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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dislocation imaging using transmission ion channeling (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2640-2653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interface dislocations present in a Si0.85Ge0.15/Si sample have been imaged using the channeling scanning transmission ion microscopy (CSTIM) method with a 2 MeV proton beam 200 nm across. Groups of parallel dislocations gave dark bands of contrast down to ∼1.5 μm across, the contrast arising from dechanneling of the beam by the bent lattice planes. Tilting of the sample caused the band contrast to change and gave quantitative data concerning the local bending of the lattice planes. A low-angle boundary model was developed to describe the effect of the groups of dislocations on the channeling contrast. Channeling and topography contrast were obtained from mesa structures present on the sample. Improvements in the sensitivity of the CSTIM method are discussed. The dislocations in the sample were initially characterized by transmission electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353081
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microcircuit imaging using an ion-beam-induced charge (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 2097-2104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ionizing radiation such as photons, keV electrons, or MeV ions can generate electron-hole pairs in semiconducting material. The high penetrating power of MeV light ions allows them to generate electron-hole pairs from deep within intact microelectronic devices, so images can be formed of the device active areas with very little degradation of the spatial resolution of the focused MeV ion beam. Furthermore, the ion-beam-induced charge (IBIC) image contrast is not strongly affected by the energy loss through the overlying device layers. This article is the first to demonstrate the capability of a nuclear microprobe to generate IBIC images of the active regions of devices through the passivation and metallization layers. The effect of the carrier generation volume on IBIC resolution is assessed. The ability of IBIC to align the major crystal axes of semiconductor samples is shown, and the effect of ion-induced damage on IBIC image contrast is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351596
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging of the strain field around precipitate particles using transmission ion channeling (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 2671-2679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper shows ion channeling images of the strain field produced by precipitate particles in a crystal matrix. Images have been produced by mapping the energy of 3 MeV protons transmitted through a thinned silicon crystal containing colonies of copper silicide particles, with the incident beam at or close to planar channeling directions of the lattice. Features of the precipitate contrast observed as a function of beam tilt angle away from channeling alignment are qualitatively explained using a model based on symmetrical plane rotation of the crystal lattice around the colonies. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363184
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity of ion induced charge pulses to the electrical and crystallographic properties of 60° dislocations (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 3227-3229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter reports evidence that the size of MeV ion induced charge pulses measured from epitaxial Si0.875Ge0.125/Si depends on both the crystallographic and electrical properties of the 60° misfit dislocations present. The results are correlated with both backscattered and transmission ion channeling analysis. With the sample in nonchanneled alignment the measured ion induced charge pulses depend on the number of charge carriers which recombine at the dislocations. With the sample in channeled alignment the rotated (110) and (11¯0) planes around the 60° dislocations affect the local rate of carrier generation and so alter the size of the measured ion induced charge pulses. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112420
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dislocation imaging using ion beam induced charge (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 3309-3311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The recently developed ion beam induced charge technique has been used to image bands of misfit dislocations in a 4 μm thick epitaxial layer of Si0.875Ge0.125 grown on a Si substrate. The smallest resolvable bandwidth is 0.8 μm under present conditions. The factors which presently limit this value, and methods for improving it are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.109055
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence from ion channeling images for the elastic relaxation of a Si0.85Ge0.15 layer grown on a patterned Si substrate (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3566-3568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate the ability of ion channeling analysis using a scanned, focused, 2 MeV proton beam from a nuclear microprobe to detect and quantify elastic relaxation in a Si1−xGex layer grown on a Si substrate. Channeling images of a sample consisting of a Si0.85Ge0.15 layer grown on a substrate patterned to produce 10 μm wide raised mesas were produced which revealed lattice plane bending of up to 0.25°, consistent with elastic relaxation of the epilayer. The channeling results are compared with those produced from electron backscattering diffraction. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115319
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Manipulation of ion channeling patterns using magnetic quadrupole lenses (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2132-2134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter demonstrates that ion channeling patterns, produced by the passage of 3 MeV protons through a 0.5 μm thick [001] silicon crystal, can be transported and manipulated to produce enlarged or reduced area patterns using magnetic quadrupole lenses. The different effects on the ion channeling patterns obtained by using single quadrupole lenses and quadrupole multiplets are shown. The maximum attainable magnification under present conditions is investigated and a fundamental limitation to this process is identified as being the energy spread gained by the proton beam as it passes through the crystal. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114743
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser intensity noise suppression using a current shunt (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1346-1349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A current shunt actuator has been used to stabilize the intensity of a 10 W cw Nd3+:YAG laser. The current shunt developed exhibited a better actuator response than the pump diode current adjust actuator provided with the laser. Using the current shunt actuator, the relative intensity noise was suppressed from ∼10−51 / Hz to below ∼5 × 10−71 / Hz. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1334627
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DIFFERENTIATION IN VITRO. (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Plant, cell & environment 5 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11611543
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computer-controlled X-ray powder diffractometer (1974)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 7 (1974), S. 603-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Much of the work of a powder diffraction laboratory has been automated by interfacing the diffractometer to an Argus 500 computer. The system can be programmed to scan the diffraction patterns, locate diffraction peaks and determine line-profile parameters for up to 35 samples presented sequentially. A limited capacity for automatic phase identification has also been developed. The characteristics of the system in practical operation are discussed and it is concluded that the capacity for continuous operation and rapid data processing effectively outweight such disadvantages as have been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S002188987401051X
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