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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of multicellular benthic algae in an eutrophic ditch (1976)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 10 (1976), S. 48-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Eighty species of multicellular algae were observed in fifty-three samples, collected at six sampling stations in a ditch near the village of Tienhoven (The Netherlands) in August 1975. Most species seemed to prefer particular sampling stations above particular substrates. This preference was not observed with the algae, growing in floating and submerged algal masses. Average linkage cluster analyses from Sørensen similarity coefficients revealed a linear arrangement of the sampling stations reflecting the actual arrangement of the stations in the ditch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02308501
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of laundry wastewater on benthic algae in ditches in the Netherlands (1980)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 14 (1980), S. 142-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A modified, artificial substrate method was used to study the effects of laundry wastewater on benthic algae in a polder in the western part of the Netherlands. In a polluted ditch a clear chemical gradient was found with regard to the parameters conductivity, B.O.D., C.O.D., NH4, ortho-P, total-P and Cl, showing decreasing values with increasing distance from the polluting source. pH and oxygen values showed the opposite. Algae, such asEuglena viridis, Nitzschia palea andOscillatoria spp. were positively correlated with the amount of pollution, while others, such asChrysochaete brittannica, Chrysophaera gallica, Cocconeis placentula andSynedra ulna showed a negative correlation with the amount of pollution. The results of algal counts are evaluated by means of diffenent methods,e.g. similarity coefficients, species abundance curves, diversity and saprobity indices. In different seasons benthic algal biomass proved to be a good indicator of pollution, except very close to the polluting source. The role of algal periodicity, influencing species composition, diversity and saprobity values, and biomass growth, has been discussed. The need of revising the saprobity system for stagnant ditches in the Netherlands, using artificial substrates, has been stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260115
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Historical and recent data of waterchemistry and phytoplankton in the Rijnland area (1988)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 22 (1988), S. 93-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256790
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Reeuwijk lakes: A five years water quality study in an eutrophic ecosystem (1990)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 24 (1990), S. 57-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: eutrophication ; lake restoration ; water quality ; carbon/chlorophyll ratio ; zooplankton grazing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Reeuwijk Lakes (The Netherlands) present a typical example of eutrophication in the lower Rhine catchment area. In 1986 restoration of these lakes started by reducing the external P-loading. Two lakes, Lake Elfhoeven and Lake Nieuwenbroek, differing in P-load and residence time were selected for monitoring water quality parameters before (1983–1985) and after (1986–1987) these restoration measures. Reduction of the external P-loading did not result in lower P-concentrations in both lakes. In contrast, P and N increased. This may have been caused by an increase in diffuse discharges. However, seasonal cycles of P and N point to a strong internal loading of nutrients. The concentrations of chlorophyll a and carotene decreased, indicating a lower phytoplankton biomass. However, as C-phycocyanine concentrations increased the relative abundance of cyanobacteria became higher. Seston concentrations and zooplankton densities did not change. Transparency in the lakes slightly decreased after P-reduction and is far too low for the development of any vegetation of submerged waterplants. The typical differences between both lakes remained after restoration measures. The inverse relationship between the concentrations of chlorophyll a and total phosphorus at the two sampled stations remained constant. The differences in phytoplankton composition and the zooplankton biomass give a plausible explanation for this inverse relationship, between the two stations. Restoring the lakes after four decades of P-loading can presumably, not simply be done by lowering the external P-load alone. Supplementary in-lake measures may accelerate the restoration process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256749
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The application of algal growth potential tests (AGP) to the canals and lakes of western Netherlands (1989)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 188-189 (1989), S. 189-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bioassays ; limiting nutrient factor ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; eutrophication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four hundred and forty bioassays with Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb. as a test organism have been carried out with samples from canals and lakes in the western part of the Netherlands. The results are used to assess the algal growth potential (AGP) and to determine the limiting nutrient(s) for maximum biomass production. Special attention has been paid to the effects of deep-freezing and autoclaving as pretreatment of water samples on pH and nutrient concentrations. The AGP ranged from very low in the relatively isolated polder lakes to very high in canals and lakes, which form part of the basin system of Rijnland. The lowest yields are observed in nitrogen and phosphorus co-limited waters, while the highest are found in waters limited by nitrogen alone. AGP proved to be primarily determined by the amount of nitrogen, especially nitrate, in the samples and only secondarily by the amount of phosphorus. The observed ranges indicating phosphorus limitation, 〉 50 for inorganic and 〉 30 for total N/P ratios, lie considerably higher than reported so far. It is concluded that, once the relations between AGP and nutrients are established, AGP tests do not have to be carried out routinely, but still can be very useful in special studies, e.g. in lake restoration projects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027785
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphate ; sediment ; bioassay ; algae ; phosphate fractionation ; NTA extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amount of phosphorus available to algae in the sediments of four lakes in the western part of the Netherlands has been assessed by means of chemical extraction and bioassay techniques. In addition to direct chemical sediment analyses, extractions were carried out with an NTA column method and a stepwise NH4 Cl-NaOH-HCI shaking method, the latter supposedly separating the weakly bound, the Fe- and Al-bound and the Ca-bound phosphates in the sediments. Bioassays, with sediment as the sole source of P, were made with Scenedesmus quadricauda in modified Skulberg's 28 medium to determine the amount of phosphates available to algae. The average total P concentration of the sediments varied from 0.8 to 3.6 mg P g−1 dry wt and correlated well with the net external P loading of the lakes. Uptake of P by algae in the bioassays varied from 0.4 to 36% — while NTA extracted 36–69% of the total P. The ratio NH4Cl extracted/ NaOH extracted/ HCI extracted phosphates is different from lake to lake, although in all lakes the highest extractions (27–62% of total P) are found in the NaOH fraction. However, in the peaty sediments of these lakes, the NaOH step extracted not only the Fe- and Al-bound phosphates but, also, large amounts of humus compounds. Hence, this fraction also contains non-available organic P. The results are related to soil type and chemical characteristics of the sediments, and compared with data from other authors. A positive correlation was found between phosphate available to algae and NTA- and NaOH-extractable P, but the correlation with total phosphorus was higher. Moreover, algal-extractable P proved to be positively correlated with total iron and clay content and negatively with the amount of organic matter. It is concluded that the sediments in the investigated lakes show great variability and that the chemical extraction techniques cannot replace the bioassays to assess the amount of phosphorus available to algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000047
