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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7657-7659 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A nonsuperconducting La2Ba2Cu4O9+δ system has been made superconducting by the addition of CaCuO2, along with rare earth doping at the La site, with the stoichiometric composition La2−xRxCayBa2Cu4+yO10+δ (R=Nd, Gd, and y=2x). All the samples with 0.0〈x〈0.5; y=2x were characterized by x-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction measurements for structural properties and by ac susceptibility, dc resistivity, and iodometric analysis for superconducting properties. The x=0.0 sample displays semiconducting behavior. Increasing x increases Tc from less than 15 K for Nd/Gd samples with x=0.1 to ∼78 K for x=0.5 samples. It is interesting to note that the hole concentration and Tc exhibit a strong correlation with increasing dopant concentration. Neutron diffraction studies confirm the occupancy of Ca and Nd ions at the La site with a concomitant displacement of La on to the Ba site. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 1386-1388 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Co-doped YBa2Cu3O7−s samples prepared under identical conditions have been investigated by magnetization measurements as a function of temperature and field exhibiting pronounced M(H) hysteresis loops indicative of large flux pinning even as T approaches Tc. It is believed that the flux pinning arises due to the preferential substitution of Co in Cu(1) site, which acts as pinning center. A critical current density, Jc, of ∼106 A/cm2 is deduced from M(H) data at 13 K in a field of 1.5 kOe for YBa2(Cu1−xCox)3O7−s at x=0.01, which is nearly five times larger than the Jc of the pristine 1-2-3. The variation of Jc with atomic percent of Co-substitution in 1-2-3 shows a structural transition (orthorhombic to tetragonal) at 4 at. % of Co indicating structural dependence on Jc.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 31 (1975), S. 446-448 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: High-temperature X-ray diffractometer studies of lead nitrate in the temperature range 25-430°C indicate that it is thermally stable between 25 to 380°C and decomposes to lead oxide (red) at 430°C. The lattice parameter has been investigated at various temperatures between 25 and 348°C using a high-temperature X-ray diffractometer and 10 cm diameter symmetrically focusing back-reflexion camera. The lattice parameter is found to increase parabolically with temperature.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 31 (1975), S. 619-621 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The X-ray Debye temperature θM of lead nitrate has been determined to be 161 ± 6°K, by measurement of the temperature variation of the integrated intensities of Bragg reflexions from a powder specimen (method 1) in the temperature range 298-525°K. The room-temperature (298°K) Debye temperature for Pb(NO3)2 was determined to be 167 ± 6°K from integrated intensities of selected Bragg reflexions (method 2). Measured absolute structure amplitudes were used to calculate the root-mean-square displacements of the individual ions in Pb(NO3)2, which were found to be 0.713 ± 0.099 and 0.326 ± 0.046 Å for the Pb and (NO3)2 ions respectively.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 10 (1977), S. 441-443 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The design and fabrication of a high-temperature 10 cm back-reflection symmetrically focusing camera is described. This camera was designed on the focusing principle. A tubular heater was attached to the sample for controlling its temperature to within ±2°C. It is possible to measure precisely the lattice parameters of a powder sample with this camera and study their variation with temperature.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: LaBaCuO ; calcium ; superconductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract It has been reported that, by adding equal amounts of CaO and CuO to non superconducting La3Ba3Cu6O z (La-336), a series of superconductors with nominal compositions La3Ca y Ba3Cu6+y O z were prepared with maximum Ton c ∼ 80K. Similar studies on addition of CaO and CuO in nonsuperconducting LaBaCu2O z (La-112) resulted into superconducting LaCaBaCu3O z (La-1113). To date no attempt has been made to synthesize La2CaBa2Cu5O z (La-2125) superconducting phase by addition of CaO and CuO to non superconducting La2Ba2Cu4O z (La-224) system. Also no reports are published to study the effect of replacing larger La3+-ions (1.01Å) by smaller rare earth ions viz Y3+(0.89Å), Er3+(0.91Å), Gd3+(0.91Å) on the structural and superconducting properties of (La2−x R x )Ba2(Ca y Cu4+y )O z (LRBCaC); 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5; y=2x system. In this paper, we report the method of synthesis, structural and superconducting property characterization using X-ray diffraction, oxygen content measurements using iodometry, resistivity measurements using d.c. four probe technique and a.c. susceptibility measurements in the temperature range RT to 15K. Also a comparative study, on the evolution of superconducting phase with Ca-concentration for different rare earth substitutions for LRBCaC system in the context of hole doping mechanism, is carried out.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: Superconductivity ; La2.5Y0.5CaBa3(Cu0.88Fe0.12)7O z ; compensated oxide ; magnetic pair breaking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structural and superconducting properties of single-phase La2.5−y Y0.5Ca1+y Ba3 (Cu0.88Fe0.12)7O z (LYCaBCuFe) (y= 0.0−1.0) compounds with triple perovskite structure are investigated using X-ray diffraction, resistivity, a.c. susceptibility, and oxygen content measurements. Increasing Ca substitution for La resulted in a decrease in unit cell axes and volume. T c R=0 shows a marginal increase from 31 K to 37 K for y = 0.0−0.21 and thereafter it decreases with increasing y leading to zero T c R=0 at y ≥ 0.84. This shows that the suppression of T c from 80 K to 31 K by Fe doping at x = 0.12 La2.5Y0.5CaBa3(Cu1−x Fe x )7O z cannot be compensated by appropriate hole doping with Ca in LaYCaBCuFe.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 33 (1999), S. 573-580 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Tinbergen-Bos Systems (TBS) operationalise Lösch's general spatial economic equilibrium model in terms of “centers” (clusters of activities) and “systems” (combinations of centers). The initial specifications are generalised to a non-discrete metric, and a method is derived to solve the resulting location-allocation problem by linear programming. Applications are presented, the conclusion being that the way is paved to handle large quasi-dynamic TBS, allowing to study the evolution of “economic landscapes”.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 4 (1985), S. 1536-1538 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 3675-3682 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The spinel series Ge x Cu1–x Fe2O4 (x=0.0 to 0.9) has been studied in detail by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements at room temperature (298 K). Analysis of X-ray diffraction intensity data and Mössbauer intensity data suggest that this system remains in single phase up tox=0.4 then it phase separates into two different phases forx=0.5 to 0.9. Lattice constants of this system deviate from Vegard's law. Mössbauer spectra for x=0.0 to 0.4 suggest the existence of two hyperfine fields, one due to the Fe3+ tetrahedral ions (A-sites) and the other due to the Fe3+ octrahedral ions (B-sites), while forx=0.5 to 0.9 it gives Mössbauer patterns corresponding to two separate phases. The systematic composition dependence of quadrupole interactions and nuclear hyperfine fields of57Fe3+ ions also support the concept of phase separation forx=0.5 to 0.9. The observed variation of57Fe3+ hyperfine field on A- and B-sites withx forx=0.0 to 0.4 can be explained qualitatively on the basis of supertransferred hyperfine interactions.
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