Many of these mutants cheat facultatively, producing more than their fair share of spores in chimaeras, but cooperating normally when clonal. These findings indicate that phenotypically stable cooperative systems may nevertheless harbour genetic conflicts. The opportunities for evolutionary moves and countermoves in such conflicts may select for the involvement of multiple pathways and numerous genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Santorelli, Lorenzo A -- Thompson, Christopher R L -- Villegas, Elizabeth -- Svetz, Jessica -- Dinh, Christopher -- Parikh, Anup -- Sucgang, Richard -- Kuspa, Adam -- Strassmann, Joan E -- Queller, David C -- Shaulsky, Gad -- G0400103/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 28;451(7182):1107-10. doi: 10.1038/nature06558. Epub 2008 Feb 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18272966" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amoeba/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Aggregation ; Chimera/genetics/physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Dictyostelium/cytology/*genetics/*physiology ; Genes, Protozoan/genetics ; Genome/genetics ; Genomics ; Mutation/*genetics ; Myxococcus xanthus/genetics/physiology ; Phenotype ; *Social Behavior ; Spores, Protozoan/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Cheater-resistance is not futile (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-02
    Description: Cooperative social systems are susceptible to cheating by individuals that reap the benefits of cooperation without incurring the costs. There are various theoretical mechanisms for the repression of cheating and many have been tested experimentally. One possibility that has not been tested rigorously is the evolution of mutations that confer resistance to cheating. Here we show that the presence of a cheater in a population of randomly mutated social amoebae can select for cheater-resistance. Furthermore, we show that this cheater-resistance can be a noble strategy because the resister strain does not necessarily exploit other strains. Thus, the evolution of resisters may be instrumental in preserving cooperative behaviour in the face of cheating.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Khare, Anupama -- Santorelli, Lorenzo A -- Strassmann, Joan E -- Queller, David C -- Kuspa, Adam -- Shaulsky, Gad -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 15;461(7266):980-2. doi: 10.1038/nature08472. Epub 2009 Sep 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19794414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cooperative Behavior ; Dictyostelium/genetics/*physiology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genes, Protozoan/genetics ; *Models, Biological ; Mutation/genetics ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Social Behavior ; Spores, Protozoan/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER CURRENT
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