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphate ; sediment ; bioassay ; algae ; phosphate fractionation ; NTA extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amount of phosphorus available to algae in the sediments of four lakes in the western part of the Netherlands has been assessed by means of chemical extraction and bioassay techniques. In addition to direct chemical sediment analyses, extractions were carried out with an NTA column method and a stepwise NH4 Cl-NaOH-HCI shaking method, the latter supposedly separating the weakly bound, the Fe- and Al-bound and the Ca-bound phosphates in the sediments. Bioassays, with sediment as the sole source of P, were made withScenedesmus quadricauda in modified Skulberg's 28 medium to determine the amount of phosphates available to algae. The average total P concentration of the sediments varied from 0.8 to 3.6 mg P g−1 dry wt and correlated well with the net external P loading of the lakes. Uptake of P by algae in the bioassays varied from 0.4 to 36% — while NTA extracted 36–69% of the total P. The ratio NH4Cl extracted/ NaOH extracted/ HCI extracted phosphates is different from lake to lake, although in all lakes the highest extractions (27–62% of total P) are found in the NaOH fraction. However, in the peaty sediments of these lakes, the NaOH step extracted not only the Fe- and Al-bound phosphates but, also, large amounts of humus compounds. Hence, this fraction also contains non-available organic P. The results are related to soil type and chemical characteristics of the sediments, and compared with data from other authors. A positive correlation was found between phosphate available to algae and NTA- and NaOH-extractable P, but the correlation with total phosphorus was higher. Moreover, algal-extractable P proved to be positively correlated with total iron and clay content and negatively with the amount of organic matter. It is concluded that the sediments in the investigated lakes show great variability and that the chemical extraction techniques cannot replace the bioassays to assess the amount of phosphorus available to algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391963
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparision of historical and recent data on hydrochemistry and phytoplankton in the Rijnland area (The Netherlands) (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 199 (1990), S. 87-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: eutrophication ; phytoplankton ; water chemistry ; saprobity ; ecological objectives ; canal ; lake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In two canals and two lakes in the western part of the Netherlands a comparision is made between data on water chemistry and phytoplankton from 1941/1942 with recent data. Orthophosphate in particular, but also inorganic nitrogen, has increased tremendously, especially in the Gouwe canal, where Rhinewater enters the area. The inorganic N/P mass ratio decreased in the last 45 years, indicating that the limiting nutrient has changed from phosphate in 1941 to nitrogen in 1987. The average seston volume, measured by filtering 1001 water through a plankton net (50 µm), has doubled. In the early 1940s the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa regularly formed waterblooms, as it does now. The plankton composition seems to have become impoverished in the last decennia, since several taxa have disappeared. Others are strongly reduced in number. The saprobic index has not changed. Based on the relations between chlorophyll-a and biological oxygen demand (BOD) and between transparency and seston volume, BOD, dry weight and ash free dry weight in 1987 chlorophyll-a and transparency in 1941 are estimated. The average chlorophyll-a concentration in the lakes has doubled or tripled in the last 45 years and the mean transparency in the Gouwe canal declined from 75 to 50 cm. Submerged higher plants at some sites have disappeared in the last decennia. The results can be used to develop ecological objectives for combatting eutrophication in canals and lakes and possibly in the river Rhine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005601
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 491-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphate ; sediment ; bioassay ; algae ; phosphate fractionation ; NTA extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amount of phosphorus available to algae in the sediments of four lakes in the western part of the Netherlands has been assessed by means of chemical extraction and bioassay techniques. In addition to direct chemical sediment analyses, extractions were carried out with an NTA column method and a stepwise NH4 Cl-NaOH-HCI shaking method, the latter supposedly separating the weakly bound, the Fe- and Al-bound and the Ca-bound phosphates in the sediments. Bioassays, with sediment as the sole source of P, were made withScenedesmus quadricauda in modified Skulberg's 28 medium to determine the amount of phosphates available to algae. The average total P concentration of the sediments varied from 0.8 to 3.6 mg P g−1 dry wt and correlated well with the net external P loading of the lakes. Uptake of P by algae in the bioassays varied from 0.4 to 36% — while NTA extracted 36–69% of the total P. The ratio NH4Cl extracted/ NaOH extracted/ HCI extracted phosphates is different from lake to lake, although in all lakes the highest extractions (27–62% of total P) are found in the NaOH fraction. However, in the peaty sediments of these lakes, the NaOH step extracted not only the Fe- and Al-bound phosphates but, also, large amounts of humus compounds. Hence, this fraction also contains non-available organic P. The results are related to soil type and chemical characteristics of the sediments, and compared with data from other authors. A positive correlation was found between phosphate available to algae and NTA- and NaOH-extractable P, but the correlation with total phosphorus was higher. Moreover, algal-extractable P proved to be positively correlated with total iron and clay content and negatively with the amount of organic matter. It is concluded that the sediments in the investigated lakes show great variability and that the chemical extraction techniques cannot replace the bioassays to assess the amount of phosphorus available to algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940137
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  • 10
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    Distribution of multicellular benthic algae in an eutrophic ditch (1976)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1976-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0165-1404
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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