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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a microarea diffraction system by polychromatic synchrotron radiation with the Laue method : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1448-1450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Microarea diffraction equipment has been developed with a micropinhole and an imaging plate using the Laue method combined with polychromatic synchrotron radiation. The crystal structure of 8 μm diam area of olivine [(Mg,Fe)2SiO4] grain included in a thin section of meteorite was successfully refined based on the intensities of Laue spots. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145936
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of sector trilling in cordierite in Daimonji hornfels, Kyoto, Japan (1987)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 97 (1987), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Sector trilling of cordierite in hornfels in the inner part of a contact aureole at Daimonji, Japan is a new type which consists not only of six (100) sectors (a-sectors) forming trilling, but also of (001) sectors (c-sectors) and high-index sectors (h-sectors). Complex twins within and among these sectors were studied from a viewpoint of a pseudo twin. The complex texture originated from both growth and transformation processes. The c-sector consists of three groups of domains which are related by a pseudo twin. This intrasector pseudo twin indicates that the initial phase of the c-sector was hexagonal cordierite (indialite) which later transformed to orthorhombic. The a-sector is related to adjacent sectors by a rotation of 120° around the c axis, resulting in an intersector pseudo twin. The a-sector is interpreted to have formed by overgrowth of orthorhombic cordierite on prism faces of indialite. The h-sector with the dendritic texture is also interpreted to have grown as orthorhombic cordierite. In hornfels in the middle part of the aureole, cordierites with sector trilling often coexist with single crystals of cordierite, and the sector trilling has no c- and h-sectors. This trilling type suggests that nucleation of indialite was subsequently followed by growth of orthorhombic cordierite in its stable field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375209
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indialite from Unazuki Pelitic Schist, Japan, and its transition texture to cordierite (1982)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 80 (1982), S. 110-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Indialite (hexagonal cordierite) has been found in a cordierite vein of polymetamorphosed pelitic rock, a member of the Unazuki schists in Hida terrane, central Japan. Most of the indialite grains show intergrowth textures with cordierite of orthorhombic symmetry. This is the second identification of indialite since the first one from a fused sediment in India. The intergrowth texture was formed by a nucleation-growth process accompanied with the first order transition from the hexagonal to the orthorhombic form. Characteristic pseudo-twin relation exists among the orthorhombic phases. Chemical compositions of both hexagonal and orthorhombic forms in the intergrowth have been deter-mined by analytical electron microscopy. The difference in Fe/(Mg+Fe) at the interfaces between the two forms indicates the existence of a transition loop in the (Mg, Fe)-cordierite. The transition of the present specimens is estimated to have initiated at about 700° C. A possible phase diagram of (Mg, Fe)-cordierite has been proposed, based on the result of this investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374888
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Planar OH-bearing defects in mantle olivine (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 328 (1987), S. 143-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Several single crystals of olivine, millimetres in size, were collected from a kimberlite in Buell Park, Arizona, USA. The petrographic features of this kimberlite are rather similar to the type kimberlites found in South Africa and Lesotho, although phlogopite and diamond are absent in the former ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/328143a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of clinoenstatite from a boninite and a chondrite (1983)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 9 (1983), S. 192-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Clinoenstatite crystals from a boninite and the Yamato-74191 chondrite have been studied with an analytical electron microscope. (100) twins and cracks perpendicular and parallel to the c axis are characteristic of their submicroscopic textures. The frequency in appearance along the c axis and widths of the cracks have been explained by the dimensional change of the c axis in the direct transformation of protoenstatite to clinoenstatite and by the cooling rate around the transformation temperature. The cracks in the crystals from the boninite are filled with fibrous crystals of talc, while those from the chondrite are open or filled with glass in which fine crystals of plagioclase are common.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311954
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface microtopography of metamorphic white micas (1979)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 5 (1979), S. 65-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Gold decoration and platinum-carbon-shadowing techniques of electron microscopy have been applied to study the surface microtopographs of noncleavage (001) faces of porphyroblastic white micas and sericite crystals collected from the chlorite, biotite, and garnet zones in the Shiragayama area in the Sanbagawa metamorphic terrain, Shikoku, Japan. Two different types of surface microtopograph have been observed; parallel step system and saw-tooth step system. The former is interpreted as representing the surface microtopographs formed either by growth or under near equilibrium conditions, the latter either by dissolution or under rigorous kinetic conditions. The former has been observed on porphyroblastic white micas occurring in the middle portion of each metamorphic zone and on all sericite crystals, the latter on most sericites and on porphyroblastic white micas occurring along the boundaries of the neighboring metamorphic zones. It is suggested that the observed variations in the surface microtopographic characteristics are due to Ostwald ripening during a kind of sintering process in which interstitial water plays an essential role, and that the drastic changes along the metamorphic zone boundaries are due to dehydration reactions. Retrogressive metamorphism is considered to have an almost negligible effect, if any, upon the surface microtopographs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00308169
