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  • 1
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    Buchbesprechungen (1986)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-1042
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1904
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution analysis of swim path patterns of intact and olfaction-deprived minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus) stimulated with food and potential predator odour (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 45 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of different regimes of chemo-stimulation on the swim path in minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus) before and after olfactory deprivation were recorded by aid of a sensitive video-based motion analysis system (DOTFINDER 6cp, JVP). Time series of x-y co-ordinates were taken at 2·5 Hz from colour-marked individuals. From these co-ordinates, nine swim path parameters representing velocities, angles and inter-individual distances were calculated. Each experiment consisted of the application of a water control followed by stimulation with food extract, or body mucus dilutions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) a potential predator. These procedures were replicated with the same individuals before and after removal of their olfactory epithelium. Compared to the controls, only food stimulation of intact fish resulted in significant changes of single parameters. Food-stimulated intact fish swam faster, less steadily, used more of the area and kept wider inter-individual distances than controls. No significant changes of single swim path parameters occurred between controls and experimentals in all other treatments. Cluster-analysis however, provided a fair separation of controls (stimulus=water) and experimental (stimulated by food or predator odour) individuals in intact fish, but failed to separate controls and experimentals in olfaction-deprived fish. Distance travelled, median velocity and total acea use were the most discriminating parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb00924.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative morphology and ecomorphology of the gut in European cyprinids (Telostei) (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 34 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The patterns of coiling of the gut were compared in 22 species of Eurasian Cyprinidae. In selected species, also the length of gut and mucosal surface structure were compared. Piscivorous (Aspius aspius), planktivorous (Abramis ballerus) fishes as well as species feeding mainly on plankton and wind-borne‘ drift’(Alburnus alhurnus, Pelecus cultratus) have the relatively shortest guts, with only a single loop. The same simple arrangement of a short gut is present in many euryphagous species with more or less carnivorous tendencies (Abramis sapa, Alburnoides bipunctalus, Abramis brama, Blicca bjoerkna, Chalcalburnus chalcoides memo, Gobio gobio, Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus. Tinea tinea, Vimba vimba). Some benthivorous winnowers (oropharyngeal sorters) and species with herbivorous feeding tendencies have relatively long guts showing a more complex pattern of loops and coils (Barbus barbus, Carassius carassius, Chondrostoma nasus, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio). The goldfish, Carassius auratus, has the most complex coils. Scanning electron microscopy of the mucosal surface revealed five types of folding in the intestinal bulb which were only loosely related to feeding: 1, smooth surface (Aspius aspius, Leuciscus cephalus, Vimba vimba); 2, irregularly branching folds (Alhurnus alburnus, Barbus barbus, Blicca bjoerkna, Chalcalburnus chalcoides memo, Leuciscus leuciscus, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus); 3, curl-like folds (Tinea tinea); 4, net-like folding pattern (Abramis brama); 5, honeycomb-like mucosal structure (Cyprinus carpio).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03312.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological evidence for the biological role of caniniform teeth in combtooth blennies (Blenniidae, Teleostei) (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Combtooth blennies have recurved, fang-like caniniform teeth at the rear end of a single row of incisiform teeth. The lengths and positions of these canines were measured in the lower jaws of males of 14 species of Mediterranean Blenniidae. In four species, lower jaw canines were measured in males and females, while in one species, the upper jaw canines of both sexes were also measured. Relative (to body length) canine length in males tends to be significantly greater (10–40%) than in females. There are significant interspecific differences in relative canine length, with smaller species tending to have relatively larger teeth. No significant correlation was obtained between canine length and importance of animal prey in the diet, nor with ‘hole fit’ of males, which may be related with the intensity of paternal care. We suggest that canines in combtooth blennies are predominately used for predator deterrence and agonistic interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02725.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphologie des gebisses und nahrungspraferenzen von dreizehn adriatischen blenniiden (Teleostei, Perciformes)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Zoologica Scripta 9 (1980), S. 67-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-3256
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-3256(80)90025-2
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1986)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 73 (1986), S. 684-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366698
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of physiological and social challenges in different seasons on fecal testosterone and corticosterone in male domestic geese (Anser domesticus) (2000)
    Springer
