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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Floral scent differentiation among coflowering, sympatric species of Geonoma (Arecaceae) (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Plant species biology 14 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-1984
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This paper presents an investigation of the chemical composition of the floral scent of eight coflowering, sympatric taxa of Geonoma, a neotropical genus of understory palms with little or no variation in floral characteristics. The objective was to evaluate if floral scent might function as a reproductive isolation mechanism. Floral scent was collected with headspace techniques and the chemical composition analyzed and determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The eight studied taxa each had a characteristic, distinct floral scent composition, as revealed by grouping of individuals of each taxon together in a principal component analysis. As flower morphology and colors, as well as the diurnal flowering phenology, often vary little between sympatric, coflowering plants, other mechanisms to keep the species reproductively isolated are needed. It was concluded that variation in floral scent composition potentially is of importance to keep taxa of Geonoma reproductively isolated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-1984.1999.00017.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Floral scent in dioeciousSalix (Salicaceae)—a cue determining the pollination system? (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 182 (1992), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Salicaceae ; Salix ; Pollination ; entomophily ; anemophily ; floral scent ; dioecy ; chemical analysis ; GC-MS ; 1,4-dimethoxy benzene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Floral scents of male and female inflorescences of three dioeciousSalix species were collected by head-space adsorption, and analysed by GC-MS. InSalix caprea andS. cinerea 1,4-dimethoxy benzene was the main compound, and male and female scents showed a high degree of resemblance. No dominant compound was found inS. repens and malefemale scent similarity was low. Floral scent inSalix is likely a strong orientation cue, guiding pollinators between male and female plants ensuring pollen transfer and pollination. We suggest that a high degree of male-female floral scent resemblance is coupled to a high degree of insect pollination. Floral scent does not promote reproductive isolation betweenS. caprea andS. cinerea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939189
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Floral scent and intrafloral scent differentiation inMoneses andPyrola (Pyrolaceae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 177 (1991), S. 81-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Pyrolaceae ; Pyrola ; Moneses ; Floral scent ; intrafloral scent differentiation ; orientation cues ; poricidal anthers ; pollen flowers ; buzz pollination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Floral scent was collected by headspace methods from intact flowers, petals, and stamens of four species ofPyrolaceae. The scent samples were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The floral scent inPyrola spp. is differentiated into a characteristic petal scent—phenyl propanoids and a characteristic stamen scent—methoxy benzenes. InMoneses the scent is characterized by isoprenoids and benzenoids, with a larger proportion of benzenoids in the stamens compared to the petals. Specific anther scents may promote foraging efficiency in buzz-pollinated species and enhance flower fidelity. Variation in floral scent composition is consistent with the taxonomic relationships among the genera and species examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937829
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Floral scent chemistry and pollination ecology in phytelephantoid palms (Arecaceae) (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 217 (1999), S. 279-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Arecaceae ; Phytelephantoideae ; Aleocharinae ; Baridinae ; Derelomini ; Mystrops ; Xanthopygus ; Brood-site pollination ; dioecy ; evolution ; floral scents ; flower-breeding ; pollination ; thermogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The subfamilyPhytelephantoideae comprises three genera (Ammandra, Aphandra, andPhytelephas) and seven species of dioecious palms. The floral scents ofAmmandra dasyneura, A. decasperma, Aphandra natalia, Phytelephas aequatorialis, P. macrocarpa, andP. seemannii were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We studied the pollination biology ofA. natalia, P. aequatorialis, andP. macrocarpa, and tested how the synthetically produced main constituents of the floral scents ofAphandra andPhytelephas attracted insects in two natural populations ofPhytelephas. The genera are distinct in terms of floral scents.Ammandra has sesquiterpenes,Aphandra (+)-2-methoxy-3-sec-butylpyrazine, andPhytelephas p-methyl anisol. These constituents dominated the scents quantitatively and qualitatively. The similarity between scents of male and female inflorescences was 76.5% inAmmandra, 84.2% inAphandra, and 〉99% inPhytelephas. Different species ofAleocharinae (Staphylinidae) pollinateAphandra natalia andPhytelephas species and reproduce in their male inflorescences.Derelomini (Curculinoidae) andMystrops (Nitidulidae) only visit and pollinatePhytelephas in which male inflorescences they reproduce. A species ofBaridinae (Curculionidae) only visits and pollinatesAphandra natalia, and reproduces in its female inflorescence. The apparent reliance on one or a few floral scent constituents as attractants and few and specific pollinators may indicate co-evolution. Sympatric species ofPhytelephantoideae have different scents. We suggest that species with similar scents have allopatric distributions due to the absence of a pollinator isolation mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984371
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  • 5
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    Floral scents—a checklist of volatile compounds isolated by head-space techniques (1993)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9422
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3700
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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