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transition in Ca-poor clinopyroxenes (1991)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 18 (1991), S. 153-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract High(C2/c)-low(P21/c) phase transition in clinoenstatite and pigeonite was successfully observed in situ at high temperatures for the first time under a transmission electron microscope. The phase transition was revealed to possess the characteristics of a first-order transition, due to the coexistence of both phases separated by the sharp interfaces and the nucleation-growth process. The diffusionless and time-independent reaction suggests that the transition occurs athermal-martensitically. Furthermore, the small or even negative thermal hysteresis and the interface motion suggest that the transition is not a typical type but a thermoelastic type of the martensitic transformation. This type of the transformation, studied extensively in metallurgy in relation to shape memory effect, is first recognized in rock-forming minerals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233998
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of titanium atoms in oxy-kaersutite (1975)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 51 (1975), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of Ti atoms in oxy-kaersutite has been studied by the neutron diffraction method. The cation distribution over the three octahedral sites determined by the x-ray method (Kitamura and Tokonami, 1971) is as follows; M1∶0.40MG+0.60 FE, M2∶0.75 MG+0.25 FE, M3∶0.50 MG+0.50 FE, where MG and FE represent (Mg+Al) and (Fe+Ti), respectively. The neutron diffraction study indicates that Ti atoms are enriched in the M1 site more than M2 and M3 sites as follows; M1∶0.40 MG+0.33 Fe+0.27 Ti, M2∶ 0.75 MG+0.23 Fe+0.02 Ti, M3∶0.50 MG+0.46 Fe+0.04 Ti. This distribution agrees with the result based on the Madelung energy of oxy-kaersutite by Whittaker (1972).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372077
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of plagioclase feldspars (1977)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 1 (1977), S. 199-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A modulation function representing the position and density of (Na, Ca) atoms in the superstructure of the e-plagioclase has been derived from the average structures of different plagioclase and a general modulation theory. Based on this function the superstructure of bytownite (An73) has been studied with the single crystal X-ray method. The cell dimensions by Megaw's axes are a=7.946(3)A, b=67.09(2)A, c=12.236(4)A, α=39.03(1)°, β=45.63(1)° and γ=59.63(1)°. Z=18(Na, Ca) Al(Al, Si)Si2O8. The initial phase factor of the modulation function for bytownite has been obtained from the intensity data of the satellite reflections. This modulation function indicates a coherent small-scale alternation of the Na-rich and Ca-rich bands in the superstructure. This superstructure has been refined by applying the albite and anorthite structures to the Na-rich and Ca-rich bands, respectively. The change of the superstructure of the e-plagioclase due to the compositional change has been described based on the movements of the satellites in reciprocal space. The direction of the coherent small-scale intergrowth of the anorthite-like and albite-like bands is perpendicular to the t vector. The thickness of the intergrowth is 1/|t|. Both direction and thickness change regularly from An75 to An25.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307318
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of plagioclase feldspars (1977)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 1 (1977), S. 213-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The lattice imaging technique of high resolution electron microscopy has been applied on anorthite (An96) and labradorite (An52) to examine their antiphase boundaries (APBs) and superstructure relations. The effects of the structure details and superstructure relations on the lattice images change with the thickness of the specimens. The lattice images of the areas with the usual thickness (〉150 Å) generally represent not the structure details but the superstructure relations. In anorthite the type b-APBs are rather sharp and narrow with the displacement vector of 1/2[110]An. The type c-APBs have the displacement vector of 1/2[111]An. The existence of the I $$\bar 1$$ phase in the P $$\bar 1$$ matrix is not observed for both types in this study. In labradorite, the superstructure is coherent small-scale intergrowth of the anorthite-like and albite-like bands with the interval of 30 Å corresponding to the t vector of the e 1-e 1 pairs. The thickness of both bands in the lattice images indicates that the anorthite-like and albite-like regions have approximate compositions of An80 and An5, respectively. The ordered arrangement of the subcells in each anorthite-like band, due to the reversal arrangement of Si and Al in the tetrahedral sites, is in antiphase relation with the next anorthite-like band separated by an albite-like band, resulting in a periodic antiphase structure. The type b-APBs in anorthite and the periodic APBs in labradorite are characterized with the displacement vector R=1/2[110]An=b 0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307319
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