    Acta ethologica 2 (2000), S. 115-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9546
    Keywords: Key words Anser domesticus ; Corticosterone ; Non-invasive endocrine monitoring ; Steroid hormones ; Testosterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We investigated the reliability of the non-invasive approach of measuring steroid hormones from feces in the domestic goose (Anser domesticus), a mainly herbivorous bird with a short gut passage time (2–3 h). Groups of eight outdoor-housed male domestic geese were subjected to three different experiments, injection of either GnRH analogue or ACTH, or ”social stimulation” by confrontation with two alien males or females. These experiments were replicated in three different seasons, in spring, during peak reproductive activity, in summer, during long-day photorefractoriness and postnuptial molt, and in fall, during sexual reactivation. GnRH stimulation resulted in significant increases of mean response and peak fecal testosterone metabolites (TM) in spring and fall. Response TM concentrations excreted in spring were generally higher than in summer and fall. Social confrontation with two females, but not with two males, increased mean and peak TM in all seasons. In general, ACTH treatment resulted in a proportionally higher increase of fecal corticosterone metabolites (BM) than GnRH did in fecal TM (80- to 140-fold vs 6- to 8-fold). ACTH significantly increased mean and peak BM in all seasons. Social confrontation with two males significantly increased fecal BM in spring, but confrontation with two females increased fecal BM in fall. Our results indicate that determining steroids from feces is a generally valid approach. However, the sensitivity of the method may vary between different hormones and results may differ between seasons. BM results seemed more sensitive and seasonally robust than did TM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s102110000016
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and histology of the anterior dorsal fin of Gaidropsarus mediterraneus (Pisces Teleostei), a specialized sensory organ (1984)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 104 (1984), S. 365-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The morphology and fine structure of the vibratile anterior dorsal fin of the rockling Gaidropsarus mediterraneus are described. 60–80 fin rays project as a fringe from a reduced fin web; their lateral movement maintains the fin in almost constant rapid undulation, at a frequency of 3–4 beats per second. The fin can be laid back and with-drawn into a groove. Erector and depressor muscles, which are histologically distinct, move each ray. The fin support is modified, incorporating elastic cartilage, and enclosed in a capsule of collagenous connective tissue. The epidermis at the frontal and caudal aspect of each ray contains numerous receptor cells, over 100,000 per mm2, which have an apical microvillus and synaptic connections with nerve fibres. The recurrent facial nerve sends a major branch to the dorsal fins, which is joined by dorsal ramuli of spinal nerves. It is calculated that there are three to six million receptor cells on the vibratile fin and in the epidermis of the dorsal groove, in individuals of average size. Taste buds do not occur in the skin of the groove, contrary to a previous report, nor on the vibratile fin rays, although they are present on the prominent most anterior fin ray and elsewhere on the fins and barbels. The undulatory motion of the fin draws sea water towards and through the vibratile rays and backwards as a perceptible current. The fin constitutes a specific sensory organ, a water sampler, peculiar to this rockling and related species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312187
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fish Brains: Evolution and Anvironmental Relationships (1998)
    Springer
    Reviews in fish biology and fisheries 8 (1998), S. 373-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5184
    Keywords: acoustico-lateralis lobes ; bulbus olfactorius ; ecomorphology ; lobus facialis ; lobus vagus ; tectum opticum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Fish brains and sensory organs may vary greatly between species. With an estimated total of 25 000 species, fish represent the largest radiation of vertebrates. From the agnathans to the teleosts, they span an enormous taxonomic range and occupy virtually all aquatic habitats. This diversity offers ample opportunity to relate ecology with brains and sensory systems. In a broadly comparative approach emphasizing teleosts, we surveyed ‘classical’ and more recent contributions on fish brains in search of evolutionary and ecological conditions of central nervous system diversification. By qualitatively and quantitatively comparing closely related species from different habitats, particularly cyprinids and African cichlids, we scanned for patterns of divergence. We examined convergence by comparing distantly related species from similar habitats, intertidal and deep-sea. In particular, we asked how habitats relate to the relative importance of different sensory faculties. Most fishes are predominantly visually orientated. In addition, lateral line and hearing are highly developed in epi- and mesopelagic species as well as in the Antarctic notothenoids. In bathypelagics, brain size and the lobes for vision and taste are greatly reduced. Towards shallow water and deep-sea benthic habitats, chemosenses increase in importance and vision may be reduced, particularly in turbid environments. Shallow tropical marine and freshwater reefs (African lakes) enhance visual predominance and appear to exert a considerable selection pressure towards increased size of the (non-olfactory)telencephalon. The development of cognitive skills (spatial learning, problem solving) in fish seems to be associated with visual orientation and well-structured habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008839605380
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